Ch. 7 PPT
Road to Revolution
Ch 7 Tmwk
1. Name 2 consequences of the Seven
Year’s War.
2. Doc Pg 126: What is the Stamp Act?
3. Doc Pg 128: How did colonists treat
officials who were assigned to collect
taxes?
4. Left Paragraph Pg 133: What did the
Quebec Act do?
Consequences of Seven Years’ War
• End of Seven Years’ War: France surrendered land
holdings to Britain.
• Britain became master of large domain in N.
America. Spanish forced to western side of Miss
R.
• Britain: large debt of £140 million – half the debt
came from defending American colonies
• 1763 British govt. - wants colonists to pay for
financial costs of the empire, thus began
enacting laws to raise revenue in the colonies.
Ch 7 Teamwork
5. What natural rights did Locke speak of?
6. Write down 5 examples of democratic
origins in the colonies. (ie Mayflower
Compact – and you can’t use this one!)
7. Give 2 examples of Enlightenment ideas
that shaped the rise of democratic ideals
for the founding of the U.S.
Enlightenment Influences
• Republicanism: All citizens should
willingly submit their private
interests to the common good.
• “Radical Whigs”: Citizens on guard
against corruption - things which
would take away their hard-won
liberties. (Feared corruption, lack
of morality and tyranny!)
• Natural Rights:
• Balance of Power:
• Free Speech:
• Social Contract
• Founding Fathers
Warning of the dangers of
unrestrained government!
John Locke
Voltaire
Democratic Origins
Democratic Origins
• Colonies founded by trading companies, religious people, and
land speculators
• House of Burgesses:
• Mayflower Compact:
• Town Meetings:
• Voting for governors:
• Fundamental Orders: Connecticut
• New England Confederation:
• The Great Awakening:
• Albany Congress - intercolonial congress: French/Indian War
***Salutary Neglect***
Stamp Act Congress:
Local Committees of Correspondence:
1st Continental Congress:
Enlightenment thinkers:
• Colonies founded by trading companies, religious people,
and land speculators
• House of Burgesses P
• Mayflower Compact D
• Town Meetings P
• Voting for governors P
• Connecticut: Fundamental Orders D
• New England Confederation U
• The Great Awakening U
• Albany Congress: intercolonial congress–7 delegates U
***Salutary Neglect***
Stamp Act Congress U
Local Committees of Correspondence U/P
1st Continental Congress U/P
Enlightenment thinkers
Mercantilism: Wealth = Power
• Navigation Laws
– Import raw materials from the colonies to Britain.
Then colonists purchase products from Britain.
– Export more than they import.
• Balance of Trade
Molasses Act of 1733: 6 pence tax on foreign
molasses (non-British colonies). Never effectively
collected due to smuggling (fish and farm products to
French islands but high tariff on import of French
molasses)
Colonial Responsibilities to England
1. Americans expected to keep
British navy supreme by supplying
ships, ship stores, sailors, and
trading
2. Colonists discouraged from buying
anything but British goods
3. To continue growing cash crops
(tobacco and sugar) so England
wouldn’t have to import these
products from foreigners
Acts of Parliament
• Lord George Grenville: Chancellor of
Exchequer (treasury) and Prime
Minister
• Proclamation of 1763: Prohibited
settlement west of Appalachian
Mts.
• Sugar Act 1764: 1st law passed that
raised tax revenues in the colonies
for the crown. Increased duty on
foreign sugar imported from West
Indies to raise revenue for Britain.
• Quartering Act 1765: Required
colonies to provide food and
quarters for British troops.
Sugar Act Quote
• "it is expedient that new provisions and
regulations should be established for
improving the revenue of this Kingdom
... and ... it is just and necessary that a
revenue should be raised ... for defraying
the expenses of defending, protecting,
and securing the same."
Acts of Parliament (cont)
• Stamp Act 1765: Stamped paper certifies payment of
tax on certain commercial and legal documents.
• 1765 Stamp Act Congress: Met to discuss Stamp Act
– Non-importation agreements against British goods
– Sons and Daughters of Liberty (Protest): Harassed
officials and those who didn’t comply with non-importation
agreements.
• Declaratory Act of 1766: Parliament declared right to
make laws for the colonies in all cases.
• 1767 Townshend Acts: Import duty on glass, lead,
paper, paint, tea.
• Repeal of Townshend —Lord Frederick North
persuaded Parliament to repeal Townshend duties,
except on TEA.
Conflict in Boston
• Mar 5, 1770 Boston Massacre:
60 townspeople taunting 10
redcoats. Redcoats fired - killed 5,
wounded 6 people.
-3 year period of trouble
• Monopoly on tea given to the
British East India Company:
Colonists forced to pay tea tax.
• Boston Tea Party: Dec 16, 1773:
Dressed as Indians & dumped tea
into Boston Harbor
“Intolerable Acts” (Coercive Acts)
•
Response to Boston Tea Party Parliament
passed:
1. Restrictions on town meetings
2. Boston Port Act: Closed port until damages paid
3. New Quartering Act: Local authorities power to
house soldiers anywhere
4. Quebec Act 1774: 60,000 French subjects in Canada
- free practice of Catholicism and expansion of
territory.
Colonists called these the Intolerable Acts!
Colonial Resistance to “Intolerable” Acts
• Non-importation agreements: boycott purchase of
British goods
• Smuggling
• Samuel Adams 1772: Establishment of local
committees of correspondence - exchanged ideas
and information. Rallied for opposition on common
causes and established plans for collective action.
Later inter-colonial committees were started.
Greatly helped unite their actions.
• Protests
• Harass govt officials and Redcoats
• 1774: First Continental Congress called
Unification: First Continental Congress 1774
– 12 of 13 Colonies met (not GA) in
response to Intolerable Acts
– Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry,
John Adams, George Washington
– Made a list of rights & grievances
– Drafted document: Declaration of
Colonial Rights
– The Association: complete
boycott of British goods
– Congress ignored by Parliament
– Decision to meet at the 2nd
Continental Congress in 1775
Declaration of Colonial Rights
• Document: colonists listed rights that were
being denied them as Englishmen.
• Colonists cite their opposition to Stamp,
Townshend & Coercive Acts
CH 7 TMWK
9. Cartoon Pg 149: What is the political cartoon
depicting?
10. Which side is the cartoonist on and why?
11. Picture Pg 154: What important role did
Benjamin Franklin play in the American
Revolution?
12. Picture Pg 157: Name one example how
Native Americans aided the British during the
war?
Red Coats vs. Patriots
• British Strengths
– Navy
– Population
– Professional Army of
50,000
– $$$
– Mercenaries (Hessians)
– Loyalists
• British Weaknesses
– Split Forces
– Had to Win
– Distance
• Colonial Strengths
– Leadership
– Defense
– Revolutionary Zeal
– Help by France,
Spain, Holland
– Knew the terrain
• Colonial Weaknesses
– Poorly Organized
– Inflation
– Deserters
– Supplies