CELLULAR STRUCTURE &
FUNCTION UNIT NOTES
WEEK 6- FRIDAY 9/26
J- Bozeman- Why are cells so small video – 5
facts
 TI- Journals Week 5 & 6 (Staple them together
and make sure your NAME is on them!)
 CW- set up unit folder (Cover page, Essential
Questions & Vocab)- DUE Mon 9/29
 HW- Interactive Reader pgs 69-71

WEEK 7- MONDAY 9/29
J-What are the two different categories of cells?
Describe how you could identify each type of cell
 TI- Interactive Reader pgs 69-71, Checking cover
page, eq’s & Vocab
 CW- Guided Microscope notes
 HW- Microscope quiz Wed

Left Side
Right Side
7: Microscope Labeling
8: Microscope Notes
WEEK 7- TUESDAY 9/30
J- Describe 2 different types of microscopes.
Include the name, magnification, and use for
each.
 TI- none
 CW- Finish guided microscope notes, Color the
parts of the microscope worksheet
 HW- Microscope Quiz tomorrow

WEEK 7- WEDNESDAY 10/1
J- List the steps to make a wet mount slide.
 TI- none
 CW- 10 minutes study time, Microscope quiz NO
NOTES (answer on a separate piece of paper.
MAKE SURE YOU WRITE WHICH VERSION
YOU HAVE.)
 HW- none

WEEK 7- THURSDAY 10/2
J- You have learned about the cell before. List as
many organelles as you can (minimum of 3) and
describe their functions.
 TI- none
 CW-Cell Theory, Scientists & Types of cells notes
 HW-Bozeman Cell Organelle Flip Lesson DUE
MON 10/6

Left Side
Right Side
9: History of Cells Timeline
10: Cell Theory & Types
CELL STRUCTURE
& FUNCTION
Chapter 4
THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS
Cells:
is the smallest unit that can
carry on all processes of life
ROBERT HOOKE
 An
English Scientist
studied nature in 1665
using an early light
microscope
 Studied a thin slice of
cork and viewed small
cubicles or “cells”
 He then studied tree
stems, roots, and ferns
and noticed they had
the same structures
ANTON VAN
LEEUWENHOEK
 First
person to view
living cells
 His microscope was had
10x the magnification of
Hooke’s microscope
 1673, viewed the first
Protists he called
“animalcules”
THE CELL THEORY
Matthias
Schleiden concluded plants
were composed of cells
Theodor Schwann concluded animals
were composed of cells
Rudolf Virchow noted that cells came
from other cells
These theories were combined to form
the basic components of the cell
theory
THE CELL THEORY
1.
2.
3.
All living organisms are
composed of one or more cells
Cells are the basic units of
structure and function in an
organisms
Cells come only from the
reproduction of existing cells
CELLULAR BASICS OF LIFE
Microscopes
help scientists clarify the
definition of life
All living things have several basic
characteristics:
Consist of organized parts
 Obtain energy from their surroundings
 Perform chemical reactions
 Change with time
 Respond to their environment
 Reproduce

CELL SIZE
 The
size of a cell is limited by the relationship of
the cell’s outer surface area to its volume
Or surface area to volume ratio
 As a cell grows, the volume increase faster than its surface
area

Why is this important????
 Because
the materials that the cell needs
(nutrients & oxygen) and waste produced (carbon
dioxide) must be able to get in and out of the cell
 If a cell grows in volume quicker than the surface
area the volume will not be able to leave the cell
properly because it has gotten too big
PROKARYOTES
 Lack
membrane
nucleus and
organelles
 DNA is located in
the nucleoid
 Prokaryotes are
divided into 2
domains:

Bacteria and
Archaea
EUKARYOTES
 Have
nucleus
and organelles
 Composed of
one or more
cells
 Eukaryotic cells
are larger than
prokaryotic cells
BASIC PARTS OF A CELL
ALL
Cells must have
 Cytoplasm
 Genetic
information (DNA)
 Cell (Plasma) Membrane
 Ribosomes
WEEK 7- FRIDAY 10/3
J- Types of Cells sorting activity
 TI- none
 CW- Cell organelle guided notes
 HW- Bozeman Cell Organelle Flip Lesson DUE
MON 10/6

Left Side
Right Side
11: Cell Organelles 1
12: Cell Organelles 2
13: Cell Organelles 3
14: Cell Organelles 4
ORGANELLES
 Sub-cellular
structures
 “Mini Organs”
CYTOPLASM
 Location/
type of cell:
within the cell membrane
 Prokaryotes, eukaryotes, & bacteria
 Description: jelly-like goo that holds all organelles
 Function: contains the fluid of the cell,
cytoskeleton, and all other organelles except the
nucleus

Nucleus
 Types
of Cells: Plants
and Animals
 Description: Membrane
bound structure
 Function:


control center of the cell
Carries coded genetic
information, DNA, for
regulating function and
reproducing themselves
NUCLEUS
 Nuclear
envelope
Description: contains the nucleus in a double
membrane layer
 Function: Regulates what enters/leaves cell

 Nuclear
pores
Description: tiny protein lined holes cover the
surface
 Function: allow the passage of RNA and materials to
leave the nucleus

NUCLEOLUS
 Nucleolus
Type of cell: Inside the nucleus/ eukaryotes
 Descriptions: is the site where DNA is
concentrated when making ribosomal RNA
 Function: makes ribosomes

MITOCHONDRIA
 The
“Power House” of the cell
 Organelles transfer energy from organic
molecules to ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
 ATP powers all the cell’s chemical reactions
RIBOSOMES
Type of Cells: Prokaryote & Eukayotes
 Description:

 small
round organelle
 Located in the cytosol and on the rough ER

Function: make proteins
PLASMA MEMBRANE



Type of Cell- Prokaryote &
Eukaryote
Description:
 The cell’s outer boundary
 made up of 2 phospholipid layers
(bilayer)
 Have a hydrophilic (water loving)
and hydrophobic (water fearing)
layer
Function:
 Covers a cell’s surface
 Acts as a barrier between the
inside and outside of a cell
(semipermeable)
 All material enters and exits
through the plasma membrane