Westward Expansion/Indian
Removal
SS8H5
Creeks
• a loose “confederation” of many
tribes
• Lived in the southeastern region
of Georgia
• Traded and intermarried with
Georgians
• Treaty of New York= Creeks gave
up land East of Mississippi River
• Against slavery
Red Stick War
• Civil War between “Red Sticks” and “White
Sticks”
• White Sticks= sided with Georgians
• Red Sticks= hostile towards Georgians
• General Andrew Jackson helped to defeat Red
Sticks at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend
• Lost 22million acres of land (the rest was sold
to GA by Chief William McIntosh)
William McIntosh
• Creek Chief (Creek and
Scottish)
• Took at bribe from US
Gov’t and sold Creek
land (Second Treaty of
Indian Springs)
• Was executed by Creeks
in his own home for
selling the land
Alexander McGillivray
• Creek Chief (Creek and Scottish)
• Signed many treaties with GA and the US to
try to keep Creek land and maintain peace
Cherokee
• Lived in North Georgia
• Transformed their culture to mimic US
• Had a written language, newspaper, and
constitution
• Had slavery and plantations
• Eventually removed from land due to gold
found in Dahlonega (Trail of Tears)
Sequoyah
• A.K.A George Gist
• Rejected US society and
way of life
• Created Cherokee
Syllabary: Cherokee
written alphabet/language
• 1st Cherokee Newspaper:
Cherokee Phoenix
Cherokee Phoenix
John Ross
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Principal chief of Cherokee Tribe
Mixed heritage
Successful businessman and plantation owner
Fought against removal of Cherokee from GA
Worcester v. Georgia
• Worcester v. Georgia (1832).
– Chief Justice Marshall’s Supreme Court sided
with the Cherokees. (disagreed with President
Jackson)
– Ruled Indian tribes had authority over their
own lands, Georgia had no right to extend
state laws over Indian territory.
– Result: Missionaries living on Cherokee land
did not have to say “oath of allegiance” to the
US Gov’t