THE FRENCH AND
INDIAN WAR
In this section, you will learn of
Britain’s victory in the French
and Indian war, and how it
forced France to give up its
North American colonies.
By the late 1600’s the French
had claimed the Ohio River
valley, the Mississippi River
valley, and the entire Great
Lakes region. The French
territory of Louisiana stretched
from the Appalachian
Mountains to the Rocky
Mountains.
Some of the French were Jesuit priests who
wanted to convert the Native Americans, and
others were fur traders.
Native American’s tribes
competed with each other
to supply furs to the
Europeans. Some tribes
allied with the French
and some with the
English.
France and England declared
war on each other in 1689. The
French and English in North
America fought each other in a
series of wars. Their Native
American allies fought with
them.
Throughout the French
and Indian War, English
authorities negotiated
with the Native
Americans for their
military assistance.
While not as successful
in this as their French
counterparts, the
English did enjoy some
success, due partly to the
presence of the Scottish
Highlanders, whom the
Indians viewed as being
similar to them.
The French and English
attacked each other’s forts and
settlements. There were three
wars fought without a clear
winner.
The final war between the
French and English, called The
French and Indian War (17541763), decided which nation
would be in control of North
America.
French
and
Indian
War
Artifacts
Benjamin Franklin proposed
that the English colonies band
together under the Albany Plan
of Union. This was the first
formal proposal to unite the
colonies.
England sent General Braddock
to help the colonists fight the war.
He and George Washington were
badly defeated at Fort Duquesne.
General Edward Braddock
Major George Washington
FOR UNDERSTANDING
By the late 1600’s the ______ had
claimed the Ohio River valley, the
Mississippi River valley, and the
entire Great Lakes region.
• 1) Spanish
• 3) French
• 2) English
• 4) Native Americans
The French territory of Louisiana
stretched from the______ to
the______.
• 1) Ohio, Mississippi
River
• 3) Blue Ridge
Mountains, Florida
Keys
• 2) Gulf of Mexico,
California coast
• 4) Appalachian
Mountains, Rocky
Mountains
Native American’s tribes competed
with each other to supply______ to
the Europeans.
• 1) furs
• 3) food
• 2) guns
• 4) land
Some Native American tribes allied
with the ______and some with the
______.
• 1) Spanish, English
• 3) French, Spanish
• 2) Dutch, Spanish
• 4) French, English
France and England declared war on
each other in the late ______.
• 1) 1500s
• 3) 1700s
• 2) 1600s
• 4) 1800s
The French and English attacked
each other’s forts and settlements.
There were ______ wars fought
without a clear winner.
• 1) three
• 3) two
• 2) five
• 4) dozens of
A war called ______(1754-1763),
decided who would be in control of
North America.
• 1) The Peloponnesian
War
• 3) The American
Revolution
• 2) The French and
Indian War
• 4) The War of the
Roses
Benjamin Franklin’s ______ was the
first formal proposal to unite the
colonies.
• 1) Albany Plan of
Union
• 3) Poor Richard’s
Almanac
• 2) Declaration of
Independence
• 4) Treaty of Paris
England sent ______to help the
colonists fight the war. He and
______were badly defeated at Fort
Duquesne.
• 1) Admiral Nelson,
General Braddock
• 2) George Washington,
Benjamin Franklin
• 3) General Ulysses S.
Grant, George
Washington
• 4) General
Braddock, George
Washington
The British defeated the
French at the Battle of
Quebec. This was the
turning point of the war.
In the end, victory would
go to the British.
The French and Indian War
officially ended in 1763 with the
Treaty of Paris ending French
power in North America.
Britain claimed Florida and all
of North America east of the
Mississippi.
The Acadians are the descendants
of the original French settlers of
the northeastern region of North
America. In the Great Upheaval of
1755, Acadians were uprooted by
the British; some of these resettled
in Louisiana, where they became
known as Cajuns.
Exile of the Acadians
The Native Americans who had
allied with the French attacked
the British in what was known as
Pontiac’s Rebellion. The British
fought viciously and crushed the
rebellion.
No authentic
images of Pontiac
are known to exist
In order to prevent further
expensive fights between the
colonists and the Native
Americans, the British issued
the Proclamation of 1763
forbidding colonists from
settling west of the
Appalachians.
FOR UNDERSTANDING
The British defeated the French at
the Battle of Quebec. This______.
• 1) would result in the
defeat of the British
• 3) was the turning
point of the war
• 2) battle was ultimately
insignificant
• 4) forced a
compromise between
the two powers
The French and Indian War officially
ended in 1763 with the______.
• 1) Treaty of Paris
• 2) Council of Trent
• 3) Albany Plan of
Union
• 4) Treaty of
Versailles
The French and Indian War officially
ended______.
• 1) with the Albany
Plan of Union
• 3) French power in
North America
• 2) in 1754
• 4) aggression
between the French
and English
The Native Americans who had allied
with the French attacked the British
in what was known as______.
• 1) Pontiac’s
Rebellion
• 2) the Battle of Little
Bighorn
• 3) Bacon’s Rebellion
• 4) the Stono
Rebellion
The Proclamation of 1763 forbade
the colonists from settling ______.
• 1) west of the
Appalachians
• 3) north into the
Yukon Territory
• 2) Spanish Florida
• 4) south of the Río
Grande