CHAPTER 2
The American Colonies Emerge
Plymouth Rock
Section 2
An English Settlement
at Jamestown
The first
permanent
English
settlement in
North America is
founded at
Jamestown,
Virginia,
in 1607.
NEXT
The European Colonies
An English Settlement at Jamestown
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1st permanent English settlement in North
America was Jamestown, Virginia in 1607
Joint Stock companies – investors joined
together to raise funds to establish colonies
Virginia Company granted
charter by King James I of
England to start colony
John Smith becomes leader
of colony
Disastrous Start
What factors led to the disastrous start
at Jamestown, Virginia? Pg. 43
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Not prepared to work – more interested in
gold
Not prepared for the rugged life
John Smith injured
Powhatan natives begin to destroy cattle and
crop
Starving time
Jamestown survives….
What role does tobacco play in the survival
of Jamestown? P45
Labor force needed to grow
tobacco………
Comparison of labor sources
Headright
system
Indentured
Servants
•Paid own
passage
•Worked in
exchange for
passage
•Received 50
acres of land
•Failed to
provide
enough labor
•Failed to
provide enough
labor
Slavery
•1619
•Imported
in large
numbers
Native Americans
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What was the relationship between the
colonists and the Native Americans?
p.46
Chief Powhatan
Marriage of Pocahontas to John
Rolfe
Bacon’s Rebellion
Nathaniel Bacon
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Poor frontier farmers demanded that the
Governor Berkeley protect them from the Natives
Berkeley refused
Nathaniel Bacon – led a rebellion against the
governor
Bacon marches on
Jamestown to speak
with House of
Burgesses- 1st
colonial legislature
in America
Nathaniel Bacon leads Virginia settlers against Native Americans
during Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676.
Section 3
Puritan New England
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Puritans – church members who wanted to
“purify” or reform the Church of England.
–
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Came to new world for religious reasons – believed
that the Church of England was too Catholic
Origins- English Reformation – King Henry VIII
broke from the Catholic church to form the
Anglican Church.
Separatists (Pilgrims) were Puritans who believed
that the Church could not be reformed –
members should separate from the church.
–
Pilgrims – left England to escape persecution –
founded Plymouth Colony in 1620 (2nd colony)
Dissent in the Puritan Community
What problems did Roger
Williams and Anne Hutchinson
have with Puritan beliefs? P.52
Roger Williams believed that land
taken from the Indians must be
paid for and settlers should not be
punished for their religious beliefs
– He founded Rhode Island based
on religious freedom
Anne Hutchinson – believed that
worshipers did not need the
church to interpret the Bible for
them.
Disputes between Native American
and Colonists
Native
Americans
•land treaties
were
agreements to
share the land
for which they
received gifts.
Land Treaties
Europeans
•Land treaties
were a one-time
deal in which
the Natives
permanently
sold their land
to new owners.
Pequot War
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1637 first major conflict occurred when Pequot
nation decided to fight back against the
colonists.
Colonists nearly destroyed the Pequot nation in a
brutal battle
King Philip’s War
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Wampanoag chief
Metacom (King Philip)
leads war against the
English settlers in New
England in 1675.
War ends with English
victory, but with many
deaths
Section 4
Settlement of the
Middle Atlantic Colonies
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New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey,
Delaware
The Dutch founded New Netherland and
named the capital New Amsterdam
The English drove the Dutch out of the
colony and changed the name to New York
Divided into New York – New Jersey Delaware
Middle Colonies
Penn’s Holy Experiment
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William Penn started the colony
of Pennsylvania for religious
freedom for the Quakers.
How did Quaker beliefs
compare to Puritan beliefs?
P.57
Answer: held services w/o
ministers, dressed plainly,
everyone was equal, peaceful,
representative government,
freedom of religion
Southern Colonies
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Maryland, Georgia, North & South
Carolina, Virginia
Maryland – religious freedom
North and South Carolina – owners
wanted to establish large plantations
Georgia – to help debtors
Southern Colonies