Dynamics of International
Institutions
Chapter 4
United Nations

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Purposes
5 Major Components

General Assembly
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Adopts resolutions
Security Council
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Main policy-setting body
5 permanent members
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US
United Kingdom
France
Russia
China
10 rotating members
United Nations
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Economic and Social Council
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International Court of Justice
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Economic and social issues
Improve human rights,
education, and health
conditions
Legal decisions between
countries
15 judges
Secretariat


Secretary-general
Administers programs and
policies
World Trade Organization

Promote Trade


How?
Early Years of
Cooperation
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
International Trade
Organization
General Agreement on
Tariffs and Trade

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Reduced tariffs
World Trade Organization

Developing countries
Other Organizations

Organization for Economic Cooperation
and Development

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
“Rich man’s club”
Eliminate bribery
Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries
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
Members
Short history
Economic Integration

Four Types

Free trade area
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NAFTA
Customs union
Common market
Complete economic integration

European Union
European Union

History

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World War II
Marshall Plan
OEEC
OECD
Benelux Union
EFTA
ECSC EEC EU
European Union

Purpose of the UU



Free movement
Treaty of Rome (1957)
Institutions

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European Commission
Council of Ministers
Parliament of EU
European Court of Justice

EU Court of First Instance
European Union

United States of Europe

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Problems with European Union

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Roadblocks
Losing credibility
Federal systems
Fraud
EU Constitution
What has the EU accomplished?

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Standards
Tariffs
US considerations
European Monetary Union

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
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Maastricht Treaty-1991
National currencies  Euro
U.S. Negotiations
Importance to U.S.
NAFTA

U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement
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
NAFTA




1989
January 1, 1994
Environmental and labor laws
Expansion?
Effective?
Other Regional Agreements

Association of Southeast
Asian Nations




1967
10 members
Economic growth and
regional peace
European Free Trade
Association


1960
Response to EU
Source: asean.or.jp
Other Regional Agreements

African Union



1999
Move from apartheid and
colonization
Central American Free
Trade Association



2003
U.S. and other countries
What does it do?
Source: ustda.gov
Other Regional Agreements

Organization of American States




1948
35 members (including U.S.)
“Promote cooperation within the region”
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation



1989
21 countries (including U.S.)
“Promote open trade and economic cooperation”
Other Regional Agreements

Mercosur


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
1991
“Common market of the
South”
5 members (Argentina,
Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay,
and Venezuela) & 7
associate members
Growing trade
Andean Community

4 members (Bolivia,
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru) &
5 associate