(Judaism Scroll)
Tucker Boyce, Jacob Saban, Jeffrey Jenkins
(Israel)
PIRATES Introduction
- The religion of Judaism was founded in
the Middle East, and it mainly affected
the country of Israel.
 - The country went through different time
periods, so those are usually
distinguished between in the analysis of
the civilization.

(Israel Desert)

Politics
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- Original story says Abraham moved from Ur to Harran
then to Canaan, a land thought to be promised to the
Jews by God—this helped him move people and establish
an authority over them.
- Version in the Hebrew Bible: Israelites led from the
captive state. They spent some 40 years living in the
desert. They devoted to a stern god there. A type of
covenant was made with God that said that they would be
the chosen people if they worshiped him. This is where
Moses went up on Mt. Sinai and came down with tablets,
on them the 10 Commandments.
- In the land of Canaan, the people were put into 12 tribes
 a. Each occupied part of the country
 b. Leaders of each=minimal powers, settling disputes
 c. Certain people were named judges and had a special place.
(Early Israel Cities)
Politics
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- A stronger leader, Samuel, saw the need for more
authority and put Saul in as the 1st king of Israel.
- Throne was then given to David, who saw the
transition to a monarchy—starting Jerusalem. There,
a census was used, as well as an army. This helped
David. His son Solomon was next.
- Solomon was the golden age.
- AFTER SOLOMON’S DEATH IN 920 B.C.E., the
Kingdom was split because of various problems:
Israel in the North, Judah in the South. This
time=final formulation of monotheism. After periods
of struggle, the people came out with the core belief
in one God, Yahweh.
(Jewish Temple)
Intellectual
(Abraham)
- Hebrew language—Semetic language,
closely related to Phoenician and Aramic.
Affinity signifies ethnic relationships with
Israel’s neighboring peoples.
 - Early Hebrew was from a Phoenician
script. It was the language of early Jews,
but started to get replaces around 586
B.C.E.
 - 70 A.D.: system of Hebrew was only used
for intellectual functions, not as a spoken
(First written Record)
language

Religion/Architecture
- Shifted from a desert god to the
(Early Jewish Temple)
present-day form of monotheism.
 - The church itself kind of created class
differences, because priests and others
were appointed under the system.
 - In Canaan, citizens carved non-porous
rock and made terraces to cultivate.
 - Solomon built with slaves, and built the
First Temple—central place of worship

Technology/Economy

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- Under King Solomon (, he and King Hiram both
commissioned a ship for trade and brought back
many things from the Red Sea, including gold and
jewels.
Reign of Solomon was 960-920 B.C.E.
- The technology used in the ships and how the
country approached trade and relations powered its
economic base.
Terracing hillsides with the rock also provided new
places for cultivation of crops. In theory, this would
also increase the surface area of the land, thus
allowing more crops to be grown in the area. The
people adjusted to the land this way.
Solomon died in 920 B.C.E.
(Damascus Gate)
Society
- Early part of the society practiced herding
as nomads.
 - Slaves were used in the later time to build
their
 - Priests became very wealthy and got an
annual amount of the harvest for making
sacrifices to God (Yahweh) for the
community as a whole. The way the temple
was set up changed social structure.
 - Urban/rural, rich/poor gaps, some
prophets accused the leadership of hurting
the poor.

(Jerusalem)
Society


- Lived with extended families, under the oldest
male. Marriage was arranged and important—trade
of goods. First-born sons got double inheritance.
Women sustained the family, but could not inherit
property, etc. Working-class women also participated
in labor. Some even worked outside the home with
more urbanization, and some got positions of
influence.
- Leadership structure had 3 main groups:
priest/kohen who did the laws and business;
prophet/navi who told the message of God to people;
and the sage/hacham who taught practicalities and
wisdom
PIRATES: Effect on Foreign
Lands
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During its time period, the religion had a direct effect
on other cultures.
One of these was Rome as when the area was
under Roman rule, it affected the society of the
people because they experienced these newer
religions.
Direct Roman rule began in 6 C.E.
Since Judaism was the original mainstream
monotheism religion not based on a rubric, it also
may have conveyed these ideas in other regions.
The Jewish belief in one god even made some of the
early Roman rulers mad at the society.
Chronology: The Beginning
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3760 BCE- Adam and Eve are created. This marks
year one of the Jewish calendar.
1429 BCE- Enslavement of the Hebrews in Egypt
begins.
1280 BCE- Moses leads the Jews out of Egypt and
the wandering in the desert begins. The Jewish
bible, the torah, was said to have been brought
down Mount Sinai by Moses, given to him by God.
1030-1010 BCE- Saul is the first king of Israel
1010-970 BCE- David is king of Israel and makes
Jerusalem his capital.
Chronology: The Beginning
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970-931 BCE- King Solomon builds the first great
temple of Jerusalem.
587-586 BCE- king Nebuchadnezzar destroys the
first temple of Jerusalem.
541 BCE- Jews begin to return from Babylonian
exile and begin to rebuild the city of Jerusalem and
its walls.
520-515 BCE- the second temple of Jerusalem is
built
500 BCE- the idea that a messiah will come to
earth sent by god and he will save the planet
develops
Chronology: The Beginning

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
425 BCE- the story of Purim when Haman’s
plans were overthrown and the Jews were saved
from execution happens
333 BCE- Alexander the Great conquers Israel
37-4 BCE- Herod the great rules Israel
20 BCE- 70 CE- The second temple at
Jerusalem is rebuilt and this means that a new
religious center for all Jewish people was being
re-resurrected.
66-73 CE- First Jewish revolt against Rome
Chronology: The Beginning




69 CE- Yochanan Ben Zakkai is given permission to
establish a Jewish center of study at Yavneh meaning that
this place will become very popular for the study of
rabbinic Judaism
70 CE- destruction of Jerusalem and the second temple
73 CE- last stand of the Jews on the mountain top of
Masada. The people committed suicide showing the
Romans that they would rather be dead than be captured
by them.
114-117- Jewish revolts against Rome in Cyprus. The
great synagogue and great library in Alexandria are
destroyed as well as all of the Jews in Cyprus. Jews were
then banned from Cyprus.
Chronology:
The Beginning
132-135- Bar Kochba revolt. Romans kill (Painting of Rulers)
approximately 500,000 Jews and destroy
their towns and villages.
 200- the Mishnah, or Jewish oral law, is
compiled by Judah the prince
 220-470- Mishnah scholars flourish and the
Talmud is compiled in addition to the
Mishnah
 614- Persian general captures Jerusalem and
allows Jews to finally run the city

Chronology: Early
Persecution




1171- Jews in a city southwest of Paris are falsely
accused of murder and blood libel. The adult Jews
were arrested and if they did not convert to
Christianity, they were killed. 31 of the 32 Jews
there were killed. This shows how Jews were the
scapegoat for pretty much any crime, no matter the
absurdity.
1275- King Edward of England forced Jews to
wear a badge declaring them Jews.
1285- Blood libel in Germany results in the death
of 248 Jews.
1321- Jews blamed for poisoning French wells and
5000 Jews were killed unjust fully
Chronology: Early
Persecution
1348-1349- the black plague is blamed on
the Jews. This shows how the Jews were
being used as scapegoats for things that
were clearly not their doing, like starting the
black plague.
 1516- Jews in Venice
segregated to a ghetto

(Early Mesopotamia)
Chronology: Jewish
Expansion
1585- First Jew known to step on American soil. This shows
how even though the Jews were being expelled from many
lands, they never gave up and found their way all of the way to
America
 1642- First Jewish colony in the new world is established in
Brazil
 1761- First English prayer book for the high holidays is
published in New York
 1814- Denmark grants citizenship to Jews
 1830- Greece grants citizenship to Jews
 1831- Belgium grants citizenship to Jews
 1841- First Jewish person was elected to the U.S. Senate
 1860-1904- The father of Zionism, Theodore Hertzel
????CHANGE THIS
1870- Sweden grants citizenship to Jews

Chronology: The Holocaust
1933- Adolf Hitler becomes the chancellor in
Germany
 November 9, 1938- Kristalnacht (or the night of
broken glass) the burning of all Jewish
synagogues and shops in Germany. This night
marked the beginning of the holocaust.
 1939-1945- The German holocaust against the
Jews

(Adolf Hitler)
Chronology: Israel as a state
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
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
May 14, 1948- Israel is declared a Jewish state
May 19, 1948- Israel war of independence
1947-1949- Israel war of independence, this war
was against Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria for
a fight for the independence of the Jewish state.
Israel won.
January 1949- First government or parliament is
elected. David Ben Gurion is prime minister
1956- Sinai war, Egypt was in this war against
Israel. The Israelis were victorious.
1967- Six-day war, fought between Egypt, Jordan
and Syria. Mainly against the Arabs. Israel won.
Chronology: Israel as a state




1968-1970- War of attrition, fought against Egypt
because of a feud over the Sinai Peninsula. The war
ended in a cease-fire.
1973- Yom Kippur war fought on the holiest Jewish
holiday between Israel and Egypt and Syria
because of their loss in the six-day war. The Israelis
won, resulting in no territorial change.
1982- First Lebanon war. this war was a response
to an assassination attempt against the Israeli
ambassador of the U.K.
2006- Second Lebanon war. This war was a
response to Hezbollah terrorist abductions and
terrorist attacks.
Judaism
Hinduism
1) Judaism includes the
belief of heaven and hell.
1) Hinduism includes the
beliefs In the cycle of rebirth.
1) Both do
2) Judaism believes in the
not believe in 2) Hinduism believes in spiritual
bible which consisted of the he- the afterlife.
disciplines, enlightenment and
brew scriptures.
truth.
2) Both have holy
3) Judaism's goal is to know god, days, and holidays,
3) Hinduism’s goal is to become
to serve god, and to serve other to celebrate important familiar with Brahman, and to
people.
past events.
know their beliefs and roles.
4) Judaism was created
3) Both have some
4) Hinduism was created
some time around 1500 B.C.E. sort of collection
Sometime around 2000 B.C.E.
of sacred
5) Judaism is a monotheistic writings.
5) Hinduism is a polytheistic
religion.
religion.
Judaism
1) Judaism has changed
its ways of belief in
burials.
2) Some of the original
practices have
changed, due to
changes in some of
their beliefs.
Hinduism
1) Both of
these two
religions
have edited
some of
their
beliefs.
2) They both
have also
changed
their
locations of
worship.
1) certain rituals
have both
vanished, and or
changed their
meanings.
2) Some of their
beliefs have changed
because there are
many families of
Hinduism, and each
one edits the ways of
life that they live by.
Comparison to Christianity
There is a major relationship between
these two religions because they were
both in the relative same time period.
 The religion took root when the Romans
took over their land.
 Jesus originated mainly because he
wanted to counter the regular Jewish
ideals. From his view, the Jews had an
unhealthy need for power and money.

Comparison to Christianity







The Jewish people in that region saw this mainly as a threat,
because they saw these revolutionaries a threat to their
personal powers.
Jesus was eventually persecuted by the Jewish peoples
because they saw his ideas as corrupting their society.
Today, both religions are monotheistic and follow one same part
of the Bible, that being the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament.
The Christians add the New Testament to this.
This element has changed over time because there are not as
many problems between these two religions today as there
were in these times.
While monotheism was very revolutionary and new back then, it
is almost the normal means of religion, especially Western
religion, today. These changes probably occurred because
people grew more tolerable with these religions around them.
Over time, it became part of the regular framework.
Judaism Today

The role of Judaism greatly affected
western culture. One example is that it led to
Christianity and other monotheistic religions. In
today’s world, there is the Jewish state of
Israel that is home to over five million Jews.
The United States is also home to a little bit
over five million Jews. The role that Judaism
plays today is sometimes a role of war and
scapegoat. There are many attacks against
Israel by anti-semetic groups in the Middle
East. There have been ongoing wars between
Israel and gorilla terrorist groups that want to
wipe Israel off the face of the earth.
Judaism Today
(Jewish Synagogue)
Another role that Judaism plays in today’s society is with
the state of Israel. Israel trades with many nations
including the United States and goods are exported and
imported from Israel including special cosmetics from the
Dead Sea. Also, tel Aviv, one of the largest cities in Israel,
is a center that Jewish people study and it is a center of
modern medicine, developing and enhancing it. Recently,
Israel produced a pill that is swallowed and it has a
camera that sees the inside of your body to see if there is
a problem

Another role that Judaism has in today’s society is
that Jews in Israel have one the most advanced space
programs in the world today. Jews are constantly
contributing to the global technology race. The first cell
phone was also made in Israel.

Judaism Today

Finally, Judaism plays the role of a
target. Since Israel became a Jewish
state in 1948, there have been seven
wars against Israel, all of which they
have won. Also, there are constant
threats of terrorist attacks from various
groups including Hezbollah. Those are
just some of the roles that Judaism
plays in today’s society.
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