Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________ Period: ______
Coloring Questions: Glycolysis
1. What is another name for glycolysis?
2. What can this pathway break down?
3. Why are glucose molecules difficult to break down? How does the cycle deal with this?
4. What are the first 2 molecules added to glucose? What does this convert glucose into?
5. When the compound mentioned in #4 is cleaved, it results in 2 ______________.
6. What captures the energy that is removed from some of the intermediary compounds? What is produced?
7. _____________ is formed when phosphate groups are transferred to _____________.
8. Use the diagram to fill in the #’s below:
Glycolysis: 1 pyruvate produces (nets) ______ NADH
_____ ATP
Fate of Pyruvate
1. What prevents cellular respiration from coming to a stop?
2. What occurs in fermentation?
3. What is the final electron acceptor in fermentation?
4. How does pyruvate convert into lactate?
5. What is the relationship between lactate and pyruvate and lactic acid and pyruvic acid?
6. Provide and explain two practical examples of lactic acid fermentation.
7. How are decarboxylation and yeast formation related?
8. What happens when oxygen is available to aerobic organisms?
9. Name and describe the process that converts pyruvate so it can enter the Krebs cycle? How do humans
remove this waste product?
10. What happens to the remaining 2 carbons left from pyruvate?
11. Use the diagram to fill in the #’s below:
Lactic acid fermentation: 1 pyruvate produces _____ NAD+ ______ NADH
_____ CO2 _____ ATP
Alcoholic fermentation: 1 pyruvate produces _____ NAD+
_____ NADH
_____ CO2
_____ ATP
Pyruvate Prep Step: 1 pyruvate produces _____ NAD+
_____ NADH
_____ CO2
_____ ATP
The Krebs (TCA) Cycle
1. What are the three names given to the principal metabolic pathway for respiration and how were these names
derived?
2. What reaction starts the Krebs cycle?
3. What happens to Coenzyme A after it accompanies the 2-carbon acetyl group into the Krebs cycle?
4. When intermediary molecules are oxidized throughout the Krebs cycle, where do these lost electrons go and
for what purpose?
5. What process causes intermediary molecules throughout the Krebs cycle to release a molecule of carbon
dioxide?
6. At one point in the Krebs cycle, FAD+ is reduced instead of NAD+. Why is this?
7. Which molecule produces more ATP, FADH or NADH?
8. Use the diagram to fill in the #’s below:
Krebs cycle: 1 pyruvate produces ______ NADH
_____ FADH
_____ CO2
_____ ATP
Electron Transport Chain in the Mitochondrion
1. Compare the locations that glycolysis and Krebs cycle take place.
2. Where does most of the energy obtained from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle go?
3. How does the energy above become useful to the cells? Through what process does this occur?
4. Who came up with the chemiosmotic hypothesis for ATP formation?
5. Why is the matrix of the mitochondria a good place for the Krebs cycle to occur?
6. Where do NADH and FADH transfer their stored energy/electrons to?
7. According to the chemiosmotic hypothesis, what helps the pumping of protons across the membrane?
8. How many protons does NADH pump across into the intermembrane space? What about FADH?
9. What happens to the electrons when they reach the end of the ETC?
10. What becomes of the accumulated protons in the intermembrane space?
11. Use the diagram to fill in the #’s below:
ETC: 1 pyruvate produces ______ ATP
_____ CO2
_____ NADH _____ FADH