Name:_____________________
Mrs. Belesis
Date:________________
Criminal Justice
Multiple Choice for Thursday, January 17, 2013
1. Criminal justice system
a. The system of law enforcement, judicial system and punishment/corrects.
b. A social system, all rules and all administration systems.
2. Criminal justice (charges and procedure
a. Due Process of law
b. Fair trial, a lawyer present, rights read, legal search and seizures etc.
c. Questioning of people – only if they need help, if they appear suspicious, if they have clear reasoning they will
commit a crime shortly
3. Felony
a. Felonies: murder, manslaughter, rape, sodomy, mayhem, robbery, arson and larceny
b. Punishable by: death or imprisonment in a state prison.
4. Misdemeanor
a. A less serious crime generally punishable by a fine or by incarceration in jail for not more than one year.
5. “Booking”
a. The administrative recording of an arrest.
i. Typically, The suspect’s name, the charge, and perhaps the suspect’s fingerprints or photograph are
entered in the police blotter.
6. Burglary
a. is illegal entry into any building at any time of day to steal or commit any crime without force.
7. Search warrant
a. A court order issued by a judge authorizing a search of you or your home for certain items.
b. Protected by the fourth amendment – protection of citizens rights
8. Probable cause:
a. The officers have a reasonable base that this person has committed a crime.
9. Double jeopardy
a. Being charged twice for the same offense after you have been acquitted
b. Protected against in the 5th amendment
10. Rehabilitation
a. People believe that the prison or release program should try to treat and reform the wrongdoer so they can re
enter society.
11. Parole
a. Parole is the process of returning a prisoner to society if they have displayed good behavior in prison and if they
give your word to avoid further crime.
b. They are given a parole officer who will monitor their behavior.
12. Probation
a. An offender sentenced to probation is allowed to return to the community instead of going to jail.
i. They must regularly prove that he or she meets certain conditions set by the court.
ii. If conditions are violated the offender may be put in jail.
13. Constitutional rights of the accused
a. Found in the constitution
i. Fourth Amendment:
ii. Fifth Amendment
iii. Sixth Amendment
iv. Seventh Amendment
v. Eighth Amendment
14. Habeas corpus
a. writ requiring a person to be brought before a judge or court
15. Criminology
a. the scientific study of the causes of crime and rehabilitation and punishment of offenders.
16. Date Rape
a. Rarely reported because the victim feels it was their fault or that it wasn’t “legitimate” rape
17. Embezzlement
a. When people take property (theft) they have been entrusted with (usually large amounts)
18. Tort
a. Breach of some obligation causing harm or injury
i. Negligence, libel etc.
b. Usually a civil crime
19. Alibi
a. Used by an accused person explaining that they were elsewhere at the time an alleged offense was committed.
20. Jail versus prison
a. Jail is for sentences that are one year or less and for misdemeanors.
b. Prisons are for more serious offences that are punishable by one or more years.
21. Right to speedy and public trial
a. Sixth Amendment- Guaranteed to the accused.
22. Exclusionary Rule
a. a rule that forbids the introduction of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal trial.
23. Criminal charges
a. Arraignments: Being brought before a judge and told what laws you have broken
24. Due process
a. The requirement that all legal procedures of law enforcement, the courts are fair and equal.
25. Grand jury
a. A panel of people who decide whether or not there is enough evidence to bring the case to trial.
26. Testimony
a. A statement or declaration of a person under oath.
27. Plea bargaining
a. Plea bargain gives the prosecutor the ability to accept a guilty plea on a lesser charge than that was originally
brought.
28. Civil law
a. Regulates relations between individuals
b. The outcome determines whether or not they will pay money to the prosecution
29. Expert witness
a. Can be called in during a trial to explain the meaning of certain evidence.
30. Role of defense attorney
i. They must defend the accused by showing that the government does not have enough evidence to
convict the defendant.
ii. They hold the burden of proof
31. Role of jury
a. Determine whether or not the defendant is guilty or innocent
32. Miranda warning
a. You must be advised of your constitutional rights.
i. Given a lawyer
33. NJ v. TLO
a. Stated that school officials can search students if they have reasonable suspicion
34. Roles of Police officers
a. Preventing crimes by driving around neighborhoods and being visible.
35. Actus reus
a. to intentional criminal conduct, or criminally negligent (reckless) action
36. mens rea
a. Criminal intent; a guilty state of mind.
37. Lex Talionis
a. The law of retaliation
38. Computer crimes
a. Data Diddling- modifying data for fun and profit;
b. Trojan Horse- Computer viruses that appear to be regular programs but are actual hacking programs.
c. Superzapping- Using software to bypass security in order to hack into someone’s information