DEFINITION:
The joint international labor
organization committee on
Occupational health, 1950
defined occupational health as
“The highest degree of physical,
mental and social well-being of
workers in all occupations.”
GOALS
• To reduce industrial accidents.
• To prevent occupational
hazards/ diseases.
• To achieve maximum human
efficiency and machine
efficiency.
• To reduce sick absenteeism.
OBJECTIVES OF
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH:
• To maintain and promote the physical,
mental and social well being of the
workers.
• To prevent occupational diseases and
injuries.
• To adapt the work place and work
environment to the needs of the
workers i.e application of ergonomics
principle.
• It should be preventive rather than
curative.
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
It represents a dynamic
equilibrium between
the worker and his
occupational environment.
What is occupational
health care?
Occupational health care is preventive
health care, which is provided on the
basis of the Occupational Health Care
Act. The objective of occupational health
care is a healthy and safe working
environment, a well-functioning working
community, prevention of work-related
diseases as well as the maintenance of
employees’ working ability and functional
capacity, and promotion of their health.
Advantages of
Occupational health care
•Investigates and assesses load factors and
hazards and gives expert assistance for
eliminating them
•Gives information and advice
•Estimates employees’ working ability and
monitors their health condition
•By its knowledge and skills supports action for
maintaining working ability in the development
of individuals, working environment and
working community, in this way also affecting
productivity continued
Advantages of Occupational
health care - cont
•Prevents occupational diseases and
other work-related illnesses
•Prevents premature incapacity for
work, reduces pension costs
•Reduces absenteeism due to sickness
•Can make calculations of the
profitability of occupational safety and
health and occupational health care in
cooperation with workplaces or
encourage workplaces to make these
themselves.
THE UNDERTAKINGS FOR THE
NEED OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
SERVICES:
1. Any undertakings, which employ
more than the prescribed number.
2. Public sector undertakings
3. Atomic energy unit, explosive
production unit, mining unit, and
asbestos production unit etc.,
4. A unit where workers are exposed
to health hazards from toxic
substances.
FUNCTIONS OF OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH SERVICE - CONT..
1. Pre-employment medical examination.
2. First Aid and emergency service.
3. Supervision of the work environment
for the control of dangerous substances in
the work environment.
4. Special periodic medical examination
particularly for the workers in dangerous
operations.
5. Health education for disseminating
information on specific hazards and risks
in the work environment.
FUNCTION OF HEALTH
SERVICE - CONT..
6. Special examination and surveillance of
health of women and children
7. Advising the employer or management for
improving working conditions, and
placement of hazards.
8. Monitoring of working environment for
assessment and control of hazards.
9. Supervision over sanitation, hygiene and
canteen facilities.
10. Liaison and cooperation with the safety
committees
FUNCTION OF HEALTH
SERVICE - CONT..
10. Liaison and cooperation with the safety
committees
11. Maintenance of medical records for
medical check-up and follow-up for
maintaining health standards and also for
evaluation.
12. To carry out other parallel activities such
as nutrition programme, family planning,
social services recreation etc., Concerning
the health and welfare of the workers.
THE FACTORS FOR EFFECTIVENESS
OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
SERVICES:
1. The nature of industry; small, medium
or large and its location.
2. Existing infrastructure of health
services.
3. Trained manpower.
4. Workers involvement and employers
commitment.
5. Surveillance of the working environment
by means of epidemiological studies
and testing.
Components occupational
health services – CONT..
• Medical treatment, First aid treatment in
emergency.
• Health education, First aid education.
• Medical examination
• Pre employment examination
• Medical treatment, First aid treatment in
emergency.
• Health education, First aid education.
• Medical examination
Pre employment examination
Periodic medical examination
Special medical examination
Components occupational
health services - CONT..
.
Health counseling
. Stress management
. Mental health
. And Physical health
. Rehabilitation programme
. Medical rehabilitation
. Social rehabilitation
. Educational rehabilitation
. Vocational rehabilitation
Components occupational
health services – CONT..
•
Assessment of dusts pollution
•
Assessment of noise pollution
•
Assessment of vibration
•
Assessment heat radiation
•
Assessment of radiation
Components occupational
health services – CONT..
Supervision of the working environment
•Hazard identification
•Monitoring
•Evaluation
•Engineering project review
•Control measures
•Development of personal protective devices
Components occupational
health services – CONT..
. Family welfare program
. To take care of employee and
dependents
. Disaster management
. Health records maintenance
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND
TOXICOLOGY UNIT
•
•
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•
•
•
•
Air Quality Monitoring
Air-borne particulate sampling
Ambient noise measurement and control
Ventilation testing
Lighting evaluation
Thermal stress evaluation
Biological Monitoring of workers exposed
to lead, Manganese, Chromium and Nickel
OCCUPATIONAL
PHYSIOLOGY UNIT
• Evaluation of occupational work
capacity
• Differential Diagnosis of exercise
induced cardio-pulmonary stress
• Disability Evaluation
• Evaluation of fitness for highly
demanding jobs
MEDITEL- A Radio Telemetry
(3- Channel) system
• Pulse Rate
• Body Temperature
• Energy Expenditure
PULMONARY
FUNCTION TESTS
• VITALOGRAPH S-MODEL
SPIROMETER (Total lung volume,
timed lung volume and flow lung
volume)
• WHOLE BODY PLETHYSMOGRAPH
(residual lung volume, total lung
capacity, air-way resistance, static
and dynamic compliance)
OCCUPATIONAL
PSYCHOLOGY UNIT
•
•
•
•
•
•
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•
•
Stress Management
Job enrichment
Executive skill development
Organizational development
Safety awareness system development
Absenteeism control
Job satisfaction
Mental health survey
And human relation
TOXICOLOGY
LABORATORY UNIT
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•
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•
PHOTOELECTRIC COLORIMETER
SPECTROPHOTOMETER
ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETER
PLASMA EMISSION SPECTROMETER
And GAS CHROMOTOGRAPHY
Work physiology &
Ergonomics Unit – CONT..
•
•
•
•
•
Development of exercise program
Study of vibration exposure
Categorization of work load
Determination of energy expenditure
And design ergonomics (machinery,
equipment)
Work physiology &
Ergonomics Unit – CONT..
•Evaluation of occupational work
capacity
•Ergonomics analysis of work systems
•Work station design
•Development of pre employment job
fitness tests
•Job analysis
MORGAN EXERCISE
TEST SYSTEM
• TEST MONITOR UNIT
(E.C.G Monitor, Ventilation Monitor
and gas analyser)
• MAGNA 88 MICROCOMPUTER
• And a PRINTER with graphic
resolution
HEAT STRESS EVALUATION
•
•
•
•
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Sling Psychrometer
Kata Thermometer
Hot Wire Anemometer
WBGT index meter
Dry Bulb thermometer
Wet Bulb thermometer
Globe thermometer
Air velocity
Physiological response to heat
Humidity
APPLICATION OF HEAT
STRESS EVALUATION
• Heat stress index
• Predicted four hour sweat rate
NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENT
• Sound level meter
• Octave filter sets
• Personnel Noise Dose meter
ILLUMINATION & RADIATION
MEASUREMENT
• Lux meter
• UV digital meter
• Gamma Radiation Survey Meter
EVALUATION OF VIBRATION
• Human Response Vibration Meter
EVALUATION OF ATMOSPHERIC
CONTAMINANTS
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Personal air samplers
Drager Multigas Detector
Drager Polymeter
Drager CMS analyser
Real Time Aerosol Monitor
Gravimetric Dust Sampler
Hexhlet air sampler
GLOPAL STRATEGY FOR OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH –CONT..
• Strengthening of international and national policies
for health at work and development of policy tools
• Developing healthy working environment
• Developing healthy work practices and promoting
health at work
• Strengthening occupational health services
• Establishing support services for occupational health
GLOPAL STRATEGY FOR OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH
•Developing occupational health standards based on
scientific risk assessment
•Developing human resources for occupational
health
•Establishing registration data system and raising
public awareness through strengthened public
information system
•Strengthening research
•Developing collaboration in occupational health
services and organization