Organisms use energy to carry out life processes
Life processes – things an organism must do to
stay alive.
WHAT ARE SOME LIFE PROCESSES THAT OCCUR IN
LIVING THINGS?
1.
Ingestion
2.
Digestion
3. Excretion
4. Transport
iii. Ingestion - process of taking in food
Living things need food because it gives them
nutrients
Nutrients – chemical substances that are needed
for growth and energy
Examples of nutrients?
How do you think plants get nutrients?
Digestion – process of breaking down
food so that it can be used by living
things
Food needs to be broken down during
digestion before the organism can use
the nutrients!
Can you identify the digestive
organs in your body?
Cellular respiration – process by which a cell releases
energy (ATP) from food molecules (glucose) for the
organism to use.
-occurs in the mitochondria of cells
-Food is originally in the form of sugars! (glucose)
-Sugars are broken down while energy is released
Byproducts – something produced in addition to the
main product.
What are the byproducts of cellular respiration?
byproducts = carbon dioxide + water
Excretion – process of getting
rid of wastes.
-excretion & defication
Waste products (all different types) are formed
during life processes.
Organisms must get rid of the waste!
What are some waste products?
Transport – process of moving nutrients and
wastes in a living thing
-After digesting food (in the intestines) the
nutrients must be carried to all parts of the
living thing to be utilized.
How do nutrients get carried throughout the body?
-by the blood
-by diffusion into and out of cells
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Stimulus – a change that causes a response
Organisms respond to stimuli in different
ways.
The way organisms respond to stimuli is called
behavior.
Behaviors can be:
-Learned behaviors -
-Instinct behaviors -
Migration- seasonal movements of animals from
one place to another (warmer or safer) and
back
Hibernation- inactive state of some
animals during winter months (ex.
Bear)
Use the behaviors shown below and create a list of
instinctive behaviors and a list of learned
behaviors.
Laughing
Playing piano
Washing your hands
Buttoning your shirt
Blinking your eyes
A plant turning to face the
sun
Your heart pumping
Cooking dinner
Breathing
Responses to Stimuli are like Cause and Effect
Relationships
Stimulus = Cause
Response = Effect
Example: The boy laughed after hearing a
funny joke.
Example: The boy laughed after hearing a funny
joke.