AMPHIBIANS
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Animals with a backbone
Phylum Chordata
• Classes:
– Amphibia
– Reptilia
– Aves
– Fish
– Mammalia
General Characteristics
• It is an animal in
Kingdom Animalia,
Phylum Chordata,
Class Amphibia
• Most lay eggs in
WATER.
• It is an ECTOTHERM
– body temperature is
determined by
environment
(opposite =
Endotherm)
Salamander vs. Newt
Which one is an amphibian?
What’s the difference?
• Toad vs. Frog
Digestive System
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Mouth – break down of food
Gullet
Esophagus
Stomach – break down of food
Small intestine – food is
digested and absorbed
Liver makes bile; gall bladder
stores bile
Pancreas secretes enzymes to
break down food
Large intestine – water is
absorbed
Cloaca – excretes exit
Digestive System
• Accessory organs
help to digest food
• Liver – makes bile
• Gall bladder – stores
bile
• Pancreas – secretes
enzymes to help with
digestion
Excretory System
• Kidneys – remove
toxins from blood
• Toxins travel through
the ureter (tube) until
it reaches the
bladder.
• Bladder holds the
urine until it is
excreted through the
cloaca.
Let’s take a look at Humans…
• 4 chambered heart
• Very efficient
• Let’s label…
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Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Right Atria
Left Atria
Aorta
To lungs (not oxygenated)
From lungs (oxygenated)
To body (oxygenated)
From body (not oxygenated)
Cardiovascular System
• Frogs have a 3
chambered heart
• Consisting of 2 atria
and 1 ventricle.
• Lungs help to
oxygenate the blood
and also take out
carbon dioxide
Respiratory System
• Begin their lives with
gills and most end
their lives with lungs.
• Some can breathe
through their skin –
their skin is
permeable (allowing
materials to flow in
the frog to out of frog)
• So…how does the
oxygen get in our
blood?
Life Cycle
• Begin life as an Egg
mass (Eggs are
Moist, not Hard)
• Go through
Metamorphosis
• Egg to Tadpole to
Tadpole frog to
Young frog to Adult
frog
• External Fertilization
Importance
• Amphibians help us to
monitor the
environment
• Check the handout for
more information
Frog Malformations