Chapter #2
Features of Life and the Cell
Chapter 2.1 Notes
8 features of Living Things
• Reproduce
Sexual- 2 parents
Asexual- 1 parent
2. Grow- increase in size
3. Develop- grow parts
4. Need Food
Herbivores- plant eaters
Carnivores-meat eater
Omnivores- eat both plants and animals
Producers- Green plants
5. Use Energy
Cellular respiration food is broken down and
energy is given off
• C6H12O6 + 6O2
6 CO2 + 6H2O
Sugar + oxygen = Carbon dioxide + water
6. Made of cells
7. Respond
8. Are adapted to their environments
6 elements that make up 97% of
living things
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Oxygen
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Sulfur
The Cell Theory
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1665- Robert Hooke “Cells” Robert Hooke
19th Century Schleiden and Schwann
came up with the cell theory.
1. All living things are made of cells
2. Cells are the basic units of structure and
function
3. All cells come from other cells
Chapter 2.2 Notes
Cell parts (organelles)
1. Cell membrane (door to cell) gives cell shape
and holds the cytoplasm. Allow things in and out
of the cell.
2. Nucleus (brain) controls cells activities.
3. Nuclear membrane (door to nucleus) surrounds
nucleus lets things in and out of nucleus.
4. Golgi apparatus (packs) packages and stores
chemicals.
5. Nucleolus- makes ribosomes.
6. chromosomes contains DNA information.
7. Cytoplasm (where chemical reactions occur)
clear, jellylike material between the cell
membrane and the nucleus.
8. Endoplasmic Reticulum- ER- (roads) moves
materials around cell.
9. Ribosomes- make protein.
10. Mitochondria (powerhouse) make energy.
11. Vacuole (storage) liquid-filled space for
storage.
12. Centrioles (reproduction) used during
reproduction.
13. Chloroplast- (make food) have green pigment
called chlorophyll. Plants only.
14. Cell wall (support) thick outer covering that
protects and supports plants. Plants only.
8.
9.
Animal Cell
10.
1.cell
12 cell parts
7.
11.vacuole
2.
5.
/ chromosomes 6.
/ nuclear membrane 3.
4.
12.
Plant Cell
14 cell
parts
Chapter 2.3 Notes
• Diffusion- is the movement of a substance
from a large (high) amount of it to where
there is a small (low) amount of it.
• Osmosis- the diffusion of water.
• The cell membrane has pores.
Levels of Organization
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Cell- basic unit of life
Tissue- group of cells working together.
Organ- group of tissues.
Organ system- group of organs working together.
Organism- group of organ systems working together.
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“Cell” March 6, 2007. http://sun.menloschool.org/~cweaver/cells/animalcell
“Living things”. March 6, 2007. http://www.edu.pe.ca/journeyon/resources_pages/lesson_plans/lesson_plans_13/living_things/images/living_things_000.jpg
“Food Chain”. March 6,2007. http://www.biology-resources.com/images/interdependence-of-living-things.jpg
http://www.edu365.cat/aulanet/comsoc/persones_tecniques/Robert_Hooke_archivos/Robert_Hooke.jpg
“Diffusion”. March 8, 2007.
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http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://epswww.unm.edu/coursinf/eps462/gra
phics/diffusion.gif&imgrefurl=http://epswww.unm.edu/coursinf/eps462/page4.htm&h=3
98&w=518&sz=17&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=1cxDpQrcDhM0M:&tbnh=101&tbnw=131&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddiffusion%26gbv%3D
2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den
“osmosis”. March 8, 2007.
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.biologycorner.com/resources/osmosis.jpg&imgrefurl=http://ww
w.biologycorner.com/bio1/diffusion.html&h=425&w=605&sz=102&hl=en&start=1&tbnid=AqALyzRVcodMuM:&tbnh
=95&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dosmosis%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den
%26sa%3DN
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“Plant Cell”. March 8, 2007. http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plants/images/plantcell450.jpg
“Level of organization”. March 8, 2007.
http://www.learner.org/channel/courses/essential/life/images/show1.levels.jpg