Mixtures
Mixture • 2 or more substances that are NOT
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chemically combined
Examples: Pizza, Fruit salad, juice
No chemical change
Each substance in a mixture keeps it
identity
Can be formed using any ratio of
components  example- granite contains
any ratio of feldspar, mica, and quartz
granite
Separating Mixtures Physically
Distillation
Magnet
Centrifuge
• Separates a mixture based on boiling
points
• Separates a mixture of elements-iron
and aluminum
• Separates mixtures by densities
Evaporation • Separation by heating until the liquid
Filtration
is gone and the solid is left
• Pouring a mixture through a filterliquid goes through-solid left on filter
Solution
• well-mixed mixture
• Homogeneous- can’t see parts
• Not Heterogeneous-can see different
parts clearly
Solute
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Solvent
• The substance that the solute
dissolves in
• Example: water
The substance that dissolves
Example: salt
soluble-able to dissolve
Insoluble-unable to dissolve-mixturenot a solution
Solutions
2 liquids, 2 gases , 2
solids mixed together
to form a solution
Particles in Solutions
• the substance present in the
larger amount is considered
the solvent
• Example: 30 ml alcohol and
5 ml water-alcohol is the
solvent
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Small
Never settle
Cannot be filtered out
Cannot scatter light
Concentration of Solutions
Concentration
• The amount of a substance
in a mixture or solution
Dilute
• Contains less solute
Concentrated
• Contains a large amount of
solute
Concentration of Solutions
Solubility • The ability of one substance to dissolve
in another at a given temperature and
pressure
Dissolving Solids in Liquids Faster
Mixing
• Solute particles separate and spread
out among the solvent
Heating
• Particles move more quickly
• Solvent can separate the solute
particles
Crushing
• Particles mix more quickly with
solvent
Concentration of Solutions
Gases in Liquids
• Less soluble in at higher
temperatures
Solids in Liquids
• More soluble in higher
temperatures
Other Types of Mixtures
Suspension
• Particles are evenly dispersed
throughout a liquid and a gas
• Large particles can scatter light
• Separate by filtration
• Particles are to large to stay mixed
• Example: Snow Globe
Other Types of Mixtures
Colloid
• Tiny particles suspended in a liquid,
solid or gas
• Particles are between the size of
those in a solution and those in a
suspension
• Too small to be filtered
• Examples: milk, mayonnaise, gelatin,
and whip cream