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World programme for the
census of agriculture 2020
VOLUME 2 - Operational aspects
Outline
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION
Steps in developing the agriculture census
CHAPTER 1. LEGAL FRAMEWORK
Introduction
Main features of census legislation
Juridical basis of agricultural census legislation
Authority for the promulgation and execution of legislation
Scope of census legislation
Contact with the respondent and obligatory collaboration
Confidentiality of information and penalties
Limitations on the use of raw data collected under census legislation
CHAPTER 2. CENSUS GOVERNANCE
Ensuring political support for conducting an agriculture census
Advocacy
Composition of the census steering committee
Main responsibilities and functions of the steering committee
Establishment of sub-committees and working groups
Establishment of provincial committees
Consultations with stakeholders and data users
Other boards/committees
CHAPTER 3. CENSUS OFFICE, WORK PLAN, BUDGET AND EXPENDITURE CONTROL
Establishment of the census office
Information flows
Work plan
Financial outline
Preparation of the budget
Review of the work plan, the budget and frequency of updating
CHAPTER 4. CENSUS STAFF
Introduction
Census coordinator
Members of the census office
Field staff
Enumerators
Supervisors
Organizational aspects
CHAPTER 5. CARTOGRAPHIC PREPARATION
Introduction
Purpose of maps
Exploration of existing map resources inventory
Types of maps used
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Timing of cartographic preparation
Computer-assisted cartography
CHAPTER 6. THE CENSUS METHODOLOGY AND DESIGN (cross reference to other publications
existing and planned)
Objectives of agricultural censuses and surveys
The census approach:
Traditional approach
Modular approach
Sampling approach
Use of administrative records to replace the data collection
The census for master sample frame construction
Other uses of sampling techniques
Complete enumeration censuses versus censuses carried out on a sample basis
Advantages of carrying out a census on the basis of complete enumeration
Disadvantages of carrying out a census on the basis of complete enumeration
Factors for consideration in choosing between a complete or a sample census
Main types of sample designs for agricultural censuses
List sample designs
Data collection procedures for list sample designs
Area sample designs and Multiple frame sample designs (cross reference to other
publications existing and planned)
Choice of sample design
CHAPTER 7. PREPARATION OF THE FRAMES (cross-reference to other publications existing and
planned)
Definition of frame
Practical approaches of frames
The frame used for the core module in the modular approach
The frame used in the traditional approach
The frame of a census conducted by sample enumeration
Preparation of the frames for list sample designs
Preparation of the frames for area sample designs and for multiple frame sample designs
Construction of the frame using the population and housing census
Construction of the frame using registers and lists (household and non-HH sector)
Use of geo-referenced coordinates
CHAPTER 8. TABULATION PLAN
Introduction
Evaluation of users’ requirements
Processing considerations
Priority and additional tables
Cross-tabulations
Limitations due to sampling
Presentation of the tabulation plan
CHAPTER 9. CENSUS QUESTIONNAIRE
Development of the census questionnaire (household and non-HH sector)
 Traditional approach
 Modular approach
Census questionnaire working group and user-producer consultations
Use of questionnaires developed in other countries
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Tabulation plan
Processing considerations (CAPI and CASI)
Pre-testing of census questionnaires
CHAPTER 10. CENSUS PUBLICITY
Organization of publicity campaign
Types of media
Timing, duration and frequency of campaign
Other possible action to obtain support and cooperation of holders
Examples of media
CHAPTER 11. INSTRUCTION MANUALS
Purpose of the instruction manuals
Timely preparation of manuals
Authors of the instruction manuals
Presentation of the instruction manuals
Format of the instruction manuals
Contents of the instruction manuals
Manual for the enumerator
Manual for the supervisor
Training of enumerators
Intensity of supervision
Authority of the supervisors
How to solve the difficulties of the enumerators
Manual for the provincial coordinators
CHAPTER 12. TRAINING PROGRAMME
Introduction
Organisation and logistics of the training programme
Training manuals
Training of trainers
Training in the use of advanced technologies
Duration and content of supervisor training courses
Duration and content of enumerator training courses
Use of training aids
CHAPTER 13. PRE-TEST SURVEYS AND PILOT CENSUSES
Introduction
Pre-test surveys
The pilot census
Purposes of pre-test surveys and pilot censuses
Concepts and definitions
Estimating resource requirements
Frame
Questionnaire
Training of enumerators and supervisors
Methods of data collection
Sampling design and sample size
Data processing
CHAPTER 14. ORGANIZATION OF FIELD WORK
Organigram
Provincial offices and their work
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Census field staff
General organization of field staff
Supervisory work and staff
Enumeration work and staff
General suggestions for preparing the interview
CHAPTER 15. CENSUS ENUMERATION
Introduction
Time reference
Duration and period of enumeration
Control of census operations and time schedule
Methods of enumeration (include advanced technologies)
Some tips on interviewing
Special problems of census enumeration
Supervision of field work
Procedure for collecting and forwarding completed questionnaires (include electronic data flow)
CHAPTER 16. QUALITY CHECKS AND POST-ENUMERATION SURVEYS
Introduction
Sources of non-sampling errors
Checking census data and tables against other data
Supervision and post-enumeration check
Purpose of the post-enumeration survey
Design of the post-enumeration survey
Method of data collection in the post-enumeration survey
Presentation of errors detected in the post-enumeration survey
CHAPTER 17. DATA PROCESSING
Prior experiences
Hardware
Software
Testing computer programmes
Purpose of checking, editing and coding data
Data processing activities
Monitoring and control of questionnaires
Checking (manual editing) and coding
Data entry and verification
Data entry alternatives (scanning, data capture in the field - CAPI, regional centres for
data capture, CASI)
Computer editing and coding
Imputation
Calculation of sampling errors and other analysis
Storage and security
Database for micro-data
Database for macro-data
Publication
Table-oriented outputs
Time-series and indicators outputs
Graphing and mapping outputs
Metadata
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CHAPTER 18. DISSEMINATION PROGRAMME
Introduction
Informing the users
The publication plan (hard copy, soft copy, internet, CDs)
Preliminary results (report)
Final report
Atlas
Technical report
Report on quality checks and post-enumeration surveys
Public use database and web based dissemination of the results
Publication of printed tables and reports
Dissemination on computer media
Online dissemination
Privacy and confidentiality
Acceptance of results
Dissemination of micro-data
Definition of micro-data
Core principles for disseminating census micro-data
Micro-data anonymisation
Protocols for dissemination of census micro-data
Dissemination of census micro-data in practice
CHAPTER 19. ANALYTICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Introduction
Interpretation
Comparisons with other data sources:
Reconciling the census data with other data sources
Thematic analysis
Dissemination seminars and training of the users of census data
Using census data to improve estimates of agricultural GDP
Using census data as a benchmark for production figures
Using census data for breakdown of survey data into small areas
Cross-cutting and emerging issues
Statistics on gender
Statistics on poverty
Statistics on the environment
Development indicators
ANNEXES
Boxes with examples based on countries’ experiences
Examples of questionnaires for essential items, for core items, for intra-household management
module and other modules.
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
REFERNCES
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