Homework – Ch 19 Section 1 – AGS Textbook – modified
Directions: Read each passage below. Fill in the blanks to complete the sentences. Use another
sheet of paper if you need more room to write your answers.
What Is an Industrial Revolution?
The Industrial Revolution. What does this term mean? Industrial means to work or labor. Revolution
means an important change in the way something is done. So the term Industrial Revolution means an
important change in the way people work. During the Industrial Revolution, people stopped making
goods by hand. They began to use machines to produce goods.
In the mid- 1700s, England had three things that helped it industrialize: natural resources, plenty of
workers, and capital to build factories and machines.
Sentences to complete:
The 1) ______________________________ began in England when workers began to
work in 2) _______________ and use 3) _______________ to produce goods.
England was able to industrialize because it had 4) _______________ , enough workers, and
5) _______________ to build factories and machines.
Did the Industrial Revolution Spread Beyond England?
This change in the way people worked began in England, but it soon spread to other countries. By
1860, Germany was industrialized. By the 1870s, the United States became a powerful industrial
nation. Today, the process of industrialization, or getting machines to do work, is still going on.
Economists, or people who study money, often divide the people of the world into two groups. One
group lives in industrialized nations that have factories to produce goods. The second group lives in
developing nations that do not have an industrial economy. Nations need these things to industrialize:
capital to buy machines and start up factories, a source of power to make machines work, and workers
to run the machines. The changes that occurred in England began to spread to other countries.
6) _______________ was industrialized by 1860, and the 7) ______________________ soon
followed. 8) _________________ , or people who study money, call countries like these
9) _________________ nations. They call other countries 10) _______________ nations.
Industrialized nations need 11) _______________ , a 12) _______________ source, and workers
Mr. Drach
The Industrial Revolution
Page 1
Extensions - Chapter 19 Section 1 – AGS Textbook - The Industrial Revolution Begins
in England
Beginning in the 1750s, quick economic change came to England. Before then, workers made things
by hand in their homes. Now they began to work in factories and use machines to produce goods.
Before this time, people had used their own strength or the strength of animals to provide power. Now
they used the steam engine.
What Is an Industrial Revolution?
We call all these changes the Industrial Revolution. What does this term mean? Industrial means to
work or labor. Revolution means an important change in the way something is done. So the term
Industrial Revolution means an important change in the way people work. During the Industrial
Revolution, people stopped making goods by hand. They began to use machines to produce goods.
In the mid- 1700s, England had three things that helped it industrialize: natural resources, plenty of
workers, and capital to build factories and machines.
What Are Natural Resources?
Factory owners need power to run machines. In the 1750s, England could industrialize because it
had a source of power. In fact, it had three. Coal, iron ore, and rivers. The heat from burning coal
turned water into steam power. The iron ore in rocks was made into iron tools and machines.
Fast-moving rivers provided power for machines. Nature supplied the coal, the ore, and the rivers.
We call these things natural resources. They come from nature, so they are natural. They help us, so
they are resources.
Why Did England Have So Many Workers?
Factory owners need workers to run their machines. In the 1850s, England had a large group of
workers. Between 1750 and 1800, the population of England increased by 50 percent because there
was a new food source from the Americas-the potato.
At the same time, the English government forced farmworkers off the land. How did they do this? The
government passed a law that allowed rich landowners to fence in open fields. For hundreds of years,
poor families had farmed these unfenced lands. Now they had no land to farm. So factory owners
now had two work sources-an increased population and farmers who had no land to farm.
What Is Capital?
Factory owners need power to run machines and people to work these machines. But where do the
machines and the factories come from? The factory owners must buy and build them. Owners do this
with capital, or money that they use to make more money.
Did the Industrial Revolution Spread Beyond England?
This change in the way people worked began in England, but it soon spread to other countries. By
1860, Germany was industrialized. By the 1870s, the United States became a powerful industrial
nation. Today, the process of industrialization, or getting machines to do work, is still going on.
Mr. Drach
The Industrial Revolution
Page 2
Economists, or people who study money, often divide the people of the world into two groups. One
group lives in industrialized nations that have factories to produce goods. The second group lives in
developing nations that do not have an industrial economy. Nations need these things to industrialize:
capital to buy machines and start up factories, a source of power to make machines work, and
workers to run the machines.
Mr. Drach
The Industrial Revolution
Page 3
Extensions - Workbook 75 - Chapter 19 – Section 1
The Industrial Revolution Begins
Directions: Complete the paragraphs below. Choose and write the letter of the correct term from the
Word Bank. Some terms may be used more than once.
Word Bank
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
capital
coal
developing
economists
factories
Germany
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
government
Industrial Revolution
industrialized
iron ore
machines
l.
m.
n.
o.
p.
q.
natural resources
population
potato
power
rivers
United States
The 1) ______________________________ began in England when workers began to work in 2)
_______________ and use 3) _______________ to produce goods. England was able to
industrialize because it had 4) _______________ , enough workers, and 5) _______________ to
build factories and machines.
The three 6) _______________________ England had were 7) _______________ , 8)
_______________ , and 9) _______________ . England had enough people to work in factories
because its 10) _______________ had increased by 50 percent because of the
11) _______________ . Also, farmers were forced off the land by the 12) _______________ .
Factory owners used 13) _______________ , or money used to make more money, to start their
factories.
The changes that occurred in England began to spread to other countries.
14) _______________ was industrialized by 1860, and the 15) ______________________ soon
followed. 16) _________________ , or people who study money, call countries like these
17) _________________ nations. They call other countries 18) _______________ nations.
Industrialized nations need 19) _______________ , a 20) _______________ source, and workers.
Mr. Drach
The Industrial Revolution
Page 4
Mr. Drach
The Industrial Revolution
Page 5