Lets Carb Up!!!
Carbohydrates - Composition
• Made of… (Hint: look at the name)
– Carbon
– Hydrogen
– Oxygen
Carbohydrates - 3 Types
• Monosaccharides
– These are the monomer units
– Means 1 sugar or simple sugar
– Ring Shaped molecules
– Provide quick energy for cells
• C6H12O6 (What is the ratio of atoms??)
Monosaccharide examples-What functional
group is present??
• Glucose
• Fructose
• Galactose
Isomers
• Isomers-have the same molecular formula,
but different structural formulas
• Glucose, Galactose and Fructose all have the
same molecular formula…what is it?
– C6H12O6
Carbohydrates – 3 types
• Disaccharides
– 2 monosaccharides linked together
– Dehydration synthesis
• Predict the molecular formula for a disaccharide.
– C12H22O11
Disaccharides - examples
• Sucrose
– Glucose
and fructose
• Maltose
– 2 glucose
• Lactose
– Glucose
and galactose
Carbohydrates – 3 Types
• Polysaccharides
– Many monosaccharides linked together
– Dehydration Synthesis
• Polymers
Carbohydrates - Uses
• Used by cells to store and release energy
• Used to make cell structures
Structural Carbs
• Polysaccharides-built from the monomer glucose
• Cellulose
– Structural
– Chain-link
fence
– Plants
• Chitin
– Structural
– Animals
Energy Storage
• Simple Sugars
– Quick release E
– Mono and di’s
Polysaccharides
• Starch
– Long term
E storage
– Straight chain
– plants
• Glycogen
– Long term
E storage
– Branched chain
– animals
Which of the following represents a
monosaccharide?
1.
25% 25% 25% 25%
2.
3.
..
re
C
ho
i
ce
.
..
ct
u
Pi
Pi
ct
u
re
C
ho
i
ce
.
..
ce
.
ho
i
C
re
ct
u
Pi
Pi
ct
u
re
C
ho
i
ce
.
..
4.
17%
17%
17%
S
17%
P
17%
N
17%
H
C
H
N
O
P
S
C
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
O
What elements are present in carbohydrates?
(Answer all that apply)
How does a simple sugar become a
polysaccharide?
50%
50%
in
g
em
ov
R
A
dd
in
g
w
w
at
at
e
er
r
1. Adding water
2. Removing water
What is the name of the process that
would break down a polysaccharide?
1. Wittingase
2. Dehydration
synthesis
3. Hydrolysis
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
11
12
13
14
15
er
2
En
t
1
an
sw
er
te
xt
...
100%
16
17
18
19
20
The molecular formula for Glucose is which
of the following?
6
H1
2
12
C
C
6H
10
O
O
5
11
O
H2
2
12
C
6H
12
O
6
C6H12O6
C12H22O11
C6H10O5
C12H12O6
C
1.
2.
3.
4.
25% 25% 25% 25%