APUSH Chapter 2
Transplantations & Borderlands
How and why Europeans came to the new world, the struggles of a
new way of life, and a new culture takes shape.
Summary
After the turmoil of the late seventeenth century had subsided it became evident that the English-American colonies and
the colonists who populated them were beginning to develop characteristics that were distinctly "American." Although
still essentially transplanted English subjects and still greatly influenced by European ideas and institutions the colonists
were also diverse, aggressive, and as concerned with their own success as with that of the empire of which they were
part. New sources of wealth and new patterns of trade shaped the growth of the colonies and new immigrants not always
from England added a dimension unknown in the mother country. Although differences in geography, economy, and
population gave each colony its own particular character and problems there remained many common concerns, not the
least of which, was how to deal with or avoid dealing with British mercantile restrictions. In short between 1700 and
1750 Britain's American colonies began to show signs of being both English and American; they were indeed
"different.”
Chapter Themes—the big ideas of the chapter
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
European Colonialism in the New World
Native American Relations
Mercantilism
Labor in the New World (indentured servants/slaves/difference of New World labor force)
Colonial Sectionalism
Chapter Objectives—analysis you must master
1. The differences between the Jamestown and Plymouth colonies in terms of origins, objectives, type of
settlers, early problems, and reasons for success.
2. The causes and significance of Bacon's Rebellion.
3. The settlement of England's Caribbean colonies and why these provinces were significant.
4. The background of the Massachusetts Bay colony and its founders the Puritans.
5. The early economic, religious, and political factors in the colonies that produced sectional differences.
6. The effect of the Glorious Revolution on the development of the American colonies.
Terms—people, places, events, and ideas you should know
Jamestown
John Smith
The Starving Time
Tobacco Economy
The Headright System
The Virginia Company
Proprietary Colony
Royal Colony
Bacon’s Rebellion
Religious Repression
Plymouth Plantation
The Mayflower Compact
William Bradford
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Puritans
John Winthrop
Theocratic Society
Roger Williams
Ann Hutchinson
The Pequot War
King Philip’s War
Restoration Colonies
Quakers
The Society of Friends
William Penn
Charter of Liberties
Mercantilism
The Navigation Acts
King Philip’s War
Restoration Colonies
The Glorious Revolution
APUSH Chapter 3
Society and Culture in Provincial America
Summary
How European Colonists began to think of themselves and then
distinguish themselves as a culture different of that of Europe.
During the seventeenth century colonies were established in British North America and the colonists began to
perceive themselves as a hybrid breed. Before 1660 most colonies began as private ventures (with charters
from the king) but the motives that brought them into being were as varied as the sociopolitical systems they
developed. After 1660 proprietary colonies became the norm and charters indicated a closer tie between the
"owners" of a colony and the king who granted the charter. As a result of this colonization effort by the 1680s
England had an unbroken string of provinces stretching from Canada to the Savannah River as well as a
number of island provinces in the Caribbean. As the colonies matured their inhabitants began to exhibit an
interest in exercising control over local affairs and an independence of interests that eventually led to trouble
and confusion on both sides of the Atlantic. The problem was that at the very time that the colonists were
developing distinctly American attitudes and institutions England fully aware of the potential of its colonies
began to tighten control over its possessions.
Chapter Themes—the big ideas of the chapter
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
North/South Colonial Differences (Sectionalism Continued)
Diversity of Colonists
Developing American Economic System
Religion in the New World
Technological Innovation
Chapter Objectives—analysis you must master
1. The sources of colonial labor including indentured servants women and imported Africans.
2. Immigration patterns and their effect on colonial development.
3. The ways in which soil and climate determined the commercial and agricultural development of the
colonies despite English attempts to influence production.
4. The emergence of the plantation system and its impact on southern society.
5. The New England “witchcraft episode” as a reflection of Puritan society.
6. The reasons for the appearance of a variety of religious sects in the colonies and the effect of the Great
Awakening on the colonists.
7. The beginnings of colonial industry and commerce and the early attempts at regulation by Parliament.
8. The ways in which colonial literature education science law and justice were diverging from their English
antecedents.
Terms—people, places, events, and ideas you should know
Indentured Servants
Midwife
Patriarchy
The Middle Passage
Huguenots and the
Pennsylvania Dutch
Cash Crops
Indigo and Tobacco
Triangle Trade
Consumerism
Social Mobility
Plantation
Stono Rebellion
Salem Witch Trials
Anti-Catholicism
Jeremiads
The Great Awakening
Merchant Class
The Enlightenment
Smallpox Inoculation
APUSH Chapter 4
Empire in Transition
Summary
How Great Britain Lost Control of the American Colonies Through
War, Oppression, and Neglect.
Despite a number of disagreements by 1763 Anglo-American ties seemed stronger than ever. The colonies had prospered
under British rule had developed local institutions through which they seemed to govern themselves and finally with the
defeat of France appeared ready to expand into the heart of the continent. However no sooner was the war ended than
the British began to alter the pre-1763 system in an effort to make it more efficient and more responsive to control from
London. The means chosen to do this (enforced regulations to end the illegal trade that had flourished under salutary
neglect plus taxation to pay for the colonial administration) were seen in the colonies as threats to the way of life they
had come to accept as rightfully theirs. Rising in protest the colonies faced a British government determined to assert its
authority and with neither side willing to give in the cycle of action and reaction continued. Finally spurred on by a
propaganda campaign that characterized the mother country as a tyrant determined to bring America to its knees the
colonies acted. The Intolerable Acts proved the final straw and in September 1774 twelve British provinces met in a
Continental Congress in hopes that a united front would cause London to reconsider and that conflict would be avoided.
But it did not work and in the spring fighting occurred at Lexington and Concord. Although independence was not yet
declared the American Revolution had begun.
Chapter Themes—the big ideas of the chapter
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
North American and British Differences
Colonial War in North America
North American Organizational Resistance to British Policies
Attempts of Britain to Control and Profit from the New World
Organized Rebellion and Early forms of Government
Chapter Objectives—analysis you must master
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
The differences between colonial Americans & the British government that resulted in a clash of interests.
The colonial attitudes toward England and before the French and Indian War.
The causes of the French and Indian War and the reasons for the French defeat.
The effects of the war on American colonists.
The options for dealing with the colonies available to the British in 1763 and the reasons for adopting the
policies that they chose to implement.
The importance of the series of crises from the Sugar Act through the Coercive Acts and how each crisis
changed colonial attitudes toward the mother country.
The change in American attitudes toward Parliament, the English and the king.
What slogans such as "No taxation without representation" really meant.
The significance of the convening of the First Continental Congress and what it accomplished.
Terms—people, places, events, and ideas you should know
Salutatory Neglect
The Albany Plan
New France
“Join or Die”
The Iroquois Confederacy
French and Indian War
William Pitt
Siege of Quebec
Peace of Paris
Imperialism
Proclamation of 1763
White Encroachment
Sugar Act
Currency Act
Stamp Act
Paxton Boys
Regulator Movement
Sons of Liberty
The Townsend Program
Mutiny Act
Colonial Boycotts
The Boston Massacre
Samuel Adams
The Tea Act
Boston Tea Party
Coercive Act
First Continental Congress
Lexington and Concord
APUSH Chapter 5
The American Revolution
Summary
How America Fought the Most Powerful Empire on the Earth, won,
and Created a New Form of Government in the process.
Between 1775 and 1787 Americans struggled to win a war make a peace and create ideologically sound stable
governments on both the state and the national levels. By the end of the era there was little doubt that they had
accomplished the first two of their goals but serious questions were being raised concerning the success of the last.
Despite problems that would have stopped lesser men George Washington and his army had been able to successfully
keep the British at bay winning when they could and losing as seldom as possible. Meanwhile the Continental Congress
blessed with some remarkable diplomats maintained a foreign policy the success of which can be seen in the FrancoAmerican alliance of 1778 and the Treaty of Paris of 1783. But once the war ended the government that the British
threat had held together found that its member states' unwillingness to centralize power created more problems than it
solved. Economic dislocation exemplified by Daniel Shays and his followers plagued the nation as many thoughtful men
searched for a way to transform Revolutionary rhetoric into reality and to restore order without sacrificing liberty.
Chapter Themes—the big ideas of the chapter
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Uniting the Colonies—The Articles of Confederation
The American Revolutionary War and How it was Fought
Impact of International Affairs on the War
A Change in Political and Social Ideology in America
The Creation of a National Government
Chapter Objectives—analysis you must master
1. American war aims and the problems experienced by the Revolutionary governments in carrying on a
protracted war.
2. The aim of the Declaration of Independence, the reasons for its issuance, and its influence throughout
the world since 1776.
3. The indispensable contributions of George Washington to the successful outcome of the Revolution.
4. The diplomatic triumph for American negotiators embodied in the Treaty of Paris.
5. The features of the Articles of Confederation and the reasons for its creation.
6. The problems faced by the government under the Articles of Confederation and how they were
addressed.
Terms—people, places, events, and ideas you should know
The Olive Branch Petition
Thomas Paine
“Common Sense”
The Declaration of
Independence
Thomas Jefferson
Articles of Confederation
George Washington
Militia
Continental War/Regulars
The Battle of Bunker Hill
Invasion of Canada
Battle of Saratoga
Nathanael Greene
The Battle of Yorktown
Treaty of Paris
British Loyalists
Civic Virtue
The Articles of Confederation
The Ordinances of 1784-85
The Grid
Norwest Ordinance
Battle of Fallen Timbers
Postwar Depression
Shay’s Rebellion
Federal Government
Colonial/Local
Government