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 Geology
Raise your hands to define
the following words.
 The study of Earth’s structure,
processes, and history
 Erosion
 The process of water/ice/wind
breaking down rocks and carrying
them away
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Pronunciation Practice:
Uni-form-i-tar-ian-ism
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 James Hutton, a Scottish doctor and
farmer, came up with it
 The principle that geologic processes
that happen today also happened in
the past
What does that mean?
 Earth is A LOT older than people
thought!
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Intro Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pm6cCg_Do6k
(4:30)
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 Formed when magma or lava cools
 The appearance depends on whether it
cooled above or below the surface
 (Magma = below the surface; Lava = above the surface)
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Obsidian
Pumice
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 Made when sediments pressed together to
form solid rock
 Sediment: small bits of rock, minerals, and
remains of plants and animals
Rainbow Basin
Near Barstow
A “syncline”
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 forms when existing rock is changed by
heat, pressure, and/or chemical
reactions
 Usually happens deep underground
Marble
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Forces that build, change and destroy rock, such as:
 Erosion
 Deposition: streams carry broken bits of
rock to the sea or lakes
 Heat and Pressure: can bend and cause
chemical changes
 Melting: Deep in the Earth heat and
pressure are so great that the rocks melt
completely
 Volcanic Activity
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Glue in the ½ sheet of paper
Draw arrows between rocks to
represent the Rock Cycle
Use page 271 in book and the
poster
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 A) erosion
 B) heat and pressure
 C) deposition
 D) precipitation
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