Ancient Rome
Friday
March 27, 200
9. Rome spreads across seven hills along
the _____ River on the _____Peninsula,
which extends into the _____ Sea.
10. What group of people taught the
Romans many skills?
Answers
9. Tiber, Italian, Mediterranean
10. Etruscans
Interesting Facts about Rome
There is a Roman legend that the city of
Rome was founded
by two brothers
Romulus and Remus.
Monday
April 6, 2009
1. (Look at the picture on pages 278-279.)
What is the picture of and why is it
important?
2. How did Rome’s location help it to grow
from a small village to a powerful city?
Answers
1. Aqueducts were used to bring water to
Roman cities.
2.
• Hills protected Rome from attack.
• The soil was good for farming.
• The Tiber River connected Rome to the
coast for trade and travel.
Roman Aqueducts
Interesting Facts about Rome
The smallest country in the world is located within
the city of Rome. It is Vatican City – population
approximately 1,000 and square area 109 acres.
Vatican City is the spiritual and governmental
center for the Roman Catholic Church, the
largest Christian church in the world. The leader
of this country-city is the Pope. It has been an
independent country since 1929. St. Peter’s
Basilica, one of the largest churches in the world
is located here. Vatican City issues its own
stamps, money, license plates, and has its own
flag.
Vatican City
St. Peter’s Basilica
Vatican City’s Flag
Tuesday
April 7, 2009
3. Who were the patricians and the
plebeians?
4. How was the Roman government like our
government?
Answers
3. Patricians were the wealthy class of
people in Rome.
Plebeians were the common people in
Rome.
4. In a republic, the citizens elect
representatives to run the government.
(USA government = representative
democracy)
Interesting facts about Rome
The Roman Colosseum was the largest building
of its kind on Earth. It held 50,000 people.
Festivities began at dawn and often lasted well
into the night. The most popular events involved
fighting between the gladiators. Weapons of the
gladiators included:
sword and shield, stick weighted with lead, net and
trident and dagger
As many as 2,000 men might fight in a single day
with about half of them getting killed.
Wednesday
April 8, 2009
5. Who was Julius Caesar? What happened
to him?
6. Who was Octavian?
Answers
5. Julius Caesar = 100-44 B.C. a general and
hero who became dictator of Rome in 45 B.C.
He was assassinated by senators who opposed
his rule on the Ides of March (the 15th) in 44 B.C.
6. Octavian was known as Augustus which means
“great.” He was the first emperor of Rome and
ruled during the period of time known as the
Pax Romana or the “Roman Peace.”
Julius Caesar
Octavian Augustus
Interesting Facts about Rome
What do you think this is?
That’s right! The Romans used communal
toilets!! And this is a Roman bath!
Thursday
April 9, 2009
7. What was the Appian Way?
8. What was Rome’s enemy in Africa?
Answers
7. Appian Way = most famous Roman road
that stretched for more than 350 miles
south and east of Rome.
8. Carthage (Rome fought Carthage
3 times during the Punic Wars which
lasted for over 100 years.)
Interesting Facts about Rome
Which of the following pets were most likely
NOT found in the Roman home?
a. parrots
b. snakes
c. monkeys
d. dogs
Answer
a. parrots
Friday
April 10, 2009
9. Name 5 architectural achievements of the
Romans.
10. How is the Roman republic DIFFERENT
than the democracy in Athens?
Answers
9.
• Colosseum
• aqueducts
• temples like the Pantheon
• domes
• roads
• arch
• Concrete
• keystones
10. In the Roman Republic, citizens elected
representatives to run the government - indirect
democracy.
Athens had a pure democracy where the citizens
ran the government – direct democracy.
Tiber River
Arno River
Interesting Facts about Roman
Boys
Roman boys learned reading, writing,
counting and public speaking in school.
They went to school 7 days a week–no
days off! The Roman boys did get a day
off for a religious holiday, and there were a
lot of those. When a Roman boy reached
adulthood, he was entitled to wear the
white toga of a man and Roman citizen.
For recreation, Roman boys played at war
with wooden swords.
KEYSTONES!!!
Look at the article on keystones!!
http://www.ask.com/bar?q=Romans+use+keystones&page=1&qs
rc=0&ab=3&u=http%3A%2F%2Faskabiologist.asu.edu%2Fprofil
es%2Fasmith%2Fkeystones.html
Tuesday
April 14, 2009
1. What was the name of the time period
when Roman rulers brought peace and
wealth to the Mediterranean region?
2. What do the following words mean?
• reign
• Latin
• Romance language
Answers
1. Pax Romana (Golden Age of Rome)
2. reign = rule
Latin = official language of Rome
Romance language = language
developed from Latin
Interesting Facts about Rome
The Romans used a weapon in battle called
the ballista. It was a giant slingshot that
threw heavy rocks over 1,200 feet!!
Tuesday
April 14, 2009
3. Athens had a direct democracy, and
Rome had an indirect democracy. What
does this mean?
4. Rome’s code of laws was called the
_________ ________.
Answers
3. In Athens the citizens ran the government
= direct democracy
In Rome citizens elected representatives to
run the government (a republic) = indirect
democracy
4.Twelve Tables
• Here are a few of the laws
in the Twelve Tables
These have been reworded
• If you are called to go to court,
you must go. If you don’t show
up, you can be taken to court by
force.
• If you need a witness to testify
and he will not show up, you can
go once every three days and
shout in front of his house.
• If it's your tree, it’s your fruit, even
if it falls on another man’s land.
•A person who had been found
guilty of giving false witness shall
be hurled down from the Tarpeian
Rock.
•No person shall hold meetings by
night in the city.
•A dead man shall not be buried or
burned within the city.
Marriages should not take place
between plebeians and patricians. (As
time went on, this law was changed.
When the tables were first written, this
was the law.)
Interesting Facts about Roman
Girls
Roman girls did not go to school. They were
taught at home by their mothers. Spinning,
weaving, music, and sewing were important
skills girls needed to know. For recreation,
Roman girls would play with dolls made out of
wax or clay. Some of the dolls even had jointed
arms and legs! Roman girls also played board
games. They were NOT allowed to fall in love
and choose their own husbands – a marriage
would have been arranged between families.
Wednesday
April 15, 2009
5. Name the three largest groups in the
Christian religion.
6. What was the Protestant Reformation?
Answers
5. Three largest Christian groups:
• Roman Catholic
• Protestant
• Eastern Orthodox
6. Protestant Reformation -> a movement
began in the 1500’s when Martin Luther
wanted the Catholic Church to reform ->
it led to the formation of new Christian
churches
Interesting Facts about Rome
When babies in Rome were nine days old,
they received a charm called a bulla. This
charm was worn around the neck and
chased away evil spirits.
Young Roman Boy Wearing his
Toga and a Bulla
Thursday
April 16, 2009
7. What did the Emperor Diocletian do to the
Roman Empire?
8. What was the Byzantine Empire?
Answers
7. Diocletian divided the Roman Empire into
two parts -> one in the East and one in the
West
8. Byzantine -> the Eastern part of the
Roman Empire (lasted 1,000 years after
the fall of the Western Empire)
Eastern and Western Parts of the
Roman Empire
Interesting Facts about Rome
Among the fiercest barbarians that attacked
the Roman Empire were the Huns. The
Huns were from Central Asia. Led by
Attila, the Huns attacked many parts of the
empire while the Romans were fighting off
other barbarian tribes.
The Goths, from western Europe, in A.D.
410 stormed Rome and caused the great
city to fall in the hands of barbarians.
Goths
Huns
Monday
April 20, 2009
1. What was the law of the Byzantine
Empire?
2. How did the Byzantine Empire preserve
the traditions of Ancient Greece and
Rome?
Answers
1. Justinian Code
2.
• Justinian Code was based on Roman
laws.
•
Roman & Greek art and architecture
was used in the Byzantine Empire.
Justinian and his Code
Interesting Facts about Rome
The Romans used sundials to tell time. A
shadow cast by the sun on the hour
markers indicated the time. They even
had a pocket-variety sundial!
9. Who is the founder of each of these
religions?
Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism,
Hinduism
10. Who do the Christians believe the
Messiah to be?
Answers
9. Judaism = Abraham
Christianity = Jesus
Islam = Muhammad
Buddhism =
Siddhartha Gautama
Hinduism = the Aryans
10. Jesus
Friday
April 17, 2009
9. What do Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
have in common?
10. What are the holy texts of all three
religions?
Answers
9. These religions are all monotheistic.
10. Holy text of each:
Judaism = the Torah
Christianity = the Bible
Islam = the Koran
Interesting Facts about Christianity
Early Christians were
persecuted for their
beliefs. They met
secretly in Roman
Catacombs for religious
services. Catacombs
were vast, underground
rooms where Romans
buried their dead.
Roman
Catacombs
Interesting Facts about
Christianity
Today is Martin Luther’s birthday. He
was born on April 17, 1483. There are
three major types of Christian Religions:
Roman Catholic, Protestant, and Eastern
Orthodox. Martin Luther wanted to
“reform” or change the Roman Catholic
Church. His protest of the practices of the
church led to the formation new Christian
religions-> Protestant
Are you a Protestant?
Martin Luther
Martin Luther Nailing his 95
Theses on the Church Door
Examples from Martin Luther’s
95 Theses…
• Christians should be taught that one who
gives to the poor, or lends to the needy,
does a better action than if he purchases
indulgences.
• Because, by works of love, love grows and
a man becomes a better man; whereas, by
indulgences, he does not become a better
man.
Homework
for Friday->
April 17, 2009
• Study for test on Rome, Christianity, and
the Byzantine Empire SCHEDULED FOR
TUESDAY OF NEXT WEEK!
Tuesday
April 21, 2009
3. For what is Augustus remembered?
4. What is the relationship between the
Jewish faith and Christianity? (Besides
that they are both monotheistic religions)
PASS:
2. Socrates taught his students to learn by
_____________ _____________. This
came to be known as the ____________
____________.
Answers
3. He brought order, good government, and peace
to Rome – Pax Romana
4. Jesus was a Hebrew.
The Old Testament is important in both
religions.
Both religions follow the Ten Commandments.
PASS:
2. asking questions
Socratic Method
Interesting Facts about Rome
Romans used keystones in their
architecture. A keystone is the
wedge shaped
piece at the
top of the
arch that locks
the other pieces
into place.
Keystone used in Aqueduct
Wednesday
April 22, 2009
5. Which best describes a republic?
•
All men and women elect their leaders.
•
Only the rich can vote.
•
Citizens have the right to vote, or choose their leaders.
•
A king rules the people.
6. Who made Christianity equal to other religions in the
Roman Empire and banned the persecution of the
Christians?
•
Marcus Aurelius
•
Caligula
•
Augustus
•
Constantine
PASS:
3. The Byzantine Empire preserved the traditions of ancient
______________ and _____________.
Answers
5. Citizens have the right to vote, or choose
their leaders.
6. Constantine
PASS:
3. Greece and Rome
Interesting Facts about Rome
A Roman consul was a chief government
administrator who commanded armies.
Caligula once proposed that one of the
consuls would be:
• his wife.
• his 5 year old son.
• Cleopatra.
• his favorite horse.
His Horse!!!