Do Now
• Please answer the following question:
• List everything you know about exploration
(when, where, who, effects, causes)
Essential Question
• Why did the Europeans travel to the New
World and what were the consequences of
this?
A Map of the Known World,
pre- 1492
Motives for European Exploration
1. Crusades  by-pass intermediaries
to get to Asia.
2. Renaissance  curiosity about other
lands and peoples.
3. Reformation  refugees &
missionaries.
4. Monarchs seeking new sources of
revenue.($$)
5. Technological advances. (Astrolabe)
6. Fame and fortune.
New Maritime Technologies
Better Maps
[Portulan]
Astrolabe
(1532)
Mariner’s Compass
Sextant
Why?
The 3 G’s
Gold
E’peans want to get rich by:
• 1.Getting gold
• 2.Trading spices
• 3.Finding natural resources
• Q: Why did the Europeans want to
explore for trade routes? Why wouldn’t
they just travel through the Middle East
to Asia?
God
• Europeans want diffusion of
Christianity
• Spread the Word of God
Glory
• Europeans compete to be richest and
biggest.
• Wanted to become famous
GD question
• Reflection:
• Which of the 3 G’s would be the most
likely to motivate you to do something?
• Why?
Classwork
• Please complete the following:
• Worksheet
• Page 68 Workbook
Do Now
• Please use your textbook to find the
definitions of the following words:
• Bartolomeau Dias (p530)
• Prince Henry (530)
• Vasco de Gama (532)
• Treat of Tordesillas (533)
• Dutch East India Company (534)
• Zheng He (537)
Admiral Zheng He
Each ship was 400’
long and 160’ wide!
1371-1435
Zheng He’s Voyages
In 1498, Da Gama reached
Calcutta, China’s favorite port!
Prince Henry, the Navigator
School for Navigation, 1419
Columbus [1451-1506]
Columbus’ Four Voyages
Other Voyages of Exploration
Ferdinand Magellan & the First
Circumnavigation of the World:
Early 16c
Atlantic Explorations
Looking for “El Dorado”
T he First Spanish Conquests:
T he Aztecs
vs.
Fernando Cortez
Montezuma II
T he Death of Montezuma II
Mexico Surrenders to Cortez
T he First Spanish Conquests:
T he Incas
vs.
Francisco Pizarro
Atahualpa
Slaves Working in a
Brazilian Sugar Mill
Columbian Exchange
• Exchange of products & ideas between
Old and New Worlds
T he “Columbian Exchange”

Squash

Avocado

Peppers

Sweet Potatoes

Turkey

Pumpkin

Tobacco

Quinine

Cocoa

Pineapple

Cassava

POTATO

Peanut

TOMATO

Vanilla

MAIZE

Syphilis

Trinkets

Liquor

GUNS

Olive

COFFEE BEAN

Banana

Rice

Onion

Turnip

Honeybee

Barley

Grape

Peach

SUGAR CANE

Oats

Citrus Fruits

Pear

Wheat

HORSE

Cattle

Sheep

Pigs

Smallpox

Flu

Typhus

Measles

Malaria

Diptheria

Whooping Cough
Cycle of Conquest &
Colonization
Explorers
Official
European
Colony!
Treasures
from the Americas!
Do Now
• Please answer the following questions:
• List 3 Reasons why people explored the
world.
• Name three explorers during this time
• Name the effects- TWO positive AND
TWO negatives from this exploration
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
T he Slave Trade
1. Existed in Africa before the coming
of the Europeans.
First boatload of African slaves
brought by the Spanish in 1518.
2. Between 16c & 19c, about 10 million
Africans shipped to the Americas.
Slave Ship
“Middle Passage”
“Coffin” Position Below Deck
A frican Captives
T hrown Overboard
Sharks followed the slave ships!
Do Now
• Please answer the following question:
• Do you believe the Age of Exploration
brought more positive or negative effects
to the world? Explain
European Empires in the Americas
T he Colonial Class System
Peninsulares
Mestizos
Native Indians
Creoles
Mulattos
Black Slaves
Administration of the Spanish
Empire in the New World
1. Encomienda
or forced
labor
T he Influence of the Colonial
Catholic Church
Guadalajara
Cathedral
Spanish Mission
Our Lady of
Guadalupe
Father Bartolome de Las Casas
New Laws  1542
• Europeans R.A.C.E.D. to
• conquer the Americas
• Spain and the “Conquistadors” conquered
Latin America
New Colonial Rivals
Impact of European Expansion
1. Native populations ravaged by
disease.
2. New products introduced across
the continents [“Columbian
Exchange”].
3. Deepened colonial rivalries.
5. New Patterns of World Trade