Volume and Density
Volume (Capacity)
• Volume is the amount of space taken up by
an object.
• Volume can also mean how much
something holds.
• Volume can be measured by multiplying
LxWxH.
• Volume can also be calculated by using
water displacement.
Units for Measuring Volume
Metric Standard
• Liter (l)
• Milliliter (ml)
• Cubic Centimeter (cc
or cm3)
Remember: 1 ml = 1 cc
Other Standards
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Gallon (gal.)
Quart (qt.)
Pint (pt.)
Cup (c.)
Tablespoon (tbsp.)
Teaspoon (tsp.)
Fluid Ounce (fl. oz.)
Cubic Inches (in3 or cu in.)
Cubic Feet (ft3 or cu. ft.)
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
3. Measure the level
after the ball has
displaced some of the
water.
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1. Measure the level of
the water in a
container.
30 ml
2. Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a
metal ball.
3. Measure the level
after the ball has
displaced some of the
water.
39 ml
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
1.
2.
3.
4.
Measure the level of the
water in a container. 30 ml
Insert an object in the
water. We’ll use a metal
ball.
Measure the level after the
ball has displaced some of
the water.
39 ml
Finally, find the difference
between the water level
before displacement and
after displacement.
39 minus 30 = 9 ml
70 ml
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Using Water Displacement to
Calculate Volume
70 ml
The metal ball has a
volume of 9 ml!
60 ml
50 ml
40 ml
30 ml
20 ml
10 ml
Density
• Density refers to “how crowded” something is. The
amount of matter within a certain volume.
• Density can be measured in grams per milliliter (g/ml).
• Solids are the densest phase of matter. Gases are the
least dense.
What would take up more space?
A kilogram of feathers…..
or a kilogram of steel?
Compactness
Archimedes and the King’s Crown
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K
MNwXUCXLdk Storytelling
•
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/videos/
physics/archimedesprinciple.html
Scientific Explanation
•
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x
gpa9j_archimedes-bath-3d-4dfilm_shortfilms Cartoon
How to Calculate Density
 Regular Shaped Solids – measure mass, then determine the
volume by using a the formula LxWxH.
EX: cubes, cylinders, spheres, cones, etc.
How to Calculate Density

Irregular Shaped Solids: Find the volume of the object.
You can use water displacement for this. Let’s use the
metal ball again. It’s volume was 9 ml.
How to Calculate Density
1.
2.
Irregular Shapes: Find the volume of the object. You
can use water displacement for this. Let’s use the metal
ball again. It’s volume was 9 ml.
Now find the mass of the object. You can use a triple
bean balance scale for this.
How to Calculate Density
1.
2.
3.
Irregular Shapes: Find the volume of the object. You
can use water displacement for this. Let’s use the metal
ball again. It’s volume was 9 ml.
Now find the mass of the object. You can use a triple
bean balance scale for this. Mass = 54 g
Divide the mass by the volume!
54 g ÷ 9 ml = 6 g/ml
The “DMV” Triangle for
Volume, Mass, and Density
More About Density . . .
• Pure water has a density of 1 g/ml.
• If any material is denser than the fluid that
surrounds it, it will have negative buoyancy.
It will sink!
• If any material is less dense than the fluid
that surrounds it, it will have positive
buoyancy. It will float!
Which of the following items have a
positive buoyancy (float) in water?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Widget
Gork
Joob
Winky
Noople
Hoosh
3 g/ml
9 g/ml
.5 g/ml
1.4 g/ml
1.03 g/ml
.099 g/ml
Which of the following items have a
positive buoyancy (float) in water?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Widget
Gork
Joob
Winky
Noople
Hoosh
3 g/ml
9 g/ml
.5 g/ml
1.4 g/ml
1.03 g/ml
.099 g/ml
Which of the following items would float
in a fluid that had a density of 1.45 g/ml ?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Widget
Gork
Joob
Winky
Noople
Hoosh
3 g/ml
9 g/ml
.5 g/ml
1.4 g/ml
1.03 g/ml
.099 g/ml
Which of the following items would float in
a fluid that had a density of 1.45 g/ml ?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Widget
Gork
Joob
Winky
Noople
Hoosh
3 g/ml
9 g/ml
.5 g/ml
1.4 g/ml
1.03 g/ml
.099 g/ml
Review
1. Define volume.
Review
1. Define volume.
2. Identify the liquid that has a volume of 1 g/ml?
Review
1. Define volume.
2. Identify the liquid that has a volume of 1 g/ml?
3. Define density.
Review
1.
2.
3.
4.
Define volume.
Identify the liquid that has a volume of 1 g/ml?
Define density.
Explain water displacement.
Review
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Define volume.
Identify the liquid that has a volume of 1 g/ml?
Define density.
Explain water displacement.
Identify the density of a substance that would
sink when placed in water.
Review
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Define volume.
Identify the liquid that has a volume of 1 g/ml?
Define density.
Explain water displacement.
Identify the density of a substance that would
sink when placed in water.
6. Identify the density of a substance that would
float when placed in water.
Calculate
1.If the mass of an object is 35 grams
and it takes up 7 cm3 of space, what is
the density?
Enrichment:
How does density affect life?
Sea Life
 The swim bladder in bony fish control their relative density
in order to rise or dive in the water….buoyancy.
 When air is added to the swim bladder, by diffusion
through the blood vessels in the bladder walls, the fish
becomes less dense overall.
 When air is removed the fish become more dense.
 By changing the volume of air in the bladder, the fish’s
density can be made equal to that of the surrounding water
at a given depth.
Boats
If the boat floats then it is less
dense than the water. If it
sinks, then it's denser than the
water. Fresh water would
generally be less dense than
salt water. Swimming also
deals with density. Basically
you need enough oxygen in
your body to make yourself
less dense than the water that
way you can float.
Swimming
• Part of the reason why some people
are better swimmers than others has
to do with body density. The
average person's body density is
slightly less than that of water.
Muscle has greater density than fat.
Therefore, very muscular people
tend to be poor at staying afloat.
Bone has greater density than fat.
Therefore, very skinny people tend
to be poor at staying afloat.
Hot Air Balloon
• A helium filled
balloon is an example
of the density of gases.
The helium trapped in
a balloon is less dense
than the surrounding
air and thus it rises.
Breakfast
• If you were playing
with your food at
breakfast (because you have
bad manners…of course)
you would notice that
when you left your
cup alone the juices
would separate due to
density.
Identify 7 items in your
refrigerator that you must shake
before using.
• Example: mustard
Now what do you think?
What would take up more space?
A kilogram of feathers…..
or a kilogram of steel?