Change In The US As A Result of Land Acquisitions Economic Differences and Expansion Lead to Conflict • Beginning with the purchase of the Louisiana Territory the precedent was set for future land acquisitions • Jefferson secured control of the Mississippi River for transportation that allowed the west to expand • It also created more government owned land available for purchase by settlers Democracy Spreads As New Territories Become States • It allowed more men to be able to vote • Qualifications to vote changed Andrew Jackson Elected President • First to be elected from the West • A democrat • First to be nominated in a national nominating convention • Favored the “spoils system” which allowed men to be appointed to government positions as a reward for their support but he argued it allowed more people to be a part of the government • He was a man most common men could relate with Voting Requirements in the Early 19c Voter Turnout: 1820 1860 • More men were becoming property owners • Many states dropped the property requirement for being eligible to vote • All white males could now vote • Some African Americans who owned land were even allowed to vote. Andrew Jackson as President Who Backed Him? • The planter elite in the South • People on the frontier • State politicians (because of the spoils system) • Immigrants in the city • The “Common Man” 1832 Tariff Conflict 1828 --> “Tariff of Abomination” 1832 --> new tariff South Carolina’s reaction? Refused to pay it Jackson’s response? Threatened federal force Clay’s “Compromise” Tariff? • South Carolina responded by taking back their nullification of the tariff BUT not the right of a state to nullify an act of Congress • Significance – The immediate threat to the Union was averted. Indian Removal Jackson’s Goal? 1830 Indian Removal Act Cherokee Nation v. GA (1831) * “domestic dependent nation” Worcester v. GA (1832) Jackson: John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it! The Cherokee Nation After 1820 Indian Removal Trail of Tears (18381839) 3- Sectional Differences NORTHEAST Economy Leader __________ Role of Government •Business and Manufacturing •Daniel Webster ____________ •Wanted Tariffs •Backed internal improvements •Wanted end to cheap public land •Increasingly nationalistic •Against Slavery and believed the U.S. Govt. must abolish it. SOUTH Economy Leader __________ Role of Government •Cotton growing •John C. Calhoun _____________ •Opposed tariffs and government spending on American System •Increasingly supportive of states’ rights •Pro-slavery and opposed any steps of the U.S. Govt. to try and abolish it. WEST Economy Leader __________ Role of Government •Frontier agriculture •Henry Clay _____________ •Supported internal improvements •Wanted cheap land •Loyal to the U.S. Govt. •Against slavery but some supported letting the people decide the slavery issue ALL OF THESE THINGS ALONG WITH DISAGREEMENTS OVER THE EXPANSION OF THE INSTITUTION OF SLAVERY WOULD ULTIMATELY THREATEN NATIONAL UNITY IN THE CIVIL WAR