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John Hill
Technical Training
john.hill@goodmanmfg.com
713-861-2500 Ext.907
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TECHNICAL SUPPORT
888-593-9988
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NAECA
• National Appliance Energy
Conservation Act
• January 23, 2006
• Minimum SEER – 13
– Previously – 10
• Minimum HSPF 7.7
– Previously – 6.8
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Montreal Protocol
• Montreal Protocol on Substances that
Deplete the Ozone Layer
• No Production of R-22 Equipment in
2010
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Montreal Protocol
• CFC Phase Out (R-12)
– 1991 – 100%
– 1996 – 0%
• HCFC Phase Out (R-22)
– 1995 – 100%
– 2020 – 0%
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2006 Split System Air Conditioner & Heat Pump Product Line Nomenclature
G S C
1
3
0
3
6
1
A A
Digit 1
G = Goodman/Amana Distinctions
S = Goodman (high Feature set models)
A = Amana
Digit 11: Minor Revision (not used for ordering)
Digit 10: Major Revision
Digit 2
S = Split
Digit 9: Electrical
Digits 6-8: Nominal Capacity
Digits 4, 5: SEER
Digit 3
C = Condenser R-22
X = Condenser R-410A
H = Heat Pump R-22
Z = Heat Pump R-410A
Digit 3: Unit Type
Digit 2: Product Category
Digit 1: Brand Name
Digits 4, 5
13 = 13 SEER
14 = 14 SEER
16 = 16 SEER
18 = 18 SEER
Digits 6-8
018 = 1.5 tons
024 = 2 tons
036 = 3 tons
042 = 3.5 tons
048
060
090
120
=
=
=
=
4 tons
5 tons
7.5 tons
10 tons
Digit 9
1 = 208/230 V, 1 Phase, 60 Hz
2 = 220/240 V, 1 Phase, 50 Hz
3 = 208/230V, 3 Phase, 60 Hz
4 = 460 V, 3 Phase, 60 Hz
5 = 380/415 V, 3 Phase, 50 Hz
Digit 10
A = Initial Release
Digit 11
A = Initial Release
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Service Valves
• Service valves
located at 90o
angle.
• Unobstructed
access to
gauge ports.
• More room to
maneuver
tools.
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Access to the
Control/Electrical Panel
• Two screws to remove
the outside cover
• Removable Panel
• Contactor with lug
connectors
• Ground with lug
connector
• Room for field installed
accessories
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Super-heat and Sub-cooling
charts
• The super-heat and
sub-cooling charts
will be posted on the
back side of the
control door.
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Access to the Condenser Coil
• The 2006 units will
come with 4
independent louver
panels. They are
easy to remove for
quick accessibility to
the condenser coil.
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2006 Product Line
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2006 Product Line
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2006 Product Line
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INSTALLATION TIPS
• NO CAPILLARY TUBE EVAPORATORS
•LINE SETS WITH ¼ LIQUID 5/8 SUCTION MUST BE LESS
THAN 25 FT. IN LENGTH
•EVAPORATORS WITH FLOWRATORS CHANGED TO THE
PISTON SUPPLIED WITH NEW CONDENSORS
•WHEN CHARGING SYSTEM USE SUPERHEAT OR
SUBCOOLING METHOD
•HEAD PRESSURE WILL BE LOWER THAN 10 SEER
SYSTEM
•HEAT PUMPS REQUIRE COMPLETE SYSTEM CHANGE
OUT
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INSTALLATION TIPS
USING A 13 SEER CONDENSER WITH A 10 SEER OR LESS
EVAPORATOR MAY DEGRADE CAPACITY BY 6% TO 10%.
IN APPLICATIONS WHERE CAPACITY IS MARGINAL, IT
MAY BE NECESSARY TO INCREASE THE CAPACITY OF
THE CONDENSOR BY ½ TON.
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT WHEN DOING THIS , THAT THE
ELECTRICAL SERVICE IS ADEQUATE FOR THE LARGER
CONDENSOR. IT MAY ALSO BE NECESSARY TO
INCREASE THE SIZE OF THE REFRIGERATION LINE SET.
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% 1996 CAP
R-22 Phase-Out Timeline
%
100
$20/lb
65%
50
$10/lb
35%
10%
0
1999
2004
No New
Equip. EU
2010
No New
Equip. US
2015
$2/lb
2020
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Why R-410a?
R-22 Alternatives
R-134a
R-407c
R-410a
R-417b
Propane
Carbon Dioxide
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US New Refrigerant Transitions
R-134A
Screw
Chillers
60- 500 Ton
R-22
R-410A
R-407C
Commercial
5 to 100 Ton
R-22
R-410A
R-410A
Residential
1.5 to 5 Ton
R-22
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
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Back Seat Service Valves
All “R” series
models equipped
with back seating
service valves
RVP February 2003
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R-410 Facts
• Ozone friendly- No Chlorine
• Replacement for R-22, NOT a drop in!
• Higher Pressure Range-50 to 75%
higher than R-22
• Requires Special Lubricants
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Components that needed
Redesigned for R410A
•
•
•
•
•
•
Compressor
Condenser coil
Filter Drier
Expansion device
Evaporator
Pressure switches
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Compressors
• Copeland ZRS and
ZPS Compressors
• We will get further
into these later in
the program
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Pressure Switches
• Pressure Switches have to be at higher
settings
• Low Pressure R410a=50psi
• High Pressure R410a=610psi
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Line Sets
Line Sets
New Line Sets are always recommended, but
required if:
• The previous system had a compressor burn out.
• The existing line set has oil return traps.
• The existing line set has been open to the
atmosphere for an extended time.
• The existing line set is larger than or smaller than
the recommended line size for the Amana R410a system.
• The existing line set is damaged, corroded, or
shows signs of abrasion/fatigue.
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Special Tools Required
• Differences in Saturation Pressures
between R22 and R410a affects many
of the tools the Technician must use
when Charging and Servicing an R410A
system.
• Some of the tools used on R22 systems
may be unacceptable for use on R410a
systems.
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Manifold Gauge Set
• Standard Gauges and hoses cannot be used
safely with R410a.
• The High Side gauge should have a range of
zero to 800psi.
• The Low Side gauge should have a range
from 30 inches vacuum to 250psi.
• The Low Side gauge should also have a
500psi retardation feature. This slows the
movement of the gauge needle at higher
pressures.
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Manifold Gauge Set
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Refrigerant Hoses
• The 600psi rating of
standard hoses is NOT
adequate for R410a.
• Hoses need to be rated for
a 800psi working pressure,
with a 4000psi bursting
rating.
• 5 to 1 safety margin is
necessary to prevent
dangerous hose ruptures.
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Vacuum Pumps
• Pumps used with CFC
and HCFC charged
systems may also be
used on R410a systems
as long as the pump is
capable of attaining a
vacuum of level of at
least 250 Microns.
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Leak Detectors
• Leak detectors should be
checked to see that they are
designed to properly detect
R410a.
• The detector should have
adjustable sensitivity to
allow leaks to be pinpointed
in areas where background
vapor might cause false
readings.
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Two Stage Compressor
Features:
High Efficiency
Quiet Operation
Scroll Technology
No Shut-Down to Shift Capacity
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Copeland Scroll™ UltraTech
Two-Stage Modulation Scheme
Bypass
Ports Closed
100% Capacity
Bypass
Ports Open
67% Capacity
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R-410a
• It’s a Blended Refrigerant.
• 50% R-32 and 50% R-125.
• This blend is a near-azeotrope, not a
true azeotrope like R-502.
• A true azeotrope is a mixture that
maintains its composition through both
the liquid and vapor phase.
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R-410a
• For a near-azeotrope, the individual
refrigerants evaporate or condense at
different temperatures.
• The differences between these boiling
points with mixed refrigerants is called
“ TEMPERATURE GLIDE”
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R-410a
• When temperature glide is high the
refrigerants can separate during
evaporation or condensation.
• This changes the composition of the
resulting vapor and liquid.
• This separation is called:
“FRACTIONATION”
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R-410a
• Fractionation is very low.
• R410a does not significantly separate in the
system and the composition of the refrigerant
has very minor changes if a leak occurs.
• But the fact that some fractionation occurs,
means that charging techniques must be
adjusted.
• The temperature glide of R410a is very low,
thus it acts very much like a single refrigerant.
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R-410a
• Another significant difference between
R410a and R22 is its saturation
pressure range.
• R410a has a higher pressure range
curve than R22.
• Remember, R410a is a near azeotrope
that is subject to some fractionation. At
any specific temperature it has a higher
vapor pressure when saturated.
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Cylinders
• Most R410a cylinders have an internal dip
tube which allows the feeding of liquid when
the cylinder is in an upright position. They
must be inverted for for vapor flow.
• Color is rose(pink).
• The cylinder has to have minimum cylinder
pressure requirement of 400 psig rating (DOT
4B400 or DOT 4BW400)
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Lubrication
• The chemistry of R410a makes it
incompatible with mineral based
lubricants.
• Mineral oils typically used with R22 has
relativity low Miscibility with with R410a.
• Miscibility is the ability of an oil to
dissolve uniformly in refrigerant in either
the liquid or vapor state.
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Lubrication
• The preferred lubricants are the
Polyolester or ester based oils.
• Commonly known as POE oils.
• POE oils are miscible with with any
mineral oil traces that might be in the
system.
• While miscible, it is very important to
remove as much mineral oil,
particulates, and moisture from existing
line sets as possible.
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Lubrication
• The POE oils are more Hygroscopic than
mineral oils.
• This means that they absorb moisture very
rapidly.
• Exposure to the atmosphere must be limited.
• The oil will break down into acid and alcohol
• Keep the system closed
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Lubrication
• Any moisture absorbed by into POE oils
cannot be removed with a vacuum
pump-Only a new drier will work!
• Break a recovery vacuum with Nitrogen!
• Keep all systems closed until any
component replacements are ready for
installation.
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Brazing
• Should be using at least 2% silver alloy
• Always wear glasses and gloves.
• Always purge with nitrogen when
brazing.
• Protect the service valves with wet rags
or heat sink material.
• Scale will get you with POE oils.
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Evacuation
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Evacuation
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Recovery
• Yes, you still have to recover the refrigerant.
• R410a does not readily biodegrade, care
should be taken to avoid any releases to the
environment.
• The recovery machines used for R410a must
be designed to prevent cross contamination
between oils and refrigerants..
• Use machines certified for use with R410a.
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Recovery
• Preferred type is an oil-less compressor
model with a pump down feature for
removal of all refrigerant from the
machine after each use.
• If an oil bearing compressor is used, the
machine should be restricted to R410a
refrigerant. The machine must use
ester based oil.
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Charging
• Charge through the suction side of the
system.
• Use a commercial-type metering device
in manifold hose to allow liquid to
vaporize.
• Follow your typical sub-cooling and
superheat procedures to arrive at the
correct charge.
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Charging Single Stage
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Charging RSG
• Set unit to operate at low stage cooling
• Operate for 10 minutes.
• Check and record low stage liquid
pressure at the service valve.
• Set thermostat to operate at high stage.
• Operate for 10 minutes.
• Check and record high stage liquid
pressure at service valve.
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Charging RSG
• The high stage pressure should be
noticeably higher than the low stage
liquid pressure.
• If the pressures are identical, the
compressor did not switch from low to
high stage.
• Verify wiring and t-stat settings.
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Charging RSG
• Run the unit on low stage and make the
final charge adjustments on low stage.
• Do not adjust charge to change subcooling on high stage. Charge
adjustments must only be made
under low stage cooling.
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