Chapter 12 A New National Identity
• America has a tremendous sense of
nationalism (pride and ownership in one’s
country
• America has a new global respect
What should You Know?
1. What name is given to the period of peace
and prosperity that followed the War of 1812?
2. Which agreement resolved fishing and naval
rights on the Great Lakes?
3. Which agreement established the 49th parallel
as the western border between Canada and
the U.S.?
Era of Good Feelings
After the War of 1812, America entered a
time of sustained peace, prosperity, and
national pride. This time was known as
the Era of Good Feelings.
James Monroe, Republican, was elected
President in 1816 and again in 1820. By
1820, Federalists have lost all power and
do not even run a candidate for
President.
1816
James Monroe
1820
Candidate
Party
Electoral
Votes
James Monroe
Rep
183
Rufus King
Fed
34
Electoral
Votes
Candidate
Party
James Monroe
Rep
231
John Quincy Adams
Rep
1
Era of Good Feelings
Era of Good Feelings –
Period following the War
of 1812 in which America
entered a time of
sustained peace,
prosperity, and national
pride.
James Monroe
North America in 1818
Louisiana Territory
Land Disputes
Era of Good Feelings
International Relations James Monroe faced several border disputes
during his administration.
Through diplomacy, peaceful (mostly)
solutions were reached in each of these
disagreements.
Rush-Bagot Agreement 1817 – control of the Great
Lakes
Convention of 1818 – shared control of Oregon Country
Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 – U.S. Gained Florida from
Spain, gave up claim to Texas land
Who controls the Great Lakes?
• Britain and U.S. wanted to
control the lakes and have
fishing rights.
• In 1817, the Rush-Bagot
Agreement limited the number
of navy ships on each lake.
• Dispute resolved.
Secretary of
State Richard
Rush
Rush-Bagot Agreement -1817
Disputes in the Northwest
• Britain and the U.S. both claimed parts of the Oregon
Country.
• They also disagreed about where the border should be
between Canada and the U.S. in the Louisiana Territory.
• The Convention of 1818 brought a peaceful solution to
both issues:
– The nations would share the claim to the Oregon
Country.
– The border between Canada and the U.S. was
established at the 49th parallel.
– U.S. gained fishing rights off of Newfoundland
Convention of 1818
What do YOU need to know?
1. What name is given to the period of peace
and prosperity that followed the War of 1812?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Monroe Doctrine
Missouri Compromise
Convention of 1818
Era of Good Feelings
Rush-Bagot Agreement
What do YOU need to know?
2. Which agreement resolved fishing and naval
rights on the Great Lakes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Monroe Doctrine
Missouri Compromise
Convention of 1818
Era of Good Feelings
Rush-Bagot Agreement
Listening Questions
3. Which agreement established the 49th parallel
as the western border between Canada and
the U.S.?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Monroe Doctrine
Missouri Compromise
Convention of 1818
Era of Good Feelings
Rush-Bagot Agreement
What do YOU need to know?
4. Who stirred up international tensions by
invading Florida in pursuit of Seminole
Indians?
5. Through what agreement did the U.S. acquire
Florida?
6. What was the intention of the Monroe
Doctrine?
Spanish Florida
• American settlers wanted to move into Florida, which was
owned by Spain.
– Seminole Indians from Florida raided settlements then
retreated into Florida
– Runaway slaves were also protected by the Seminoles,
which angered settlers in the U.S.
• Along comes Andrew Jackson…
Jackson’s Invasion
• President Monroe sent
Jackson to secure the
border between Florida and
the U.S.
• Without approval from
Monroe, Jackson decided
to take his troops into
Spanish Territory.
– This is a clear invasion of
Spanish land
• Jackson fights Seminole
Indians and Spanish troops
that try to stop his
invasion.
– He takes over military
forts and overthrows
the Spanish governor of
Florida. He does this
WITHOUT THE
PERMISSION OF THE
GOVERNMENT
Keep an eye on Jackson.
The people think he’s great.
• Britain and Spain are
shocked and angry – but ANDREW JACKSON fails
the American public lovesto see limits on his power and
it.
authority.
Adams-Onis Treaty - 1819
• Losing power in the world, Spain
realized that it would have a hard
time holding on to Florida.
– agreed to give Florida to the
U.S. in exchange for the
assumption of $5 million in
claims against Spain.
• The U.S. agreed to give up its
claims of land along the border
of Spanish Texas.
John Quincy Adams and
Louis de Onis
What do YOU need to know?
1. What name is given to the period of peace
and prosperity that followed the War of 1812?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Monroe Doctrine
Missouri Compromise
Convention of 1818
Era of Good Feelings
Rush-Bagot Agreement
What do YOU need to know?
2. Which agreement resolved fishing and naval
rights on the Great Lakes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Monroe Doctrine
Missouri Compromise
Convention of 1818
Era of Good Feelings
Rush-Bagot Agreement
What do YOU need to know?
3. Which agreement established the 49th parallel
as the western border between Canada and
the U.S.?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Monroe Doctrine
Missouri Compromise
Convention of 1818
Era of Good Feelings
Rush-Bagot Agreement
Andrew Jackson and Florida
• American settlers wanted to expand into Florida, which was
owned by Spain.
• Seminole Indians from Florida raided settlements in
Southern U.S. then retreated into Florida
• Runaway slaves were also protected by the Seminoles,
which angered settlers in the U.S.
• Andrew Jackson led U.S. troops into Florida and took over
Spanish forts
• This conflict is resolved with the Adams Onis Treaty,
which gave Florida to the U.S.
Adams-Onis Treaty - 1819
Latin American Independence
• Spain was losing control of its
empire in the Americas.
• Simon Bolivar, born in Venezuela,
led revolutionary forces and freed
much of South America from
Spanish rule.
– He helped a continent win its freedom.
• By 1823, most of the countries in
Latin American had declared
independence from Spain.
Simon Bolivar –
The Liberator
The Monroe Doctrine
• President Monroe worried that other European
powers might try to take control of the new Latin
American countries.
• He sent a warning to all European countries.
– Foreign powers should not create new colonies in the
Americas nor interfere with Latin American countries.
– Any such action would be seen as a hostile act.
• This became known as the Monroe Doctrine.
The Monroe Doctrine
What do YOU need to know?
4. Who stirred up international tensions by
invading Florida in pursuit of Seminole
Indians?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
James Madison
James Monroe
Henry Clay
Andrew Jackson
Papa Smurf
What do YOU need to know?
5. Through what agreement did the U.S. acquire
Florida?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Monroe Doctrine
Missouri Compromise
Convention of 1818
Adams-Onis Treaty
Rush-Bagot Agreement
What do YOU need to know?
6. What was the intention of the Monroe
Doctrine?
A. force Britain to stop attacking US ships
B. stop impressment of US sailors
C. prevent European nations from expanding into
North and South America
D. force Spain to cede Texas to the U.S.
E. establish trade neutrality with France
Domestic Issues
• The charter for the First Bank of the United
States expired in 1811. Congress let it expire
without renewal.
• The War of 1812 made leaders recognize the
need for just such a bank. Oops!
• In 1816, Congress and President Monroe
chartered the Second Bank of the United
States.
Missouri
• In 1819, there were 11 slave states and 11 free states in the
United States.
– With equal representation in the Senate, both sides knew
they could prevent the other from forcing slavery
legislation through Congress.
• And then…
• Settlers in the Missouri Territory asked to join the
Union as a slave state in 1819.
Missouri
• Free states did not want another slave state in the Union.
– Why not?
• Unwilling to give up the balance of power, Free
states refused to allow Missouri into the Union.
• Henry Clay proposed a compromise.
– Missouri would enter as a slave state
– Maine would enter as a free state
– Slavery would be prohibited north of 36° 30’ in the
Louisiana Territory
• This is known as the Missouri Compromise
Missouri Compromise
– Missouri would enter as a slave state
– Maine would enter as a free state
– Slavery would be prohibited north of 36° 30’ in
the Louisiana Territory
• Proposed by Henry Clay