Aim: Review for Test
on World War I
Bring a #2 pencil and
a pen.
Essay: Causes of
World War I (MANIA)
 France wanted revenge for the FrancoPrussian war. Archduke Ferdinand was
assassinated by a Serbian who wanted
independence.
 stronger nation takes over a weaker
nation. The Industrial Revolution
created a need for raw materials and
markets for goods. Germany and
France are fighting over North Africa.
 Triple Entente- France, Britain and
Russia (U.S. enters- Allies)
 Triple Alliance- Germany, Italy, AustriaHungary (Turkey- Central Powers)
 Build weapons and supplies. First war
after the Industrial Revolution. Mass
produced. Germany and Britain are
competing for the strongest navy.
History of militarism in GermanyBismarck “Blood and Iron”
 Archduke Ferdinand of AustriaHungary was assassinated by a Serbian
who wanted independence.
 Britain had an alliance with Belgium.
 Germany invaded Belgium’s neutrality
(Schliffen Plan).
 Sinking of the Lusitania- British passenger liner
with Americans on board. Germans were
practicing “unrestricted submarine warfare.”
Restore freedom of the seas.
 Zimmerman Telegram- from Germany to
Mexico asking for alliance. Germany would help
regain territory. Intercepted by British.
 The Russian Revolution (Communist
Revolution) took place.
 Germany wanted Russia out of the war to
avoid a two fronted war.
 Smuggled Lenin into Russia.
 War in the east was over. Germany could
concentrate on the war in the west.
 Treaty of Brest Litofsk ended the war.
 Russia lost land- food and fuel shortages.
 Austria-Hungary divided.
 Yugoslavia is created.
 Alsace and Lorraine returned to France.
 Triple Entente- France, Britain & Russia.
 Triple Alliance- Germany, Italy and
Austria-Hungary.
 Purpose- to prevent future wars.
 Create new nations based on ethnicitySELF DETERMINATION.
 Military disarmament
 League of Nations.
 Results- Britain & France didn’t use
Wilson’s ideas- wanted to punish Germany.
 Germany had to admit full responsibility
for the war.
 Pay reparations (damages).
 Occupied by troops.
 Return Alsace and Lorraine to France.
 Caused WWII- created economic and
political problems.
 Too harsh on Germany.
 Submarines
 Tanks
 Airplanes
 Machine guns
 Poison gas
 Grenades
 Flame throwers
 Otto von Bismarck- “Blood and Iron.”
 Used military force to unify GermanyFranco-Prussian War.
 Began militarism in Germany.
 Created hatred between France and
Germany.
 Eastern Europe.
 Many ethnic groups living in one region.
 Each wanted independence.
 Led to the assassination.
 “powder keg”