Objective: I can evaluate how the
consequences of World War I set the stage
for the rise of totalitarianism and
aggressive Axis expansion.
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War-guilt clause: blamed Germany for
causing the war
Reparations: Germany was required to pay
for the war to the allies
Germany lost its colonies and also lost land to
France and Poland.
Germany’s air force was eliminated, and its
army and navy were reduced to small,
defensive forces--Disarmament
Middle East
 Iraq, Palestine, Syria, Lebanon,
and Jordan (formed from the old
Ottoman Empire) became
mandates of Britain and France.
 Mandates are colonies
recognized by the League of
Nations.
 The United States did not sign the
treaty—weakens the League of
Nations.
 Instead, for years the United States
took an isolationist stand.
 The United States avoided foreign
commitments.
The Treaty of Versailles
embittered the German
people.
Embittered=Bitter/Resentful
 The German people especially
resented the war-guilt clause
and the obligation to pay
reparations.
 Obligation=Requirement
 Reparations=War Payments