1. What is the difference between inorganic
and organic?
2. What is a monomer?
3. What are macromolecules?
4. What does “-saccharide” mean?
5. What is a hypothesis?
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Study Island
◦ You have to do 20 questions every time you do an
assignment
◦ It does not save
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Learning logs due Sat.
Crossword due today
Progress reports tomorrow
Notebook/ spiral check Friday
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What gas molecules were in the early
atmosphere?
How were primitive cells thought to have
arose?
What is the difference between Prokaryotic
and Eukaryotic cells?
What is a plasma membrane?
What is an autotroph compared to a
heterotroph?
What is the difference between aerobic and
anaerobic?
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No ozone, so
energy was created
by lightening
Major Gases
included:
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carbon dioxide
Methane
NH3
H20
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Organic molecules are the chemicals of life
◦ compounds composed of more than one type of
element
◦ usually found in and produced by living organisms
◦ molecule contain carbon-hydrogen bonds, C-C,
long chains or rings of carbon
◦ Ex:The four major classes of organic molecules
include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic
acids
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Inorganic molecules
◦ Inanimate, non biological, not normally found in
living things
◦ Can contain carbon, but not rings or chains of many
carbons
◦ No multiple carbon-hydrogen bonds
◦ Ex: methane, water, carbon dioxide, ammonia
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1920s- Primordial soup
◦ Early earth’s oceans contained large
amounts of organic molecules. So
where did the organic molecules come
from?
◦ Gases of early atmosphere: CO2, H2O,
NH3, CH4
Chemical evolution- organic molecules
formed spontaneously from inorganic
molecules (gas) and energy (lightning)
 1953-
tested the primordial soup
model (Oparin’s hypothesis)
 Put the gases they proposed had
existed on early Earth in a beaker
 Stimulated lightning by using
electrical sparks
 Days
later- Miller and Urey found
a bunch of organic molecules
◦ Amino acids
◦ Fatty acids
◦ Hydrocarbons (hydrogen and
carbon)
 Results supported Oparin’s
hypothesis
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*****Chemical evolution: organic molecules
can be created from energy
(lightening/spark) and gas
molecules(inorganic molecules) that exist on
Early Earth
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0. Inorganic matter- in the early atmosphere
1. Simple organic monomers
2. Polymers
3. Protocells (very simple membrane bound
cell with no organelles, can grow and divide)
◦ Make in lab
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4. Cells (DNA present)- hasn’t been created
in a lab
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Abiogenesis- process by which life arises
from inorganic matter (theory)
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Prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Why?
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1. Infolding of outer membrane to create
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body,
vacuoles
2. Endosymbiosis: chloroplasts and
mitochondria came from bacteria
◦ A larger cell engulfs a small prokaryotic
(bacteria) cell
◦ The large and small cell work together to
survive
◦ Instead of being digested, the bacteria began to
live inside the host cell where they performed
either respiration (mitochondria) or
photosynthesis (chloroplasts)
◦ Mitochondria and chloroplasts have own DNA
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No oxygen
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No ozone layer
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Lots of UV
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Volcanos (lava)
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Lots of CO2 and ammonia
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Intense lightning storms
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Lots O2
Ozone layer
Not much UV
More land
Less CO2 and
ammonia
Less lightning
storms
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Explain the Miller and Urey experiment in
your own words
Draw a picture of the experiment apparatus
Compare and contrast organic and inorganic
molecules