Fashion Mid-Term Review
1.03 Scope and Importance of Fashion Industry
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Apparel Industry
o Womenswear
o Menswear
o Infants’ and Childrens’
o Accessories
Household Industry
o Floor Coverings
o Home Furnishings
o Domestics
Segments of the Fashion Industry
o Textile
o Apparel
o Retail
o Auxiliary
2.01 Fashion Forecasting
 Forecasting
 Trend
 Importance
 Roles in Fashion Forecasting
o Textile Producers
o Consultants
o Color Services
o Fashion Services
o Designers
o Merchandisers
o Retail Store Owners
 Activities in Fashion Forecasting
o Market Research
 Consumer
 Market
 Sales
 Comparison Shopping
 Sources of information for forescasting
o Trade Publications
o Consumer Publications
o Websites
2.02 Movement and Acceptance of Fashion
 Fashion Movement
 Fashion
 Trickle Theories
o Up
o Down
o Across
 The Fashion Cycle
1. Introduction
2. Rise
3. Peak
4. Decline
5. Obsolescence
 Lengths of fashion cycles
o Fad/Flop/Classic
o Recurring Fashions
 Fashion Leaders vs. Fashion Followers
 Five Principles of Fashion Movement
1. Consumer
2. Price
3. Sales Promotion
4. Evolutionary vs. Revolutionary
5. Extremes
 Factors that Accelerate
o Communication and Mass Media
o Economic conditions
o Competition
o Technology
o Mobility
o Leisure Time
o Education
o Roles
o Seasons
 Factors that Decelerate
o Economic conditions
o Customs
o Laws
o World Events
2.03 Historical Events and Fashion Evolution
 Decades 1940s-2000’s
 Historical Events (Moods)
 Fashion trends and “looks”
 Influential People
 Vocabulary Terms
2.04 Major Fashion Centers, types of designers, price market categories
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Fashion Centers
o Paris
o New York
o London
o Dallas
o Miami
o Los Angeles
Types of Designers
o Couture
o Freelance
o Stylist
Price market categories
o Couture/Designer
o Bridge
o Better
o Moderate
o Budget/Discount
French/Italian terms
Licensing
Vocab Terms
2.05 Fashion Designers
 Designers to briefly review (Use Curriculum Outline)
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Tommy Hilfiger
Calvin Klein
Donna Karan
Vera Wang
Sean “P. Diddy” Combs
Bill Blass
Tom Ford
Ralph Lauren
Donatella Versace
Muccia Prada
Valentino
Oscar de la Renta
Gabrielle “Coco” Chanel
Christobal Balenciaga
Mary Quant (British)
Hubert de Givenchy
2.06 Recognizing Current fashion Trends
 Importance of recognizing fashion trends
 What to research
 Important terms related to current fashion trends.
3.01 Explain the Concept of Marketing in Fashion
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Marketing
Fashion Merchandising
Marketing Concept
Market
Market Segmentation
o Demographic
o Geographic
o Psychographic
o Behavioral
Marketing Mix
o Price
o Product
o Place
o Promotion
Functions of Marketing
o Distribution
o Financing
o Marketing-Information Management
o Pricing
o Product-Service Management
o Selling
o Promotion
3.02 Explain the Economics of Fashion
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Economics
Goods vs Services
Customer vs Consumer
Economic resources
o Natural
o Human
o Capital
o Entrepreneurship
Supply and Demand
Elasticity
o Elastic and Inelastic Demand
o Scarcity
Economic Utilities
o Form
o Place
o Time
o Possession
o Information
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Consumer Goods
o Convenience
o Specialty
o Shopping
Industrial Goods
Consumer vs Industrial Services
Free-Market System
Competition
o Pure
o Oligopoly
o Monopoly
o Direct
o Indirect
o Price
o Non-Price
The business cycle (and how it affects fashion)
o Prosperity
o Recession
o Depression
o Recovery
3.03 Identify the Types of Fashion Retailers
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General Merchandisers
Specialized Merchandisers
Department Store Retailing
Types of Dept Stores
o Branch
o Flagship
o Junior
o Chain
Discount Stores
Types of Discount Stores
o Off-price
o Factory Outlets
Specialty Stores
Types of Specialty Stores
o Franchise
o Boutiques
Non-Store Retailing
o Mail-order
o Telecommunication
o Computer
o In-home
3.04 Describe the Fashion Industry from a Global Perspective
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Imports vs Exports
Balance of Trade
o Deficit
o Surplus
Free Trade vs Protectionism
Offshore Production
World Trade Regions
Apparel Counterfeiting
Labor Abuses
4.01 Identify Basic textile fibers, fabrics, and their characteristics
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Fiber
Yarn
Fabric
Natural Fibers (Cellulosic)
o Cotton, Wool, Flax
Natural Fibers (Protein)
o Leather, Fur, Silk
Manufactured Fibers
o Polyester, Nylon, Acrylic, Rayon, Acetate, Spandex
Steps in Fabric Production (4)
o Weaving
o Knitting
o Non-woven
o Fabric Finishing
Technology in textiles
4.02 Explain the Elements and Principles of Design
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Elements
o Color
 Value
 Tint
 Shade
 Hue
 Color Schemes
 Psychology of Color
o Line
o Shape
o Texture
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Principles
o Balance
o Proportion
o Emphasis
o Rhythm
Using the principles and elements to enhance appearance
4.03 Identify Merchandise Classifications
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Womenswear
Menswear
Infants and Childrens
Accessories
Home furnishings
Cosmetics
4.04 Explain Sizing in Apparel
 Womenswear
 Menswear
 Infants and Childrens
5.01 Explain Selling in the Retail Environment
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Personal Selling
Roles
o Sales Clerk
o Sales Associate
o Personal Shopper
Motivating Salespeople
o Organizational Climate
o Compensation
 Wage
 Salary
 Commission
 Sales Quota
 Incentives
Non-Selling Duties
o Stock keeping
o Receiving
o Preparing Merchandise
o Maintaining Product Information
 Types of Information
 Sources of information
5.02 Demonstrate the Steps of the Sales Process
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Approach
o Greeting
o Merchandise
o Service
Determine Customer Wants and Needs
o Buying Motives
o Types of Customers
o Open-ended questions
Merchandise Presentation
o Features and Benefits
o Involve Customers
o Rules for presenting merchandise
Handling Customer Objections
o Objection
o Techniques
 Boomerang
 Questioning
 Superior Point
 Direct Denial
 Demonstration
 Third Party
Closing the Sale
o Buying Signals
o Trial Close
o Rules for Closing
o Techniques for closing
 Which
 Standing room only
 Direct
 Service
Suggestion Selling
o Rules
o Types:
 Add-ons
 Trading up
 More than one
 Special offers
o Checkout
 Methods of payment
 Returns, Exchanges, Allowances
Thanking and Reassuring
Follow-up
o Client File
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5.03 Perform Various Mathematical Calculations in Retail Sales
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Convert Fractions to Percents
Convert Percents to Decimals
Convert Decimals to Percents
Cash Drawer
o Change Fund
o Till
Calculate Extensions
Calculate Sales tax
Calculate subtotals and totals
Cost vs Retail
Mark-up
Keystone Mark-up
Calculate Mark-up
Markdown
Calculate Markdown
6.01 Identify the Components of the Promotional Mix
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Promotion
Promotional Mix
o Advertising
o Personal Selling
o Publicity
 Press Release
 Press Kit
o Public Relations
o Sales Promotion
 Visual Merchandising
 Special Events
Promotion during the stages of the fashion cycle
o Intro
o Rise
o Peak
o Decline
o Obsolescence
6.02 Discuss Fashion Advertising
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Purposes
Product Advertising
Institutional Advertising
Cooperative Advertising
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Types of Advertising Media
o Describe and list advantages and disadvantages
o Newspaper
o Television
o Radio
o Magazine
o Online
o Direct Mail
o Outdoor Signage
o Merchandise Packaging
o Video
Media Mix
6.03 Explain Visual Merchandising
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Visual Merchandising
o Goals
Merchandise Presentation
Store Image
Display
o Institutional
o Promotional
o Window
 Open
 Closed
o Interior
 Types of Interior displays
Store Layout and Décor
o Selling Area
o Sales Support Area
Fixtures
Props
o Functional
o Decorative
o Mannequin
o Form
Lighting
Materials
Signs
Elements of Design in Displays
Principles of Design in Displays
6.04 Describe the Use of Special Events in Fashion Promotion
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Special Events
Fashion Shows
o Formal Modeling
o Informal Modeling
Trunk Shows
Special Sales
Celebrity Appearances
Demonstrations
Charitable Celebrations
Fashion Awards
Sampling
Premiums
Personal Improvement Sessions
Teen Boards
6.05 Create a Promotional Plan
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Definition
Guidelines
o Description of store and customers
o Goals and Objectives
o Major Message or Theme
o Promotional Mix Decision
o Assignment of responsibilities for overseeing activities
o Promotion Budget
7.01 Recognize Soft Skills Necessary in the Workplace
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Soft Skills
Interpersonal Skills
Ethics
o Morals
o Consequences
o Standards
o Virtues
Ethical Behavior
Teamwork
Effective Communication
Nonverbal Communication
Verbal Communication
o Listening
o Reading
o Speaking
o Writing
Barriers to Communication
7.02 Demonstrate Effective Employability Skills
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Networking
Resume
Cover Letter
Application
Reference Letter
Interview
Follow-up
Resigning
7.03 Summarize Careers in the Fashion Industry
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Career Opportunities in Textiles
o Research and Development
o Design
o Production
o Sales
Career Opportunities in Apparel Manufacturing
o Design
o Production
o Sales
Career Opportunities in Retail
o Sales Associate
o Retail Buyer
o Fashion Director
o Management
o Advertising
o Public Relations
o Fashion Forecaster