Junior Cert History. 3rd Year
•EUROPE AFTER WWI
•The Legacy of World War 1
• 11
of 11 of 11 of 1918
• Death and damage
• Downfall of Empires
• New states (Yugoslavia Czechoslovakia)
• Rise of USA
• Rise of Communism in USSR
•Treaty of Versailles
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USA GB France and Italy. Wilson, George,
Clemenceau, Orlando.
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14 Point Plan = League of Nations.
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No choice for Weimar Gov.(Germans)
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Unfair? War guilt clause a cause of WW2?
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Demilitarisation of Rhineland
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100000 limit on army.
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No subs or aircraft. Small navy.
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Anschluss forbidden
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£6.6 billion in gold to be paid to allies.
•League of Nations
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To achieve peace by making each member responsible for each
other’s security.
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Assembly (all countries represented, one vote, unanimous)
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Council of Ministers (unanimous, main decisions)
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Secretariat
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International Court of Justice
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Failed because:
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Unanimous votes needed
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No army
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USA did not join. Germany and Russia for a short time.
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Success in minor dispute between Finland and Sweden
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Failures: Japan in China; Italy in Abyssinia; Hitler and Versailles
•Dictatorship and Democracy
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Dictatorship: One man or party;
control of press; no freedom of
speech; secret police; no
freedom of the individual.
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Democracy: Multi-party
system. Regular elections.
Freedom of speech. Rights for
individuals under the law.
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Communist Dictatorship
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Karl Marx.
Abolish private property and profit.
Revolution.
State ownership.
No religion.
1917 Lenin (October Revolution)
1924 Stalin takes over. Five year
plans to industrialise Russia (now
USSR)
Powerful country.
Millions died in Stalin’s “purges”
•Fascist dictatorship
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Anti-Communist
Extreme nationalism
Racism
Hostility to democracy
Cult of the leader
Use of violence to get power