Zoologist:
Period:
1
Intro to Invertebrates
The 5 Kingdoms are:
Levels of Classification:
1.)
2.)
3.)
4.)
5.)
Characteristics of the Animal Kingdom:

Have _____ cell wall or chloroplasts
o


Remember, these are ______________!
Are ____________-show all 8 characteristics of living things
Animals have an organized body plan (similar to that of plants!!)
Cells to Tissues to Organs to Organ Systems to Organisms
There are two major groups in the Kingdom Animalia: Invertebrates and Vertebrates.
o ____________________: Animals with NO backbone (vertebrae)
o
____________________: Animals with a backbone
Symmetry:



All _____________ animals have symmetry
Symmetry is the arrangement of points around a central point or line.
3 main types of symmetry: Asymmetry, Bilateral Symmetry, Radial Symmetry
Types of Reproduction:
Animals can go through two different types of reproduction: sexual or asexual.

_____________________: Requires a sperm cell and an egg cell

_____________________: Requires only one type of cell to reproduce (same exact DNA). It’s a
clone.
2
PORIFERA
QUICK FACTS:
Body Symmetry:
Reproduction:
Movement:
Food:
Water goes out through
_________________________
Water enters
through
__________
Collar cell is also called
_________________________
3

Porifera means _____________________________

Sponges’ bodies are covered in pores (OSTIA) and release the water through the top (OSCULUM)

Insides of sponges are lined with collar cells called choanocytes.
o Sticky and have flagella
o Helps to collect the nutrients (like plankton)

Sponges are ________________________________, meaning that they can actually regenerate!
FUN FACTS:

Some tropical and deep sea sponges can live for 200 years or more!

The oldest fossils on the planet are that of sponges and they are about
___________________________________________!

Sponges don’t have bones, but they are hard due to their “skeleton” that is formed by
_________________.

Chemicals in sponges have actually been used to make medicine to treat cancer!
4
Examples:
CNIDARIA
QUICK FACTS:
Body Symmetry:
Reproduction:
Movement:
Food:

Cnidarian means “stinging creature”

They have stinging cells called
____________________ that contain a small thread-like stinger called a
_____________________ that allow them to capture prey. They use the nematocysts to stun and
capture prey

The tentacle pulls the food into their mouth where it will then be digested and the waste will be
excreted right back out
o Yes, they eat and excrete out of the same hole!
Did you know?
It takes .0000007 seconds for the
stinger to sting?
5
Draw the two body plans of a Cnidarian below.
Polyp stage
Medusa stage
FUN FACTS

Some jellyfish are as big as humans and others are smaller than a match!

Cnidarians don’t have brains or hearts- they
are made of _____________________!

A group of jellyfish is called a smack!
6
EXAMPLES:
PLATYHELMINTHES
QUICK FACTS:
Body Symmetry:
Reproduction:
Movement:
Food:
Why would you want to be flat?
Need to use __________________________ to breathe (so cells need to be close to surface)
What do Planarian and the Hydra in Greek mythology (think Percy Jackson) have in common???
They can both REGENERATE!
Regeneration is…
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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Label the SCOLEX of the tapeworm
What are Tapeworms?
Tapeworms are an example of a parasite.
Parasite- ____________________________________________________________________
Host- _______________________________________________________________________
FUN FACTS

The "eyes", called an _____________________________, that you may see on a
flatworm sense light, but can't actually see anything!

There are over 20,000 species worldwide that can live both in water and on land!

Some kinds of flatworms divide every 5-10 days!
8
NEMATODA
QUICK FACTS:
Body Symmetry:
Reproduction:
Movement:
Food:
Some well-known parasitic nematodes
are…
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We no longer eat where we excrete!!
Roundworms have a ____________________________ digestive system
o Food enters the mouth and exits through the anus
o Porifera, Cnidarian, and Platyhelminthes had a two way system (it went in
and came out of the same hole!)
Draw a picture of a nematode and label the path of food (label mouth and anus)
Male nematodes have one end that is rounded
like a hook.
Female nematodes have 2 straight ends.
Why do you think this might be?
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
FUN FACTS

How can nematodes move?
Nematodes have no eyes, ears, or noses so how
are they able to move?

_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
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
There are more than
______________________
species identified!
They range in size from
microscopic to over a meter in
length!
The nematode was the ______
multicellular organism from
which an entire DNA sequence
was obtained!
ANNELIDA
QUICK FACTS:
Body Symmetry:
Reproduction:
Movement:
Food:
Describe how the following two features help
the earthworm to move through the dirt.
Why is the annelid called “little rings”?
What makes it different from the other
two worms?
1.) Setae: ____________________________
___________________________________
__________________________________
___________________________________
__________________________________
___________________________________
2.) Mucus: ____________________________
__________________________________
Examples of Phylum Annelida:
_________________________________
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Label the following key parts of the earthworm: Mouth, Setae, Clitellum, Digestive Tract, Anus, and Blood
Vessels
Why do we need Annelids in our soil?
FUN FACTS
1.)
2.)

Doctors have used leeches for years to
help suck blood from wounds and help
heal those wounds faster!

When you cut an earthworm, the part
that has the clitellum will survive!

The largest earthworm found measured
_______________ long!
3.)

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Earthworm poop, or _______________,
mix with soil to help make it better!
ECHINODERMATA
QUICK FACTS:
Body Symmetry:
Reproduction:
Movement:
Food:
Show the symmetry of the starfish below!
Examples of Phylum Echinodermata:
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How do they move???

Most echinoderms use ______________________________ which are like little
suction cups that help them grasp onto prey and anchor themselves to help move.
o The water vascular system that they have (because they have no blood)
brings water in through pores underneath the sea star and then is pushed
through the feet

Some, like ________________________, use their limbs and tentacles to move.

Sand dollars _________________________________________________________

Sea cucumbers use their tough leathery skin to move about.
FUN FACTS
What’s so cool about a sea cucumber?
When a sea cucumber feels threatened,

Sea stars can regrow lost limbs!
___________________________________

Echinoderms are solely found in salt
water!

Echinoderms have no eyes or
brains. They have eyespots that sense
light!

The shell of a sand dollar (what you find
on the beach) is called a _____________.

Sea urchins are eaten in many countries
in Asia and Europe
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
“There was this mollusk, and he walks up to
this sea cucumber. Normally, they don't talk, sea
cucumbers, but in a joke everyone talks.”
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MOLLUSCA
QUICK FACTS:
Body Symmetry:
Reproduction:
Movement:
Food:
Examples of Phylum Mollusca and the classes:
Class Bivalvia (means: __________________):
Class Gastropoda (means: ________________________):
Class Cephalopoda (means: _________________________):
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How do we move and eat?

Mollusks are able to move by using a muscular FOOT. Cephalopods use their
tentacles and jet propulsion, bivalves open and close their shell and squirt water,
and gastropods use the tiny cilia on the bottom of their “foot” and produce mucus.

Bivalves, like mussels, actually __________________ food through their gills. The
water is brought into the animal and particles are eaten.

Most mollusks have a tongue called a _______________________which has tiny
teeth all over it. This tongue is then able to scrape off plants and animals from rocks.

FUN FACTS

There are over __________________
known species of mollusks!

Many land snails can lift 10 times their
own weight!

Octopuses are all venomous!
Did you know???

An octopus can grow back a new arm if it
loses one!
Octopi are considered the
most intelligent
invertebrates! They might
even give us a run for our
money!
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ARTHROPODA
QUICK FACTS:
WHAT IS THE PHYLUM ABOUT?
Body Symmetry:
1.)
Reproduction:
2.)
Movement:
3.)
Food:
4.)
LET’S TALK ABOUT ARTHROPODS

The term Arthropod means ___________________________

While vertebrates have their skeletons on the inside, arthropods have theirs outside.

In order to grow, arthropods must _______________ their outer skeleton (they must shed
the skeleton).
What is this outer skeleton called? ______________________

A circulatory system is the way that blood (and some nutrients/gases) is carried through the
body. Arthropods have an open circulatory system.
Describe the difference between open and closed circulatory systems.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
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THE 4 SUB-PHYLA OF ARTHROPODA
MYRIAPODA
CHELICERATA
Myriapoda means: ______________________
Chelicerata means: ______________________
Examples of creatures in Myriapoda:
Examples of creatures in Chelicerata:

Centipedes- which are in what niche?

Millipedes- which are in what niche?
How do these animals eat? They use their
_____________________________________.
Why do you think they are found in damp
places?
Since these animals are unable to ingest solid
foods, they ____________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
CRUSTACEA
HEXAPODA
Crustacea means: _______________________
Hexapoda means: _______________________
Examples of creatures in Crustacea:
Examples of creatures in Hexapoda:
Crustaceans have:
Metamorphosis means: __________________
1.)
1.)
2.)
3.)
4.)
2.)
Egg
Larvae
Pupae
Adult
Other characteristics include: _____________
______________________________________
3.)
______________________________________
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FUN FACTS

Arthropoda is the largest phylum in the animal kingdom with insects (part of Hexapoda)
making up more than ____________________ of all known organisms!

Locusts can eat their own weight in food in a day!

A spittlebug lays its eggs in a “nest” of saliva bubbles!
Draw two pictures, one of a 2 segmented arthropod (think spider) and one of a 3 segmented
arthropod (think ant). Label the two/three body parts (head, thorax, and abdomen)
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