Notes on Effects of the Civil War and Reconstruction
EFFECTS OF THE CIVIL WAR
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620,000 total soldiers killed
Huge increase in federal government’s power
Economic gap between N and S widens (war is good for N and devastating for S)
Revolution in warfare (last old fashioned war, first modern war—rifle, new bullets, iron clad ships)
13th Amendment NO SLAVERY (1865)
Lincoln assassinated 5 days after the surrender
RECONSTRUCTION
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Two goals:
o Must help former slaves adjust to freedom
o Must somehow bring Confederate States back into the Union
Lincoln’s Plan (Lenient—not too strict)
o Pardon all Confederates who swore allegiance to Union (except some military men)
o Once 10% had done so, their state could rejoin the Union
Radical Republicans (Stricter)
o Wanted to destroy political power of former slaveholders, and wanted African Americans to be given full
citizenship and the vote
Johnson’s Plan
o Similar to Lincoln’s plan—All states return to the Union
o Vetoed the Freedman’s Bureau Act and the Civil Rights Act created by Congress
Congressional Reconstruction
o Try to get Congress in control of Reconstruction instead of the President
o Overrode presidential veto of Freedman’s Bureau and Civil Rights Act
o 14th Amendment (makes African Americans citizens)
o 15th Amendment (gives all men the right to vote)
African Americans
o Founded their own churches, fully controlled by African Americans. Ministers important politically
o Education required for former slaves to become economically self-sufficient
o Reunite with family and find jobs
o Voting and holding office
o 40 acres and a mule?
o Sharecropping
o KKK—opposition to Reconstruction and black rights
Notes on Effects of the Civil War and Reconstruction
EFFECTS OF THE CIVIL WAR
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_______________________ total soldiers killed
Huge increase in __________________________ power
Economic gap between N and S ________________ (war is ________ for N and _____________________ for S)
Revolution in warfare (_________ old fashioned war, _________ modern war—rifle, new bullets, iron clad ships)
13th Amendment _____________________________________(1865)
_______________________ assassinated 5 days after the surrender
RECONSTRUCTION
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Two goals:
o Must help _________________________ adjust to freedom
o Must somehow bring ____________________________________ back into the Union
Lincoln’s Plan (_____________________—not too strict)
o Pardon all Confederates who swore ________________________ to Union (except some military men)
o Once_______________ had done so, their state could rejoin the Union
_______________ Republicans (Stricter)
o Wanted to __________________ political power of former slaveholders, and wanted African Americans
to be given __________________________ and the _____________
Johnson’s Plan
o Similar to _____________________ plan—All states return to the Union
o ___________________ the Freedman’s Bureau Act and the Civil Rights Act created by Congress
Congressional Reconstruction
o Try to get ________________________ in control of Reconstruction instead of the President
o ______________________ presidential veto of Freedman’s Bureau and Civil Rights Act
o _______ Amendment (makes African Americans citizens)
o _______ Amendment (gives all men the right to vote)
African Americans
o Founded their own ____________, fully controlled by African Americans. Ministers important politically
o ________________________ required for former slaves to become economically self-sufficient
o Reunite with __________________ and find jobs
o Voting and ________________________
o __________ acres and a mule?
o Sharecropping
o __________________—opposition to Reconstruction and black rights