Anatomy and Physiology
By: Gabriela Alvarez
The Human Body
 Human body has a head, neck, trunk (thorax, abdomen), two arms and
hands and two legs and feet.
 Studying the human body involves anatomy and physiology.
 Physiology is the study of function in the human body.
 Homeostasis, nerves
 There 12 systems in the human body
 Anatomy is the study of structure in the human body
 Location of bones
 Composition of body
Composition
 The body is composed of:
 3% nitrogen
 10% hydrogen
 18% carbon
 65% oxygen
 Body contains abut 65% water
Anatomical terms
 Superior: top
 The head is superior to the feet
 Inferior: bottom
 The feet are inferior to the head
 Anterior: front
 The eyes are anterior to the back of the head
 Posterior: back
 The eyes are posterior to the nose
 Medial: middle
 The heart is medial to the left arm
 Lateral: sides
 The left arm is lateral to the heart.
Systems of the body
 Integumentary: skin, hair, nails
 Skeletal: bones supporting body and organs
 Nervous: collects and process info through nerves and the brain.
 Cardiovascular: heart pumping blood
 Endocrine: hormones
 Muscular: muscle movement
 Lymphatic: supplies fluid to blood
 Respiratory: delivers oxygen to blood
 Urinary: removes waste
 Reproductive: sex organs
 Digestive: processes food
 Immune: fights off diseases.
Homeostasis
 Regulates internal environment
 Nervous system helps with transmitting info from body to brain
 Endocrine system releases hormones to regulate blood pressure and volume
 Cell metabolism maintains blood pH.
 Maintains a stable temperature and acid balance pH (7)
 This is needed so the body can function properly.