Standardizing Worldwide Data Management Achieves Positive Business Results Published: July 2013 The following content may no longer reflect Microsoft’s current position or infrastructure. This content should be viewed as reference documentation only, to inform IT business decisions within your own company or organization. The Microsoft IT Data Management Services (DMS) team has evolved from having many manual processes and an administrative focus to being a lean, responsive service enabling key Microsoft sales and marketing functions. To accomplish this, DMS defined an iterative strategy and applied it at all sales territories, implementing Microsoft solutions to increase overall business data value. Situation Situation Decentralized CRM data management functions were causing data quality issues and costing Microsoft almost $21 million annually. The Microsoft DMS team provides data governance, data standards, data cleansing, and taxonomy services primarily to sales, marketing, finance, and sales excellence teams at Microsoft. These teams are part of the Small and Midmarket Solutions and Partners Group and the Enterprise and Partner Group segments of the Sales, Marketing, and Services Group (SMSG). The DMS team also services the Customer and Partner Experience (CPE) initiative and the SMSG Finance organization. In particular, the DMS team is responsible for managing the quality of all account- and sales-related data within the core customer relationship management (CRM) application. This data flowed downstream to marketing databases, as well as to an SAP-based sales transaction tool that synchronized the data to enable revenue attribution, and also used DMS-managed license data to reflect customer entitlement to Microsoft products. Solution DMS isolated and standardized essential data management activities, eliminated or outsourced administrative processes, and analyzed critical process knowledge at individual sales territories. Benefits 70% cost savings over the duration of the project Reduction of in-house DMS processes from more than 1,000 to fewer than 50 Creation of a single service catalog that served data management needs for all sales territories worldwide Significant, measurable increases in CRM data quality Improved accuracy of attributed revenue for incentive compensation payments Greater customer and employee satisfaction In recent years, the DMS team's level of service to SMSG had become variable across sales territories worldwide. Each sales territory used its own locally-based data management analysts to manage data. The activities of these analysts were focused on data requirements provided solely by the local sales and marketing offices, independent of any larger SMSG requirements or priorities. Each sales territory built its own tools and maintained local databases, including isolated servers that were out of compliance with Microsoft Information Technology (Microsoft IT) management protocols, despite containing critical applications and personally identifiable information (PII). This lack of centralization created the following gaps in productivity and other challenges: Local data management priorities were often in conflict with corporate objectives, making it challenging to realize SMSG efficiencies worldwide. Data analysts were often performing administrative tasks requiring business acumen rather than focusing on data-related activities. Lack of consistent data quality risked revenue attribution inaccuracies, which would in turn impact revenue recognition, incentive compensation, sales account planning, marketing programs, customer surveys, and software asset management. The team of 36 full-time employees and 164 on-site contractors cost Microsoft almost $21 million annually. Meanwhile, due to advances in network, server, and application technologies, the rate of data collection increased rapidly. To keep pace with data collection and to optimize data quality, Microsoft IT required a scalable method of standardizing its data management practices and resolving the productivity issues created by years of decentralized operations. Figure 1. DMS standardization project stakeholders Solution Summary Beginning in October 2008, the DMS team conducted a five-month analysis of existing worldwide data management operations. New time tracking processes gathered details about the activities that employees and analysts in each sales territory conducted. Using the results of this analysis, a clearer picture of the problem space emerged: the team now understood more about the tools and systems in use, the roles that workers played in each sales territory, and the division between data- and business-related tasks. Following the analysis period, the team delivered a strategy consisting of four main objectives in all sales territories: Deliver a consistent set of services within a specific service catalog. Rationalize and automate core processes, including scaling to off-shore resources. Drive improved data quality standards and territory-based operational governance. Document individual workers' unique data management process knowledge. Standardizing Worldwide Data Management Achieves Positive Business Results Page 2 Figure 2. DMS enterprise support strategy Solution Components This section describes in further detail how the sales, marketing, finance, and sales excellence teams implemented the key DMS objectives. Delivering Services Within a Service Catalog The service catalog concept describes a portfolio of services exclusively provided by a single team. In this case, the DMS team required a process for determining, managing, and executing against a service catalog that both provided an exhaustive range of data management services, and was globally consistent, meaning that all local DMS personnel were using the same service catalog regardless of their geographic location. This consistency, together with a plan to periodically review and update the catalog as needed to serve new business needs, provided a more stable basis for the service expectations that the DMS and business unit teams could share. To determine the service catalog, the DMS team followed three key steps: 1. The DMS team collected information on the services that team provided, starting with a single DMS sales territory that had recently achieved organizational independence from its local Global Marketing Operations (GMO) counterpart. 2. The DMS team generated a scope statement for the purpose of determining what existing processes would be retained. (The details of this activity are described in the next section, "Rationalizing and Automating Core Processes.") 3. The DMS team began scheduling meetings to begin preparing local personnel for clearer worldwide service alignment, including planning the changes that were likely to impact the local teams. The main team members directing this effort were thought leaders within the regional DMS teams. Later in the project, a centralized planning function was put in place. Corporate DMS owned a stake in the solution, but was not active in starting the project. Years-long Standardizing Worldwide Data Management Achieves Positive Business Results Page 3 inefficiencies resulted in reduced visibility of critical issues, impairing support and guidance at the corporate DMS level. As with all areas of the solution, communication played an important role throughout the research and implementation phases of this objective. The new time tracking processes gave the team an understanding of the range of effort and demand at each location, and allowed them to relate the likely impacts of the solution to the sales territory personnel early on. The service catalog model took approximately three years to mature. Each year brought further aggregation of similar services into a smaller set of scope-bound offerings. This duration was due to the need for some critical local services to remain in operation until the team could devise more centralized work-arounds. As the individual service catalogs were combined into a single catalog, the DMS Planning Lead maintained the growing document as a spreadsheet file. The DMS Planning Lead also sent regular updates to the corporate DMS team, corporate business segment leads, and business managers within the sales territories. Mitigating the Risk of Business Dissatisfaction The key risk to implementing this solution was dissatisfaction among business units in each sales territory who feared that the proposed changes would lead to a decline in responsiveness to their data-related needs. To achieve their sales targets, these businesses were accustomed to providing requirements directly to their local DMS teams. Centralizing to a single DMS service catalog caused many stakeholders to fear a loss of support for, and a loss of control over, their unique data management activities. Similarly, the existing perception that each DMS was an extension of the local business, rather than a part of a centralized global function, created a loyalty of each DMS team to the specific demands of its business customers. To repair the fragmented DMS model while mitigating the risk of dissatisfaction or dysfunction on the sales territory level, the DMS team established three goals: Working closely with each business unit to determine sustainable, scalable service level agreements (SLAs). Focusing on outcomes by demonstrating to business personnel that the solution can follow alternate, unified methods to achieve the same results as preexisting models. Communicating a purposeful message about the holistic benefits of the solution to the larger SMSG organization. A higher level of integration yields greater maturity of data management processes and increased predictability of results across sales territories. Best Practices Along with the overall best practice of tracking data management activities to a single service catalog, the team followed other best practices to achieve positive results: Pursuing a thoughtful engagement model that accommodated business unit input while emphasizing the need for standardization. This model allowed multiple sales territory DMS and business leads to provide timely planning input. Continuing all time tracking processes in order to track performance-related data. Using these tracking processes together with the newly unified service catalog supports a better informed service management capability and clearer long-term planning for the DMS team. Implementing organizational changes to reflect the newly unified service structure, including the centralization of a core team to manage services in the service catalog. Standardizing Worldwide Data Management Achieves Positive Business Results Page 4 Aggregating similar services into service lines and automating each line's activities. Implementing a support model for the new solution based on the same charter and mandate as the solution itself. The other solution objectives described in this case study provide further details about how these best practices were implemented by the DMS team. Rationalizing and Automating Core Processes From the start, the DMS team knew that fixing the inefficiencies in the existing data management model would require automating as many processes as possible. However, early analysis led to the discovery of more than 1,000 individual ongoing processes being performed at the DMS locations, making automation extremely difficult. To make DMS unification a success, the team undertook a conscious effort to rationalize these disparate processes and make rigid determinations about which ones were necessary moving forward. One of the first decisions was to limit the scope of DMS processes to those that directly benefitted data management. If a process or activity did not match this criterion, it was classified as out-of-scope. Several fundamental processes, such as those required for revenue attribution, were determined to be in scope due to their common requirement of DMS success in all territories. All other activities were evaluated, and most—including processes that directly served the business units rather than the data itself—were eliminated. To lead these evaluation efforts, the DMS team formed a capability team consisting of DMS leads from the various sales territories and other subject matter experts in the data management area. Together, this capability team performed the following steps to achieve rationalization and automation: 1. Collected processes and descriptions from all sales territories. 2. Conducted in-person interviews with DMS personnel to understand the importance of each process. 3. De-duplicated the processes where redundancies were found in order to reduce the overall process count. 4. Selected the most mature automation platform among the sales territories in terms of suitability for automation, and used it as a basis for testing process automation. 5. Expanded the trial automation platform to include other sales territories in its scope. 6. Moved manual processes into the new automated workflows until all processes capable of automation had been included. Over six months, from October 2008 to March 2009, this rationalization and automation took the number of DMS processes from over 1,000 down to a current number of 47 processes in eight functional areas. The initial DMS service catalog comprised these 47 processes. Best Practices The main risks of this exercise were the potential loss of knowledge and expertise through the elimination of processes, and the alienation of business units that were concerned about the perceived change in their levels of service. The DMS team used the following best practices to mitigate these risks: Standardizing Worldwide Data Management Achieves Positive Business Results Page 5 Arranging sales territories into subgroups based on business model commonalities, identifying the roughly 70 percent of all processes early on that contained areas of overlap due to these commonalities, and focusing elimination and consolidation efforts on the remaining 30 percent that were exception-driven and territory-specific. Offering longer-term contracts to key resources whose talents or expertise were useful to the simplification process. Including engagement managers from the business units who could communicate rationale and readiness to business users regarding the changes to their familiar data management activities on the capability team. In addition to these best practices, the DMS team pursued a "single vendor" goal in order to reduce the number of DMS contracts and centralize knowledge strategically with one trusted service provider. This provider would conduct all data management tasks in the service catalog; all remaining administrative tasks would be performed outside of DMS in Microsoft Data Operations Center (DOC) facilities located in India, China, and Poland. Edge Case: Integrating the US Subsidiary Applying the DMS solution to the US sales territory presented unique challenges. US business rules regarding mergers and acquisitions, bankruptcies, holding companies, and other legalities were particularly complex, and the data management vendor in place at the US sales territory had special knowledge and processes related to these complexities. Many of these processes were not scalable and prevented the adoption of corporate tools. In addition, long dispute resolution cycles and poor data quality created a unique challenge when integrating the US sales territory into the DMS solution. For these reasons, moving the US sales territory from a dedicated vendor model to become part of the new worldwide model required a customized strategy. To maintain the precision and quality of data management services provided by the vendor, the DMS team chose to retain the incumbent vendor for a period of time during the transition to the worldwide model. Although this decision created a temporary anomaly within the larger unification project, the team decided that managing the US DMS transition separately was the safest choice, given the risk to operational and data quality posed by eliminating the vendor altogether. The customized strategy yielded positive outcomes: Customer and partner data management processes, business rules and tools were aligned between the US sales territory and worldwide SMSG. New, intuitive self-service user interfaces enabled US workers to take more data ownership. Simplification and automation reduced operational costs. Service Level Agreements (SLAs) were reduced from 21 days to 3 days, due In part to a simplified approval process and faster response times. As DMS rationalization and automation activities proceeded in the US sales territory, the vendor was included in the capability team's discussions, and special care was taken to document the vendor's unique knowledge of US DMS operations. When a single-vendor model for all DMS operations was established in July 2012, the vendor was invited to compete for the DMS business, and won the contract for all DMS operations worldwide. A key factor in winning this business was the vendor's proposal to create a managed service Standardizing Worldwide Data Management Achieves Positive Business Results Page 6 whereby it performed all day-to-day operations on its own, changing scope and scale as needed to meet changing SMSG criteria and requirements. Driving Data Standards and Territory-Based Governance In the same way that sales territories were following disparate workflows according to local requirements, they were also disparate in their methods of collecting and formatting CRM data. Data quality was highly inconsistent due to this fact. Also, within and across territories, the same CRM schema elements were being used to collect different kinds of information. Duplicate customer entries were plentiful in the CRM system, and many cases of incorrectly recorded revenue were discovered. The DMS team felt strongly that the key to restoring a consistently high data quality was a governance plan that had buy-in from all sales territories. The plan had the following tenets: All DMS activities must follow uniform data quality and formatting standards. Individual territories must be accountable for maintaining adherence to the new standards. Dirty, or problematic data must be eliminated, and clean, usable data must be maintained. Enforcing this plan entailed shutting down existing processes in which sales and marketing personnel were permitted to enter or change data on their own, instead routing those processes to DMS personnel using the new workflows. This change caused concern within many of the business units impacted by the DMS solution. To respond to this change, and to communicate the value of the new workflows, the DMS team emphasized that both they and the businesses shared a need for the same favorable outcomes—high data quality and accurate revenues—and as long as these outcomes were achieved, the new workflows and governance model would be a success. Documenting Unique Process Knowledge The organizational changes brought on by the DMS solution meant that some data management personnel, locally selected vendors in particular, would no longer perform their existing roles. Those personnel who kept their roles were likely to be transitioned to new duties and workflows. These changes, along with the process of engineering a new standardized DMS workflow overall, required that the DMS team rigorously capture the unique process knowledge that was vital to understanding data management operations in each sales territory. This knowledge capture entailed three repeated processes at each local DMS site: Interviewing DMS personnel about the activities they performed. Documenting why and how each activity was performed, and what other activities it fed into. Verifying the importance of each activity by reviewing its triggers and outcomes in the larger local DMS process. To differentiate important knowledge from trivial details that would have little or no bearing on the new model, the subject matter experts on the DMS capability team conducting the analysis made determinations as they went along. Some fundamentally important processes were identified up front; for all others, the team scheduled daily triage meetings to assess details and rank their importance. When a programmatic fix was required in order to align a Standardizing Worldwide Data Management Achieves Positive Business Results Page 7 critical process with the new model, the team used agile methodology to implement changes where needed. Best Practices Three best practices played key roles in this objective: Identifying key talents among the local DMS personnel and engaging those personnel in designing the new solution. Creating a readiness plan for the new workflows, with the flexibility to reduce or simplify the organization, thus avoiding the loss of vital local knowledge. Maintaining a drive toward high-quality data and processes, focusing on the full elimination of data and process defects. Results The DMS strategy overhaul achieved all characteristics of a successful program. The overhaul started with a plan as a response to budget pressures. Executors adhered to the plan throughout its duration, remaining clear about its key objectives and communicating those objectives consistently during the execution phase. Four years later, the DMS organization continues to benefit from the improvements that were implemented. In addition to reducing the number of DMS processes from more than 1,000 down to fewer than 50, the success of standardizing these processes has reduced DMS costs by 70 percent. The move from having disparate subsidiaries to having a single DMS made it possible to integrate DMS resources and provide service against a true unified service catalog. Both integrating DMS resources and leveraging a unified service catalog were not possible under the previous model. Today, a single Planning Lead role now maintains all DMS planning and the automation that is enabled by the service catalog. The DMS team also consolidated 16 applications running independently at different sales territories into a single, unified data platform over a two-year period. Recent auditing for fiscal year 2013 has shown that DMS efforts have had measurable impacts, as shown in Figure 3. Figure 3. Impacts of DMS efforts In addition to doing more with less at lower costs, these efforts have also resulted in higher net satisfaction ratings from internal customers. Microsoft uses a net satisfaction index to Standardizing Worldwide Data Management Achieves Positive Business Results Page 8 quantify users' satisfaction with Microsoft over time. The formula for net satisfaction is derived from a response to a single question, as shown in Figure 4. Figure 4. Calculating net satisfaction at Microsoft Before these efforts were conducted, DMS net satisfaction scores ranged from 90 to 101. The latest assessment shows continuing net satisfaction improvement and a current score of 139. As net satisfaction increases, two other key impacts are felt. First, employee satisfaction also increases, because workers feel more confident about their jobs. Second, costs go down further, as processes continue to be streamlined and automated. The DMS team has developed repeatable best practices across the sales territories and driven maturity and standardization in the worldwide data management model for the company. These innovations have enabled the creation of new tools, such as the DMS Service Request Tracking Tool, used for reporting and escalating issues to relevant local DMS teams. At Microsoft, as in many large companies, the corporate sales function is often considered the voice of the business. DMS efforts to streamline its worldwide processes have resulted in going from many voices to one. For More Information For more information about Microsoft products or services, call the Microsoft Sales Information Center at (800) 426-9400. In Canada, call the Microsoft Canada Order Centre at (800) 933-4750. Outside the 50 United States and Canada, please contact your local Microsoft subsidiary. 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