Intelligent traffic signal controller with pre defined timer
Abstract:
Fast transportation systems and rapid transit systems are nerves of economic developments for
any nation. All developed nations have a well developed transportation system with efficient
traffic control on road, rail and air. Transportation of goods, industrial products, manpower and
machinery are the key factors which influence the industrial development of any country.
Mismanagement and traffic congestion results in long waiting times, loss of fuel and money.
It is therefore utmost necessary to have a fast, economical and efficient
traffic control system for national development. The monitoring and control of city traffic is
becoming a major problem in many countries. With the ever increasing number of vehicles on
the road, the Traffic Monitoring Authority has to find new methods of overcoming such a
problem.
One way to improve traffic flow and safety of the current transportation system is
to apply automation and intelligent control methods to roadside infrastructure and vehicles.
Transportation research has the goal to optimize transportation flow of people and goods. As
the number of road users constantly increases, and resources provided by current
infrastructures are limited, intelligent control of traffic will become a very important issue in
the future.
Traffic means the movement of vehicles along a route. Congestion may
result due to heavy traffic at a junction. In developing cities like Pune, traffic management is
becoming important issue day by day due to rapid increase in number of vehicles. Lot of manhours are being wasted in traveling due to bad traffic management. To avoid congestion there
are so many traffic management techniques available. Even though many companies are
working on traffic management over years, no technique is perfect by itself as the real time
situations are generally continuously changing and the system has to adapt itself to change in
the continuously changing circumstances.
For Details Contact: A.VINAY-9030333433, 0877-2261612
We have made an attempt to provide some traffic management strategies
which are self adaptive in nature, so as to fit in to continuously changing real time traffic
scenarios. For the Junction at which rate of change of average traffic density is less we have
provided strategy called Gradual Adaptation and for the Junctions at which average traffic
density varies drastically with respect to time we have provided a strategy which we have
named On-Situation scheduling. In exceptional situations we have provided option for manual
traffic control.
Block diagram:
Power
supply
Street light-1
Timer circuit
Street light-1
Street light-1
Street light-1
The 555 Astable generates a clock for this circuit, an oscillator giving a square wave output at
pin 3 which is counted by 4017 to give a running lights effect.
Counter circuit
The decade counter-divider CD4017 has 10 outputs, for every low to high transition at the clock
input, rising edge, the counter advances one LED. After going one full circle the first LED lights
again and it goes on. You can vary the value of R2 100K Linear potentiometer to make LEDs run
fast or slow.
For Details Contact: A.VINAY-9030333433, 0877-2261612
The frequency of oscillation of astable 555 is given as f = 1.44 / ((R4 + 2 * (R2 + R3)) * C3)
The 10 outputs have 10 green LEDs. The current thru the LED is limited by R1, the current can
be calculated like this (9V – 1.6V) / 1K = 7.4mA this is within 20mA which is the danger limit of
the CMOS output. You want it to be bright use transistors for every output.
The cap C1 is a filter and C2 is to prevent noise at pin 5 influencing the output as it is a control
voltage point.
You can cascade or chain many more counters with the CO or carry out pin 12 of 4017. The pin
15 reset is kept at low for counting, on high it will reset the counter but is not used in this
circuit.
Timer555:
FEATURES DESCRIPTION
For Details Contact: A.VINAY-9030333433, 0877-2261612
The LM555 is a highly stable device for generating 2
• Direct Replacement for SE555/NE555 accurate time delays or oscillation. Additional
• Timing from Microseconds through Hours terminals are provided for triggering or
resetting if.
• Operates in Both Astable and Monostable desired. In the time delay mode of
operation, the time Modes is precisely controlled by one external resistor and
• Adjustable Duty Cycle capacitor. For astable operation as an oscillator, the
free running frequency and duty cycle are accurately
• Output Can Source or Sink 200 mA controlled with two external resistors and one
• Output and Supply TTL Compatible capacitor. The circuit may be triggered and
rest on,
• Temperature Stability Better than 0.005% per falling waveforms, and the output circuit
can source
°C or sink up to 200mA or drive TTL circuits.
• Normally On and Normally Off Output
• Available in 8-pin VSSOP Package
APPLICATIONS
• Precision Timing
• Pulse Generation
• Sequential Timing
• Time Delay Generation
• Pulse Width Modulation
• Pulse Position Modulation
• Linear Ramp Generator
Cd4017:
For Details Contact: A.VINAY-9030333433, 0877-2261612
General Description:
The CD4017BM/CD4017BC is a 5-stage divide-by-10 Johnson counter with 10 decoded
outputs and a carry out bit. The CD4022BM/CD4022BC is a 4-stage divide-by-8
Johnson counter with 8 decoded outputs and a carry-out bit. These counters are
cleared to their zero count by a logical ``1'' on their reset line. These counters are
advanced on the positive edge of the clock signal when the clock enable signal is in the
logical ``0'' state.
The configuration of the CD4017BM/CD4017BC and CD4022BM, CD4022BC permits
medium speed operation and assures a hazard free counting sequence. The 10/8
decoded outputs are normally in the logical ``0'' state and go to the logical ``1'' state
only at their respective time slot. Each decoded output remains high for 1 full clock
cycle. The carry-out signal completes a full cycle for every 10/8 clock input cycles and is
used as a ripple carry signal to any succeeding stages.
Features:
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Wide supply voltage range 3.0V to 15V
High noise immunity 0.45 VDD (typ.)
Low power Fan out of 2 driving 74L
TTL compatibility or 1 driving 74LS
Medium speed operation 5.0 MHz (typ.)
with 10V VDD
Low power 10 mW (typ.)
Fully static operation
Applications
 Automotive
 Instrumentation
 Medical electronics
Advantages:
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Easy operation
High stability
Time save
Long life
For Details Contact: A.VINAY-9030333433, 0877-2261612