EXPERIMENT #4/5 – Simple & Fractional Distillation Lab Report
Name: ________________________
Partner’s Name: ______________________
Distillation Data:
1.
Record the appropriate data in the chart below. 3 pts
Simple Distillation
Volume of
Distillate (mL)
Temp. oC
Fractional Distillation
Volume of
Distillate (mL)
Temp. oC
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2.
What are the structures of ethyl acetate and n-butyl acetate? What are the IUPAC names for
the compounds? 2 pts
3.
What is the boiling point of… 2 pts
Ethyl acetate ____________
n-butyl acetate __________
4.
Using a computer based graphing program of your choice (ie. Lotus, Excel, MSWord, etc.)
produce two graphs (one for simple, one for fractional) from the data above. Be sure to
include gridlines. Put Temperature on the Y axis and Volume of Distillate on the X-axis.
Attach copies of the graphs on this report and also in notebook report. 6 pts
5.
Why is it important that the cooling water in a distillation apparatus enter the condenser jacket
at the lower end and exit at the upper? 2 pts
6.
What effect would a reduction in atmospheric pressure have on the boiling point of ethyl
acetate? Explain. 2 pts
7.
What is a “hold-up volume” and why is it important not to use a flask which
has a considerably larger capacity than the volume of the sample to be
distilled? 2 pts
8.
If the ratio of ethyl acetate to n-butyl acetate is 1:2, which is the solute and which is the
solvent? 2 pts
9.
What is the temperature gradient in the Vigreux column: Is it low near the bottom and high
near the top or vice versa? 2 pts
10.
Explain how each the following would affect the separation in a distillation. 3 pts
a) The student sets the variac dial at 100 to begin.
b) A 50 mL stillpot contains 40 mL of solution to be distilled.
c) A very long fractionating column is used.
11.
During distillation, there are two reasons why the temperature will sometimes go down rather
than up. What are the two possible causes? 2 pts
12.
When distillation first begins, which component of the mixture will be the greater component of
the vapor phase vs. the liquid phase? Explain. 2 pts