1.
The study of Anatomy deals with:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Structures of the body
Human genetics
Functions of body structures
Diseases within the body
2.
The study of a specific system or part of the body is known as:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Gross Anatomy
Pathologic Anatomy
Regional Anatomy
Microscopic Anatomy
3.
What is the second level of structural organization within the body?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Chemical level
Organ level
Cellular level
Tissue level
4.
In relation to the sternum, the stomach is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
superior
medial
inferior
lateral
5.
Which of the following is found in the pelvic body cavity?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Lungs, ribs & heart
Brain and spinal cord
Reproductive organs and bladder
Stomach, liver & spleen
6.
In relation to the nose, the ears are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
distal
medial
proximal
lateral
7.
When the body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological
changes to decrease the body temperature. This is an example of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
negative feedback
positive feedback
non-homeostatic regulation
diagnostic regulation
8.
Which layer of the skin is damaged in a superficial burn?
A.
B
C.
D.
The dermis
The subcutaneous layer
The hypodermis
The epidermis
9.
The three major structures of a generalized cell are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
the nuclear envelope, the nucleoli and chromatin
the nucleoli, ribosomes and the chromosomes
the DNA, the cytoplasm and the organelles
the plasma membrane, the cytoplasm and the nucleus
10. What is the function of the cell’s plasma membrane?
A.
B.
C.
D.
To provide the structure and shape of the cell
It controls the cell
It controls what enters and leaves the cell
Metabolic processes happen here
11. What is the second layer of the skin?
A.
B
C.
D.
The epidermis
The subcutaneous layer
The dermis
The hypodermis
12. Which of the following is NOT considered to be a primary tissue type?
A.
B.
C.
D.
nervous tissue
bone tissue
muscle tissue
epithelial tissue
13. Which of the following membranes lines cavities that communicate with the
exterior of the body (e.g. the mouth)?
A.
B.
C.
D.
mucous membrane
serous membranes
cutaneous membranes
synovial membranes
14. The watery medium inside the cell that contains organelles and inclusions is
known as the:
A.
B.
C.
D.
plasma membrane
extracellular fluid
nucleolus
cytoplasm
15. What is the fourth level of organisation in the human body?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Chemical level
Organ level
Cellular level
Tissue level
Short Answers:
Question 1.
Explain the meaning of the term homeostasis
A state of balance or equilibrium in the body. It is the ability of the body to return to a
state of balance – for example, regulation of body temperature or blood glucose
Question 2.
Identify two body cavities on the anterior surface of the body and explain what
organs are contained in each cavity
Thoracic cavity – lungs and heart
Abdominal cavity – stomach, pancreas, intestines, liver, kidneys
Pelvic cavity – bladder and reproductive organs
Question 3.
Explain how a negative feedback mechanism brings the body into a state of
homeostasis.
It tells the brain when there is something ‘negative’ or wrong within the body, and the
brain responds until it is fixed. The initial stimulus is then shut off. For example, if
blood glucose levels are too high, the brain instructs the pancreas to release insulin,
which will cause blood glucose levels to drop. Once they are back within ‘normal’
range, the initial stimulus (the need for insulin) is stopped or shut off.
Question 4.
What is the role of the effector in the negative feedback mechanism?
It puts the response decided upon by the brain into effect.
Question 5.
Explain what the function of the cell’s plasma membrane is.
It forms the outer boundary of the cell and protects the contents from the external
environment.
Question 6.
What does the term ‘selectively permeable’ mean in relation to a cell?
Selectively permeable means control of what can enter or exit the cell.
Question 7.
Name the four primary types of tissue in the human body and give an example of
each type.
Epithelial tissue (the skin); muscle tissue (biceps); nervous tissue (nerves) and
connective tissue (bone, blood, tendons, ligaments, cartilages)
Question 8.
Name a skin secretion and the structure that produces it.
Sweat produced by the sweat glands; sebum (oil) produced by the sebaceous (oil)
gland.
Question 9.
How does the skin help regulate body temperature
Blood vessels close to the skin surface dilate and as we sweat, it cools on the skin,
causing temperature to drop.
Question 10.
Why is the cutaneous membrane a dry membrane?
Because it is exposed to the outside of the body.