Social Studies 20-1
Nationalism
Related Issue I: To what extent should nation be the foundation
of identity?
Chapter 3: How can Nationalism Develop?
Chapter Inquiry Questions:
• How did nationalism develop in France?
• How did Napoleon contribute to French nationalism?
• How has nationalism developed in recent times?
French Revolution Overview
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X1_2NwmIobU
Nationalism and the French
Revolution
How did Nationalism Develop in France?
[Why did the French people unite as a nation?]
[How did feelings of nationalism build among these people?]
[How did they express their feelings of nationalism?]
Historical and Social Factors that Shaped
French Nationalism
• Identity?
• How might a member
of the 3rd Estate feel
about members of the
other Estates?
• To what extent might
the members of all
three estates have
shared a collective
identity?
King
1st Estate: the
Roman
Catholic Clergy
Ancien Régime: the
political and social
system in place prior to
the French Revolution
2nd Estate: the nobility
3rd Estate: serfs/peasants, merchants
(bourgeoisie), and artisans/workers
Historical and Social Factors that Shaped
French Nationalism (cont’d)
• 1539: Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts
• How can the adoption of an official language affect the identity of a nation?
How is language related to the identity of a people?
• Age of Enlightenment writers: Montesquie, Voltaire, and Rousseau (p. 55),
influenced the French Revolution. How so?
Historical and Social Factors that Shaped
French Nationalism (cont’d)
• Bourgeoisie were tired of the old regime and demanded change
• Increase in education and literacy  Resentment towards the arrogance of
the First and Second Estates, heavy taxes they were forced to pay while being
excluded from privileges, being dictated to by the clergy and nobility
• Some members of the 1st and 2nd Estates also encouraged changes to the
outdated political structure
• Forms of changes and how they were enacted were pivotal to the conflicts
during the French Revolution
Historical and Social Factors that Shaped
French Nationalism (cont’d)
• By 1789, France was MASSIVELY in debt because of the wars waged by
Louis XV and Louis XVI
• Who shouldered the majority of this burden?
• Leading up to Revolution, there were rumours of unemployment and
scarcity of food
• Further resentment grew
How did Nationalism Develop during the
French Revolution?
• Questioning of the absolute power of the king. What caused this?
• Inspired by ideas of the philosophes that challenged the nature of the old regime, as
well as the recent revolution in the USA
• Overpowered, the Bourgeoisie reflected 90% of the population. They wanted a
voice that represented their numbers (legally, economically, politically)
• Why might the Third Estate be unhappy with this distribution of power?
• What would the distribution of power look like if power were distributed based on
population?
Ideas and Opinions
• Turn to page 59 and read the respected quotations from the Cahiers de
doléances (Books of grievances)
• Examine the quotations and identify what the members of each estate share
as common goals and complaints for France
• Go!
Timeline: French Revolution
• How did political change to the social structure lead to the development of
nationalism in France?
• How did the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
demonstrate a shift in the identities of members of each estate?
• How did the shift in the political power from an absolute monarchy to a
democracy shape nationalism in France?
French Nationalism during the
Napoleonic Era
How did Napoleon Contribute to French Nationalism?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t05O-iVx2R8
Naploeon Bonaparte
In what ways did Napoleon affect the nationalism of the French people after
the French Revolution?
In what ways did Napoleon’s reforms contribute to uniting the people of
France as a nation?
Explore the Issue…
(p. 67)
In what ways can the development of nationalism be shaped by changing
social, political, and economic conditions? Use the French Revolution and
Napoleon’s reign to support your answer.
A Contemporary Example of
Nationalism
How has nationalism developed in recent times?
Kosovo: An Independent State
• Turn to page 68 and work your way through the case study
• Remember to respond to the questions on page 70