TERMS TO COME TO TERMS WITH FOR THE FINAL
Powers of congress
Delegate model of representation
Trustee model of representation
Politico model of representation
Conscience model of representation
Constituent service
Symbolic representation
Proportional representation
Bicameral
Pocket veto
Elastic clause
Necessary and proper clause
Implied powers
Gerrymandering
Majority-minority districts
Baker v. Carr
Reapportionment
Committee system
Conference committee
Standing committee
Select committee
Markup
Oversight
Speaker of the House
Minority/Majority Leader
Whip
Interest groups
ERA
Power vs. authority
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Recall
Buckley vs. Valeo
Elite democratic model
Political party
Vanishing marginals
Responsible party model
Primary
Garbage can model
Impeachment process
Plumbers
Bay of Pigs Crisis
Cold War
Due process rights
Mobilization
president pro tempore
filibuster
cloture
logrolling
earmark
pork barrel legislation
powers of the president
prerogative power
Cato
Whig Model
Stewardship Model
Modern Presidency
cabinet
kitchen cabinet
Institutional presidency
Watergate
Iran/Contra
Executive Order
Executive Agreement
going public
fast-track authority
War Powers Resolution
adversarial system
opinions
judicial review
Marbury v. Madison
amicus brief
Judiciary Act of 1789
writ of mandamus
writ of certiorari
elitism vs. pluralism
liberal vs. conservative
functions of the media
hyperpluralism
types of interest groups
platform
Voting Rights Act of 1965
political parties
seven original liberties
the Enterprise
1947 National Security Act
electoral college
types of primaries
core vs. peripheral participants
STUDY QUESTIONS FOR THE FINAL
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Describe the models of representation.
Explain the constitutional powers of congress.
Describe the committee system.
What is the role of political parties in legislating successfully?
Explain step by step how a bill becomes a law.
What is a bicameral system? Describe the main differences between the House and the
Senate?
7. What is the difference between apportionment and gerrymandering?
8. Describe the Texas redistricting battle.
9. What did the case Baker v. Carr entail and what precedence did it set?
10. Describe the organization of congress.
11. What is the difference between a filibuster and cloture?
12. What is the seniority system in congress?
13. What is an earmark? Give two examples from the current congress.
14. What is the difference between a veto and a pocket veto?
15. Describe the basics of Watergate.
16. Describe the basics of Iran/Contra.
17. What is the difference between the plumbers and the enterprise?
18. Why is the 1947 National Security Act a turning point in balance of power between the
Executive and the other two branches?
19. Describe the constitutional powers of the president.
20. Why did “Cato” oppose ratification of the constitution?
21. Describe the presidential models of leadership.
22. What is the difference between the cabinet and the kitchen cabinet? Which president is
responsible for the creation of the kitchen cabinet?
23. Describe the modern role of the Vice President in the executive branch.
24. What are the duties, responsibilities, and functions of the modern president?
25. Explain the difference between an executive order and an executive agreement.
26. Explain the War Powers Resolution of 1973.
27. Describe three of the key character traits of a successful president.
28. What is bureaucracy?
29. What is the difference between the spoils system and the merit system? Which president
started the spoils system?
30. What constitutional foundations allow citizens to petition their government?
31. Why are interest groups important to the democratic process?
32. Explain the concept of egalitarianism.
33. Describe the main functions of interest groups.
34. Describe three types of interest groups.
35. Describe two types of lobbying.
36. Describe the tactics of grassroots lobbying organizations.
37. What are the theoretical strengths and weaknesses of elections?
38. Explain step by step how the Electoral College works.
39. Describe the difference between power and authority. What makes a system legitimate?
40. What is the difference between the 14th, 15th, and 19th Amendments?
41. What was the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
42. Explain the difference between a referendum, an initiative, and a recall.
43. Explain the Federal Election Campaign Act.
44. What did the case Buckley vs. Valeo entail and what precedence did it set?
45. What is the difference between hard money and soft money?
46. How has the Internet influenced elections?
47. How are political parties different than other political organizations, and what functions
do they serve in a democracy?
48. What does party identification imply and what bearing does this have on vote choice?
49. What role do third parties play in the political system?
50. What is the difference between hyperpluralism and vanishing marginals?
51. Describe the two models of political parties.
52. Describe three functions of political parties.
53. What is a split ticket or swing vote?
54. Describe one main difference between liberal and conservative.
55. What is the difference between a closed primary, an open primary and an invisible
primary?