Chapter 8
Securing Information
Systems
8.1
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Analyze why information systems need special
protection from destruction, error, and abuse.
• Assess the business value of security and control.
• Design an organizational framework for security and
control.
• Evaluate the most important tools and technologies
for safeguarding information resources.
8.2
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
Phishing: A Costly New Sport for Internet Users
• Problem: Large number of vulnerable users of online
•
•
•
•
8.3
financial services, ease of creating bogus Web sites.
Solutions: Deploy anti-phishing software and
services and a multilevel authentication system to
identify threats and reduce phishing attempts.
Deploying new tools, technologies, and security
procedures, along with educating consumers,
increases reliability and customer confidence.
Demonstrates IT’s role in combating cyber crime.
Illustrates digital technology as part of a multilevel
solution as well as its limitations in overcoming
discouraged consumers.
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
SYSTEM VULNERABILITY AND ABUSE
Why Systems Are Vulnerable
Contemporary Security Challenges and Vulnerabilities
8.4
Figure 8-1
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
SYSTEM VULNERABILITY AND ABUSE
Why Systems Are Vulnerable (Continued)
Internet Vulnerabilities:
• Use of fixed Internet addresses through use of
cable modems or DSL
• Lack of encryption with most Voice over IP (VoIP)
• Widespread use of e-mail and instant messaging
(IM)
8.5
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
SYSTEM VULNERABILITY AND ABUSE
Wireless Security Challenges:
• Radio frequency bands are easy to scan
• The service set identifiers (SSID) identifying the
access points broadcast multiple times
8.6
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
SYSTEM VULNERABILITY AND ABUSE
Malicious Software: Viruses, Worms, and Spyware
Hackers and Cybervandalism
• Computer viruses, worms,
• Spyware
• Identity theft, phishing, pharming
• Cyberterrorism and Cyberwarfare
• Vulnerabilities from internal threats (employees);
software flaws
8.7
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
BUSINESS VALUE OF SECURITY AND CONTROL
• Inadequate security and control may create serious
legal liability.
• Businesses must protect not only their own information
assets but also those of customers, employees, and
business partners. Failure to do so can lead to costly
litigation for data exposure or theft.
• A sound security and control framework that protects
business information assets can thus produce a high
return on investment.
8.8
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
ESTABLISHING A MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR
SECURITY AND CONTROL
Types of Information Systems Controls
General controls:
• Software and hardware
• Computer operations
• Data security
• Systems implementation process
8.9
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
ESTABLISHING A MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR
SECURITY AND CONTROL
Application controls:
• Input
• Processing
• Output
8.10
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 10 Security and Control
ESTABLISHING A MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR
SECURITY AND CONTROL
Security Profiles for a Personnel System
8.11
Figure 8-4
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
ESTABLISHING A MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR
SECURITY AND CONTROL
Ensuring Business Continuity
• Disaster recovery planning: Plans for restoration of
computing and communications disrupted by an
event such as an earthquake, flood, or terrorist
attack
• Business continuity planning: Plans for handling
mission-critical functions if systems go down
8.12
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Access Control
Access control: Consists of all the policies and
procedures a company uses to prevent improper access
to systems by unauthorized insiders and outsiders
Authentication:
• Passwords
• Biometric authentication
8.13
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Firewalls, Intrusion Detection Systems, and
Antivirus Software
• Firewalls: Hardware and software controlling flow of
incoming and outgoing network traffic
• Intrusion detection systems: Full-time monitoring
tools placed at the most vulnerable points of
corporate networks to detect and deter intruders
8.14
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Firewalls, Intrusion Detection Systems, and
Antivirus Software (Continued)
• Antivirus software: Software that checks computer
systems and drives for the presence of computer
viruses and can eliminate the virus from the infected
area
8.15
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 10 Security and ContrChapter 8 Securing Information Systems
ol
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
A Corporate Firewall
8.16
Figure 8-6
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Encryption and Public Key Infrastructure
• Public key encryption: Uses two different keys, one
private and one public. The keys are mathematically
related so that data encrypted with one key can be
decrypted using only the other key
• Message integrity: The ability to be certain that the
message being sent arrives at the proper destination
without being copied or changed
8.17
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Encryption and Public Key Infrastructure
(Continued)
• Digital signature: A digital code attached to an
electronically transmitted message that is used to
verify the origin and contents of a message
8.18
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Encryption and Public Key Infrastructure
(Continued)
• Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and its successor
Transport Layer Security (TLS): protocols for secure
information transfer over the Internet; enable client
and server computer encryption and decryption
activities as they communicate during a secure Web
session.
• Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (S-HTTP): used for
encrypting data flowing over the Internet; limited to
Web documents, whereas SSL and TLS encrypt all
data being passed between client and server.
8.19
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL
Public Key Encryption
8.20
Figure 8-7
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems
Systems Vulnerability and Abuse
Worldwide Damage from Digital Attacks
This chart shows estimates of the average annual worldwide damage from hacking, malware, and spam since 1999.
These data are based on figures from mi2G and the authors.
Figure 8-3
8.21
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