Exploration & Expansion
Voyages of Discovery
Ms. James
Voyages to Discovery
•
What caused the Age of Exploration?
1. Renaissance = spirit of discovery
2. Search for wealth
•
People want to find a faster way to India to get
trade goods
3. Advances in Technology
•
Three G’s: Gold, God, & Glory
Routes to India
• Sail east around Africa
• (New Idea) Sail west…Opps New World
New Technology
• Explorers needed
to calculate their
location with a…
• Compass
• Astrolabe
• Developed by
Muslim Empires
New Technology Cont…
• Explorers needed a ship that can hold large
cargos and withstand heavy waves…
• Caravel- was a light, fast sailing ship
• Steered with rudder
• Triangular Sails
• Equipped with cannons
Portuguese Explorers
• Portugal’s Kings were patrons of the
explorers…
• King Henry the Navigator- ultimate goal
was to find a water route around Africa to
India.
• Portuguese
1. Bartolomeu Dias (map on next slide)
• First European to attempt to sail around the
southern tip of Africa “Cape of Good Hope”
Portuguese Explorers Cont…
2. Vasco de Gama
• First to make it
to Clicut, India
and back to
Portugal!
Portuguese Explorers Cont…
3. Pedro Cabral
• Second trip to
India!
• Sailed to Brazil
and Indonesia!
• Lucrative
trading posts
Spanish Explorers
• King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
helped finance certain voyages!
1. Christopher Columbus (1492)
• Columbus sails west to get to
India…inventive idea but flawed
because the Americas are in the way!
• Sails to Caribbean Islands
• Finds “Indians” and he believes he found
new route to India!
Columbus’ Route
Spanish Explorers Cont..
2. Amerigo Vespucci
• First to realize that Columbus found
a “New World”, Americas named
after him.
Spanish Explorers Cont…
3. Vasco Nunez de
Balboa
• Tried to find passage
at Isthmus of Panama.
• Spanish realize there’s
another ocean to cross
to get to India.
• First to reach Pacific
Ocean from New World
• Panama Canal
today!!!
Spanish Explorers Cont…
4. Ferdinand Magellan
•
Sails west to sail
AROUND WORLD!
Circumnavigate- sail
completely around the
world.
•
•
Left with 250 men, and
returns with only 18 (Minus
Magellan, he dies during
voyage)
English Explorers
•
English
1. John Cabot, sailed to Canada
English Explorers Cont…
2. Sir Francis Drake, sailed to southern tip of
South America and stopped over in modern
day California.
•
#2 to circumnavigate the world.
English Explorers Cont…
3. Henry Hudson
•
Tried to find Northeast Passage, but found ice
instead. Not the last time we’ll see Hudson.
French Explorers
• French
1. Jacques Cartier
(1534 – 1535)
• Sailed into the St.
Lawrence River
in Canada “New
France” or
Newfoundland
• Fur Trade is very
profitable.
Dutch Explorers
• Dutch
1. Henry Hudson (Again, but for different
country)
• Explored Hudson Bay region, in search
of Northwest Passage
Henry’s search for the Northeast
Passage
Explorers find new ways to make
new routes…
•
•
•
•
Can’t Go Over It.
Can’t Go Under It.
Can’t Go Around It.
Got to Go Through It.
Making Contact!
• The beginning of conquest and colonies occurs
when explorers get off their ships in search of
riches and land to claim for country!
• Cortes (Aztec Empire)
• Pizarro (Inca Empire)
• REMEMBER
• 3 G’s: God, Gold, & Glory
That’s All Folks