Skills Practice Answers
Skills Practice 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
9,434,880 mL
17.8 cases
0.333 pallet
a) 0.1560 m b) 4.1x1010 c) 92,000 μm d) 91,600 nm
a) 2.229x107 b) 8.07x106 c) 5.41x1020 d) 1.12x107
a) 2.300021x1010 b) 3.51x10-9
a) 235,400
b) 0.000000003400
Skills Practice 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
325.2
18,000
0.0175
0.790
28,910,000
27
4.9x1012
1.86x105
Skills Practice 8
1. a) 21 b) Scandium (Sc)
c) 22
2. Atoms of the same element (having the same
number of protons) with a different number
of neutrons.
3. a) -2 b) sulfur c) 17
Symbol
neutrons protons
electrons atomic #
mass #
4. 1;3
136
+2
80
56
54
56
136
56𝐵𝑎
5. +2
56
31
25
25
25
56
25𝑀𝑛
199
6. 30
120
79
79
79
199
79𝐴𝑢
41
+2
21
20
18
20
41
20𝐶𝑎
7. B) ions
8. Strontium (Sr)
Skills Practice 9
1. a) 74.92 amu
b) Arsenic (As)
2. a) 51.99 amu
b) Chromium (Cr)
3. The most abundant is the one with a mass of
40.00 amu.
4. 41.996 amu
Skills Practice 10
1) Ground state: the normal energy level that an
electron occupies. Excited state: when an
electron has absorbed energy to occupy a higher
energy level.
2) 7.11x10-8 m
3) 8.62x10-20 J
4) 3.68x10-19 J
5) a) 8.52x1014 Hz
b) 5.65x10-19 J
6) f=7.68x1014 Hz
wavelength= 3.91x10-7 m
Skills Practice 11
1) There is no such thing as an f sublevel in the
third energy level. Also, an f sublevel if it existed
would have seven orbitals instead of four.
2) 8
3) 10
4) 2
5) Orbitals = 9 Electrons =18
6) 50
7) 4p
Skills Practice 13
1) a. ends in: 3d
b. ends in: 4d
c. ends in: 4p
2) a. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d4
b. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p3
c. 1s22s22p63s23p64s2
3) Because of Hund’s Rule the 2p sublevel
should look like: 1s 2s 2p
4) Three
Skills Practice 14
1.
2.
3.
4.
a. 5
b. 2
c. 6
d. 8
e. 7
a. 2-8-3
b. 2-6
c. 2-8-6
Column 14 or IVA
a. 5 dots
b. 2 dots c. 4 dots d. 7 dots
Skills Practice 15
1. Abbreviated electron configurations:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
[Ar] 4s23d104p2
[Xe] 6s2
[Ar] 4s23d104p5
[Xe]6s24f145d106p3
[Ar] 4s23d5
[Xe]6s24f145d9
Column 6 (or VIB)
5th row
3rd row
Each d sublevel can hold 10 electons
Each p sublevel can hold 6 electrons
Skills Practice 16
1. The second energy level feels a +13 charge and the outer
energy level feels a +5 charge.
2. Sulfur’s outer level of electrons feels a +6 charge pulling
on it from the nucleus. Silicon’s outer level feels a weaker
charge of +4 and therefore it is not pulled as close to the
nucleus as sulfur’s outer level.
3. Chlorine is lower in the periodic table which would
indicate that it is larger than lithium, but it is also located
further to the right which would indicate that it is smaller.
4. a) S, Al, Mg, Na
b) C, Si, Sn, Pb
c) Br, Se, Ca, K
d) C, B, Be, Mg, Ca
e) Cl, P, Al, Ga
f) Ne, O, S, Se
Skills Practice 17
1. It is relatively hard to remove the first electon.
2. a) Ca, As, Se, Br
b) Bi, As, P, N
c) Ga, Al, Si, S
d) K, Li, C, O
e) Po, Te, S, O
e) In, Sn, Te, I
3. Beryllium; After its two outermost electrons are
removed, the next electron would need to be removed
from an inner energy level, which is much more difficult.
4. Larger atoms tend to have smaller first ionization
energies because the outer electrons are farther from the
nucleus. Since the electrons are farther, the force of
attraction from the nucleus is less.
Skills Practice 18
1.
2.
3.
4.
Fluorine atom: 2-7; Fluorine ion: 2-8
0; all atoms have a neutral charge.
+2
-2, -1, -1, +2, +1, +2, +3, -3, -2, -1, +2, +1
Skills Practice 19
1.
Ion Symbol
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
2.
P-3
Mg+2
Rb+1
F-1
Al+3
S-2
3.
a.
b.
c.
d.
4.
BaS
Rb3N
LiCl
AlN
MgBr2
Al2O3
5.
Na2S
AlCl3
Ca3P2
BaO
Names
a.
b.
c.
d.
Rewrite
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Formulas
Sodium sulfide
Aluminum chloride
Calcium phosphide
Barium oxide
+1, +2, +3, +/-4, -3, -2, -1
Skills Practice 20
1. LiC2H3O2
2. Na3PO4
3. Mg(OH)2
4. Omit
5. (NH4)2S
6. K2O
7. AlPO4
8. NaOH
9. Omit
10.Omit
11.Calcium oxide
12.Barium chloride
13.Potassium phosphate
14.Magnesium hydroxide
15.Omit
16.Sodium acetate
17.Lithium sulfate
18.Ammonium sulfate
19.Aluminum cyanide
20.Beryllium chlorate
Skills Practice 21
1. MnF4
2. (NH4)3PO4
3. Ni(NO3)2
4. Na3N
5. Al2(SO4)3
6. Cr(OH)3
7. Fe3(PO4)2
8. CuCl2
9. Copper(II) oxide
10.Iron(II) sulfate
11.Ammonium sulfide
12.Nickel(II) Phosphate
13.Chromium(III)
hydroxide
14.Barium chlorate
15.Manganese(IV) nitride
16.Copper(I) carbonate
17.6
18.3
19.4
20.8
Skills Practice 22
1. Dinitrogen pentoxide
2. Triphosphorus
heptoxide
3. Trisulfur tetrafluoride
4. Carbon dioxide
5. Dinitrogen hexoxide
6. Copper(II) sulfate
7. Ammonium carbonate
8. Sulfur hexafluoride
9. H2O4
10.N3S5
11.CO2
12.N20
13.Fe(NO3)2
14.CCl4
15.C3H7
16.H3PO4
17.NO2
18.CH2
19.C6H9O
20.N2H3O2
21.S2O7
22.C4H3O4
Skills Practice 28
Skills Practice 29
Skills Practice 30
1) 7.02 x 1024 molecules
2) 1121 grams
3) Quantity of particles needed to equal an
element’s atomic mass in grams.
4) 1180 grams
5) 183.4 amu; 183.4 g/mol
6) 3.32 moles
7) 1.22 x 1024 atoms
8) 78.6 g/mol
9) 4655 grams
10)1.81 x 1024 molecules
Skills Practice 31
1) 15.4%
2) a- 25.8% b- 64.7%
3) a- 53.8% b- 34.4%
4) N2O5
5) N3O6
6) a- C3H4O b- C24H32O8
7) C18H27O36
Skills Practice 32
1)35.0 g
2)345 g LiNO3; 100 g Ca
3)117 g Na3P; 239 CaSO4
4)181.7 g Al(NO3)3; 142 g CaCl2
5)41.8 g of each product