COA Decision Brief
23 AUG 2002
COS, COL MARK KOH
BLUE SINGA
Purpose
COA Decision Briefing
 To present staff conclusions from COA
Analysis and COA comparison to the CCTF
 To facilitate the CCTF’s COA decision
making and recommend the selection of a
military COA to the CCTF
Agenda
 Review on:
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CTF Mission Statement
Crisis Situation
Higher Commander’s Intent
CPG Guidance
C2 Structure
Forces Available
COA Statement/Sketch
 Staff Estimates from Respective
Functional Groups
COA 1
Minimum Military Footprint
Briefer
MAJ Koch
CPG-1 Guidance
Minimum Military Footprint
 Heavy SOF, CMO, and involvement of smaller regional
nations
 Heavy HA, IO, PA, media campaign
 Establish functional composite subordinate Task
Forces (TF) (TF med, TF LOG, TF Security, etc.)
 Strong border regime or Military Exclusion Zone
(MEZ) - CPG make recommendation
 Critical infrastructure repair & CA projects on Tindoro
 Full integration of Multinational Forces
COA 1 STATEMENT
NO EARLIER THAN 28 AUG 02, CTF GOODWILL,
ORGANIZED INTO SUBORDINATE
FUNCTIONAL TASK FORCES, CONDUCTS PKO
AND FACILITATES HA IN THE TINDORO AO TO
ESTABLISH A SECURE AND STABLE
ENVIRONMENT PER UNSCR 147, BY HEAVY
EMPHASIS ON CIVIL MILITARY AND
INFORMATION OPERATIONS, THEREBY
REDUCING THE MILITARY FOOTPRINT.
Command and Control Structure
CCTF
1 X Air Mob Spt
Sqn
1 X TALCE
24 X C-130/160
DIRMOBFOR
CCC
2 X C-5
4 X C-17
1 X KC-135
IL-76 MDX
TF LOG/
MED
1 X MSSG (60 days
then RFF)
TF SOF
1 X SOF HQ
1 X TSOAC
1 X Field Log Spt Staff
2 X MC-130H(RFF)
1 X Army Log Coy
2 X MC-130P(RFF)
1 X Army Spt Group
1 X SOAR (RFF)
1 X Army Surg Unit
1 X ODB
1 X Surgical Team
6 X ODA
4 X Medical Team
1 x RTA SF Det
1 X Air Evac Plt
TF INFO
OPS
TF ENG
TF SEC
1 X PSYOP Coy
1 X Eng Bn
11 X Inf Bns
1 X JPOTF
2 X Eng Coy
5 X MP Coy
1 X JPOTF
PDC
1 X Eng Plt
1 X Civ Pol Coy
3 X ROWPU
1 X FFG
1 X Eng Coy (60 days)
4 X HC-3 Helos
1 X TPD 980
HQ
2 X CH-47
TF CA
1 X CA BDE (-)
COA # 1
PHASE 1: Pre-Deployment
CTF HQ: (ME) Advance Party,
Liaison Officers (LNO) to Host
Nations and SRSG rep. Issue
Prepare to Deploy (PTD) order.
Establish CCC
TF CA: CMO assessment
TF SEC: Pre-deployment
training
TF SOF: Intel gathering, LNO
TF Eng: Engineer Assessment
TF LOG: Log pre-deployment
planning and assessment.
TF IO: Media campaign.
Establish favorable condition
CTF HQ
(NZ)
This phase starts with the Warning Order. The purpose is to stand-up the CTF,assess
the situation and create conditions to conduct Operation Blue Singa. The main effort
is establishing the CTF and deploying the LNOs to each Host Nation. This phase
ends on the first deployment date (C-day).
COA # 1
PHASE 2: Lodgement
CTF HQ: Deploys to Hobart.
Establish Command/Control/
Communication over MNF.
TF CA: Complete assessment.
Establish liaison with NGO/IO
TF SEC: Force Protection handover from UNMOG and
coordination with Host Nation
TF SOF: Assess Host Nation police
CT capability to establish training
program
TF Eng: Establish CTF
infrastructure
TF LOG: (ME) Establish
APOD/SPOD. Combat Service
Support (CSS) set-up.
TF IO: Conduct IO
DIRMOBFOR: Airlift support
CTF HQ
This phase starts upon the initial deployment of forces. The purpose is to deploy forces to
CTF Goodwill Area of Operation (AO) and posture forces in Tindoro to conduct Operation Blue
Singa. The main effort is the inter-theatre force projection and deployment and staging of
CTF into Tindoro. This phase ends when TF SEC is ready and capable to engage in mandate
enforcement.
COA # 1
PHASE 3: Mandate Enforcement
TF CA: Maintain liaison with and commence
support for IO/NGO in HA
TF SEC: (ME) Show of presence and
separation of belligerents by establishing
Military Exclusion Zone (MEZ). Coord the
protect of vital assets. Supervision of
cantonment areas.
TF SOF: Gather intelligence. Facilitate Host
Nations police and security forces training as
requested.
TF Eng: Lines of Comm (LOC) and
emergency infrastructure repairs in support
of CA as requested
TF LOG: CSS and medical support to CTF
and be prepared to assist HA efforts as
required
TF IO: Continue IO and media campaign with
emphasis on restoration of stability
DIRMOBFOR: Coordinates re-supply
MEZ
CTF HQ
This phase starts when forces are postured and chopped, UNMOG has turned-over to CTF and MEZ
declared. The purpose is to establish and maintain a secure environment in collaboration with HN
and Civilian Agencies. The main effort is to establish the presence of the CTF and separate the two
belligerents with priority to the MEZ, the two enclaves, and vital installations. This phase ends when
the Host Nation or Competent Authority is capable and willing to take up CTF responsibilities.
COA # 1
PHASE 4: Transition
CTF HQ: Coordinating transition
to HN and Competent Authority.
TF CA: Coordinate support for
HA and Engineering
TF SEC: (ME) Coordinate/
transfer to Host Nations (HN)
agencies and draw down
presence
TF SOF: Draw down CounterTerrorism training and transition
to Foreign Internal Defense (FID)
TF Eng: Change focus from
supporting security mission to
HA
TF LOG: Continue CSS/
Medical support and conduct
redeployment planning
TF IO: Media Campaign
DIRMOBFOR: Coordinating redeployment plans and assets
MEZ
CTF HQ
This phase starts when CTF begins to transition to HN and Civilian Agencies. The
purpose is to hand-off operations to HN and Civilian Agencies. The main effort is
coordinating and transferring operations to HN and Civilian Agencies. This phase
ends when all transition is complete.
COA # 1
PHASE 5: Redeployment
CTF HQ: Oversees
Redeployment
DIRMOBFOR: (ME) Coordinate
re-deployment of forces
All TFs: Re-deploy
MEZ
CTF HQ
This phase starts when forces begin to re-deploy. The purpose is re-deploy CTF
forces. The main effort is the timely exit of CTF forces and transfer of authority back
to Contributing Nations. This phase ends when the last unit re-deploys.
Addressing the Centre of Gravity
 Most acceptable to the population
– Minimal military footprint
– Heavy emphasis on facilitating HA
 Least interference with the sovereign
states
 Leverages on Info Ops as key arbitrator
of conflicts
 Most economical
COA 2
Heavy Military Footprint
Maj JIM ‘Spicy’ ERB
CPG-2 Guidance
Heavy Military Footprint
 Establish MEZ along TEMASEK Agreement border
 Demilitarization
 Heavy mil-police security
 Full integration of MNF
 Establish CCMOTF to conduct HA & NGO support,
Civil Military Operations (CMO) and support to SRSG
Assumptions
• Advance party can be deployed in AOR before 28 Aug 02.
• Country allow air corridors to be used
• Government of both countries will support UN sanction
• All SPOD & APOD will be available throughout the operation
• MNF will be able to move freely within the AOR
• All ports are capable to handle all goods to be brought by MNF
• All ports are navigable by ships
• All harbour & sea area is safe for MNF movement
COA-2 STATEMENT
The CTF will use a heavy military footprint in order to establish a
secure and stable environment, by force if necessary, in North
and South Tindoro. We will accomplish this through the full
integration of the MNF in order to establish a MEZ along the
TEMASEK Agreement border, to conduct and enforce
demilitarization and to establish a heavy mil-police security. We
will also establish CMOTF to facilitate the conduct of HA and
NGO support, Civil Military Operations (CMO) and support the
SRSG. Upon accomplishment of the enforcement phase of our
mandate, we will conduct stability operations and perform post
crisis transition of our operations to Host Nation responsibilities.
Upon completion of transition the CTF will redeploy to home
stations. The operation will be conducted 6 phases.
Command and Control
CTF GOODWILL
CFLCC
CFACC
CFMCC
CSOTG
CCMOTG
Forces Available
• 8 INF BN, 2 USMC INF BN, 3 INF CO
• 3 ROWPU units
• 5 Engineer CO
• 4 Medical teams, 2 surgical teams
• 2 logistic units
• 1 comms unit (only 60 days)
• 1 SF GP, 1 SF Det
• 6 MP CO
• 1 BDE HQ
• 1 DIV HQ (CTF HQ)
• 1 PSYOP BN
CPOTG
Joint Log CC
AOR
COA #2
PHASE 1: Build-up / Pre-deployment
CTF HQ (Christchurch):
Planning
CFLCC:
Prep for deployment
Establish bases for Forces
Conduct RSOI
CFACC :
Prep for deployment
CFMCC :
Prep for deployment
Joint Log CC :
Establish APOD/SPOD
CSOTG :
Conduct task in support of IO
CCMOTG :
Support of IO
CPOTG :
Conduct of Psy Ops in support of IO
This phase starts on order.
The purpose is to prepare all forces for deployment, to gather information and to establish staging
bases for the deployment.
The main effort is with Joint Log CC to facilitate RSOI. TOA will take place when NCE’s declare that
staging is complete
This phase ends when RSOI established.
MOE: 80% of Forces ready for deployment
COA #2
PHASE 2: Deployment
CTF HQ:
Establish FWB at Hobart and Launcesteon
Execute mission Hand-off with UNMOG
CFLCC:
Deployment of troops
Conduct RSOI
CFACC :
Conduct Air Mobility Operation
CFMCC :
Conduct Maritime Mobility Operation
Deployment of Ships
Joint Log CC :
Coordination with host nations
CSOTG :
Conduct task in support of IO
CCMOTG :
Establishing FWB for liaison
Support of IO
CPOTG :
Conduct Psy Ops in support of IO
This phase starts when TCC Forces arrive in AOR.
The purpose is secure foothold.
The main effort is CTG LCC .
This phase ends when all troops arrive.
MOE
CTF assets available for operation.
COA #2
PHASE 3: Mandate Enforcement
CTF HQ:
Execute mission Hand-off with UNMOG
CFLCC:
Occupy and establish border regime (MEZ)
Conduct RSOI
Separation of hostile factions
Provide security/presence at DP camps associated
with militia and terrorist activity
CFACC :
Conduct Air Mobility Operation in support of LCC
CFMCC :
Conduct Maritime Mobility Operation
Deployment of Ships
Joint Log CC :
Coordination with host nations
CSOTG :
Conduct task in support of IO
CMOTG :
Support of IO
Coordination and liaison with NGOs/IOs/UN SRSG
Facilitate humanitarian assistance
Facilitate reintegration of DPs to respective
communities
Management of CMOC
CPOTG :
Conduct Psy Ops in support of IO
Phase 4 prep (stability Ops)
MEZ
This phase starts when TCC forces have
commenced operations. The purpose is to
implement the enforcement phase of the
mandate.
The main effort is CFLCC.
This phase ends when all enforcement actions
are in place.
MOE
CTF assets has put in place all enforcement
actions
COA #2
PHASE 4: Stabilization
CTF HQ:
Occupation of FWB at Hobart and Launcesteon
CFLCC:
Conduct RSOI
Maintain / Enforce border regime (MEZ)
Provide security/presence at DP camps associated with militia and terrorist activity
Facilitate development of DP routes and their security
Facilitate transport of DPs as necessary
CFACC :
Conduct Air Mobility Operation in support of LCC
CFMCC :
Conduct Maritime Mobility Operation
Joint Log CC :
Coordination with Host Nations
CSOTG :
MEZ
Conduct task in support of IO
CMOTG :
Support of IO
Coordination and liaison with NGOs/IOs/UN SRSG
Con’t to facilitate humanitarian assistance
Con’t to facilitate reintegration of DPs to respective communities
Con’t to facilitate CivPol in Police trg when requested
CPOTG :
Conduct Psyops in support of IO
Facilitate external news media coverage
Phase 5 prep (Post Crisis)
COA #2
PHASE 4: Stabilization (Cont.)
This phase starts when threats have been subsided.
The purpose is to establish a secure and stable environment.
The main effort is CFLCC.
This phase ends with the establishment of a conducive
environment for reintegration of DPs.
MOE
Environment is stable and safe.
COA #2
PHASE 5: Post Crisis
CTF HQ:
Occupation of FWB at Hobart and Launcesteon
Execute mission handoff from MNF to host nations
Planning for re-deployment
CFLCC:
Maintain security/presence at DP camps associated
with militia and terrorist activity
Con’t to facilitate development of DP routes and their
security
Con’t to facilitate transport of DPs as necessary
Prepare to h/o security responsibilities(including
MEZ) to host nations
Prepare for re-deployment
CFACC :
Conduct Air Mobility Operation
Prepare for re-deployment
CFMCC :
Conduct Maritime Mobility Operation
Prepare for re-deployment
Joint Log CC :
Coordination with host nations
Prepare for re-deployment
CSOTG :
Conduct task in support of IO
Prepare for re-deployment
CCMOTG :
Support of IO
Con’t to facilitate humanitarian assistance
Con’t to facilitate reintegration of DPs to respective
communities
Con’t to facilitate CivPol in Police trg when requested
Prepare for re-deployment
Management of CMOC
CPOTG :
Conduct of Psy Ops in support of IO
Facilitate external news media coverage
Prepare for re-deployment
This phase starts when a secure and stable environment has been established.
The purpose is to ensure smooth transition of responsibilities to host nations.
The main effort is CCMOTG.
This phase ends when transition to host nations is complete.
MOE
Ability of host nations to provide a safe and stable environment.
COA #2
PHASE 6: Redeployment
CTF HQ:
Execute re-deployment plans
CFLCC:
Re-deployment
CFACC :
Re-deployment
CFMCC :
Re-deployment
JLCC :
Re-deployment
This phase starts when transition has been accomplished.
The purpose is to return forces back to home stations.
The main effort is CTF HQ.
This phase ends when all TCCs have departed N. / S. Tindoro.
MOE
All TCCs have departed N. / S. Tindoro.
MEZ
COA 2 Advantages and
Disadvantages
Advantages –
• More security & stability
• Strong Deterrence Effect
Disadvantages –
• Strong military presence may result in friction with
NGOs/IOs/Populace
COA Decision Criteria (5)
 Security Response
 Synergy with HA effort
 Coalition Building
 Flexibility of Plan
 Sustainability
COA ANALYSIS BY COMPONENT
COMMAND GROUPS
CFLCC
Phase
Critical Event
Action
Reaction
1
Prep & establishing of bases
for RSOI
No freedom of movement &
non availability of SPOD &
APOD
CTF HQ to coordinate with
host nations to ensure that
these facilities are made
available
2
Preparation for Occupation &
establishment of MEZ
Locating presence of local
populace & leadership
within defined MEZ
Coordinate with host nations
Option 1: Eviction of populace
by force
Option 2: Allow populace to
stay
3
 Occupation of MEZ
 Separation of hostile faction
 Identification of hostile
factions/militia within AOR
 Militia create problems &
endanger troops, NGOs and
IOs
 Seek assistance from host
nations. Active info gathering
activities
 Have a reaction force as
reserve to deal with such
incidents
 Providing security to DP
camps associated with militia
& terrorist activities
4
Enforcement of border regime
Violation of regime by militia
Forces on ground, local
ground commander must be
prepared to react with force
5
Repatriation
Transfer of authority
Ensure that host nations t/o
6
Demobilization
Return to Home Stations
CFACC
Phase 1
• WARNOR change to execute order
Phase 2
• Air mobility assets in place to accept strategic airlift
• Arrival of marine tactical aviation
Contingency Plan – Backup APOD of Launceston & Warrnaubool
Phase 3, 4 & 5
• Start of helo ops to support the MEZ
• Ability to begin tactical airlift ops
• Departure of marine tactical aviation
Phase 6
• When are all assets out of AOR?
CFMCC
Phase 1
• All ships sail out to AOR.
Phase 2
• Ships arrive in AOR; selected ports for N Tindoro: Launceston - priority 1,
Macquarie Harbour - priority 2; for S Tindoro: Hobart - priority 1, Dover - priority 2
• Secure harbour for MNF landing
Phase 3
• Transportation of troops to different locations
• Deployment of US marine in N and S Tindoro
• UK frigate deploy between Samagaland and N Tindoro
• Australian LCT deploy in N Tindoro
• M’sia LCT – one in N Tindoro, one in S Tindoro
Phase 4 & 5
• Assisting in HA & movement of DPs
Phase 6
• Boarding of troops and return to home stations
CSOTG
Phase 1
• Conduct Special Recon(SR)and coalition support (CS)
• Critical event is deployment of SF Group and gaining operational capability within
2 weeks arrival
Phase 2
• Continue SR and CS missions
• Critical event is gathering information on CCTF PIR and CCIR
Phase 3 & 4
• Continue SR and CS missions
• Critical event is monitor MEZ for violations and answering the CCIR and PIR
Phase 5
• End SR and CS missions
• Begin to redeploy to staging area
• Critical event is providing adequate information to CCTF while redeploying
Phase 6
• Complete redeployment to home station
Issue: Request for authority to deploy CSOTG forces into country prior to 28 Aug
CMOTG
Phase 1
• Identify prob locations of CMOCC and other detachment
• No info on NGOs/IOs deployed on the ground
Contingency plan – Change of pre-identified location for easy deployment
Phase 2
• Temp establishment of CMOC that might be moved after info gathered
• No comms estab. with NGOs & IOs.
• Request from NGOs & IOs exceed our capabilities
Contingency plan – Prioritise the request from NGOs and IOs by areas
Phase 3 & 4
• Sustain facilitating activities with NGOs for DPs and HA
• Routes of movement DPs not secured
Contingency plan – Request assistance from CFLCC
Phase 5
• Develop indicators to identify best COA to h/o to local authorities
• Local authorities not ready to t/o
CPOTG/IO
Phase 1
• Change in consent by one or more parties
• Action by Coalition force to cause loss of creditability or legitimacy of CTF
operations
• Compromise of CTF plans or orders.
Phase 2
• Change by general populace in acceptance of CTF
• Compromise of CTF plans or orders.
Phase 3, 4 & 5
• Host Nation changes acceptance
• Loss of creditability
Phase 6
• Host Nation security posture changes
Joint Log CC
Phase 1 - Access to APOD & SPOD denied
Contingency plan – Identify alternative landing sites
Phase 2 – Some countries arrive late, scheduling disrupted, confusion
- Military threat
Contingency plan – Prepare rescheduling plans effectively
Phase 3 – Disruption to resupply due to: poor weather, flooding, expired UN
contracts, terrorist actions
- Mass casualty situation
Contingency plan – Identify alternative means & routes of resupply e.g. airlift, sealift
- Refer back to SOFA for new UN contracts
- Prioritizing of in-coming & out-going flights
Phase 4 – Overwhelming request for assistance by NGOs/Ios (e.gt. Food, water &
transport)
Contingency plan – Prioritize assets within units
- Same risks as P3
Phase 5 & Phase 6 – No significant critical event
REVIEW ON COA # 3
LTC KISHIKAWA
BLUE SINGA
CTF MISSION
STATEMENT
Coalition Task Force GOODWILL will deploy a
multinational force no earlier than 28 August 02 (CDay), to conduct peacekeeping operations in North
and South Tindoro, in accordance with UNSCR
147, to create the conditions necessary for the
governments of North and South Tindoro to
maintain a secure and stable environment.
CRISIS SITUATION
 Threats
– Terrorism
 Operating
from Displaced persons (DP) camps
in Queenstown and the Fingal enclave.
– Poor law & order (Banditry)
 Direct
impact on relief operations
– Aggression from opposing military forces
 Still
deployed along border
– Poor humanitarian conditions
 May be exploited by
 Cause low morale
terrorists & bandits
– Economy affected by war
HIGHER CDR’S INTENT
I intend for CTF GOODWILL to conduct
peacekeeping operations in support of UNSCR
147, by providing a secure and stable
environment in North and South Tindoro, so
that the inhabitants can rebuild their lives,
economies, and social institutions in peace.
CPG-3 Guidance
Sector Establishment
 Sector assignment of participating forces
 Plan for smooth coordination of NGO / HA support
 Security patrols / demilitarization
 Coordinate reintegration of DPs across sectors and
borders
 Strong border regime or MEZ - CPG make
recommendation
 Minimize inefficiencies created by force structure
 Determine optimum logistic support
Lead Nation CTF Component Organization
Functional Component & Task Force
CIB
Commander
Coalition / Combined
Task Force
(CCTF)
CCCC
CMOC
CFLCC
CFMCC
Amphibious
Commander
CFACC
Logistics
Component
Commander
Force List
• 8 IN BN, 1 USMC IN BN, 3 IN CO
• 3 ROWPU units
• 5 Engineer CO
• 4 Medical teams, 2 surgical teams
• 2 logistic units
• 1 comms unit (only 60 days)
• 1 SF BN, 1 SF Det
• 6 MP CO
• 1 BDE HQ
• 1 DIV HQ (CTF HQ)
• 1 PSYOP BN
COA Statements
•
Purpose: I will form a multinational force to help
create conditions necessary to establish a secure
and stable environment in North and South
Tindoro. All of our actions in keeping hostile
forces apart, assisting with HA and return of DPs,
must be focused towards this end.
•Method: I will commence this operation no earlier than 28
Aug 02. I will conduct this operation in 5 phases (pre-crisis
response, lodgment, enforcement of mandate, stabilization
& transition, post-crisis).
Phase 1 - Pre-Crisis Response
PHASE 1: Pre-Crisis
CTF HQ: Assessment teams
(AT)/Liaison Officers (LO) in theater,
commence Info Ops in preparation
for CTF HQ and CMOC to be in
Hobart by end of Phase I
CFLCC: LO with AT and HQ,
Prepare for Lodgment
CFMCC: LO with AT and HQ,
Prepare for Lodgment
CFACC: LO with AT and HQ,
Prepare for Lodgment
AMPHIBCDR: LO with AT and HQ,
Complete embarkation plan
LogCC: LO with AT and HQ,
Prepare for Lodgment
This phase starts with the Warning Order. The purpose is to stand-up the CTF, assess the situation
and create conditions to conduct Operation Blue Singa. The main effort will be assessment of the
situation, deployment of Liaison Officers, and preparation for Lodgment (Phase II), including
confirmation of CROE, and other interoperatability issues. The focus of our Info Ops will be the
reinforcement of concurrence with the host nations. This phase ends on the first deployment date
(C-day) No Earlier Than (NET) 28 Aug 02.
COA # 3 Phase 2 - Lodgement
PHASE 2: Lodgement
CTF HQ: Continue Info Ops and
immediately establish Forward
Command Element (FCE), CMOC,
CIB and CCCC at Hobart.
CFLCC: Deploy into sectors,
prepare QRF, and establish
SPODs/APODs, and receive
handoff from UNMOG by sector.
CFMCC: Establish Sea Lines of
Communication
CFACC: Establish Air Lines of
Communication
AMPHIBCDR: Move to AOR,
prepare QRF.
LogCC: Support deployment
This phase starts upon the initial deployment of forces. The purpose is to deploy
forces to CTF Goodwill Area of Operation (AO), and posture forces in Tindoro to
conduct Operation Blue Singa. The main effort will be the deployment and
consolidation of forces, and the cooperation with other agencies. This phase ends
upon the establishment of the CTF in Tindoro.
COA # 3 Phase 3 – Mandate Enforcement
CTF HQ: Continue Info Ops
CFLCC: Conduct PKO by
sector
CFMCC: Control patrolling in
sea sectors
CFACC: General support
AMPHIBCDR: Maintain QRF
and assist as required
LogCC: Maintain support
This phase starts when forces are postured and in assigned sectors and UNMOG has turned-over to
CTF. The purpose is to establish the credibility of the CTF and separate the two belligerents. The
main effort is the establishing of a Military Exclusion Zone (MEZ) to separate the two belligerents.
This phase ends when the belligerents are separated, no further cross border incursions occur, and
formal border regimes are in place.
COA # 3 Phase 4 –
Stabilization and Transition
CTF HQ: Facilitate HA,
transition
CFLCC: Facilitate HA,
transition
CFMCC: Facilitate HA,
transition
CFACC: Facilitate HA,
transition
AMPHIBCDR: Facilitate HA,
transition
LogCC: Facilitate HA,
transition
This phase starts when the CTF has gained control of the security situation, allowing the
CTF to reinforce where possible, the capacity of the NGOs, IOs, and host nations to
provide humanitarian assistance. My main effort will be the sustainment of the mandate.
This phase ends when transition is complete.
COA # 3 Phase 5 - Redeployment
CTF HQ: Redeploy
CFLCC: Redeploy
CFMCC: Redeploy
CFACC: Redeploy
AMPHIBCDR: Redeploy
LogCC: Redeploy
This phase starts when a secure and stable environment can be sustained by the host
nations without CTF assistance, and the handoff is complete. The purpose is to redeploy CTF forces. The main effort is the redeployment of CTF forces. This phase
ends when the last unit re-deploys.
COA Comparison
Coalition Planning Group (CPG)
Co-leaders LTC Lee and CPT Snyder
COA Comparison Matrix
Criteria
WT COA #1
COA #2
COA #3
raw
w eighted
raw
w eighted
raw
w eighted
Security
3
3
9
3
9
3
9
Acceptance
3
3
9
2
6
3
9
Synergy with HA Effort
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
Coalition Building
2
2
4
2
4
3
6
Simplicity
2
2
4
2
4
3
6
Total:
28
25
32
Comparison Criteria
Criteria
Remarks
Security
The provision of security in the MEZ or on the border and against asymmetric threats
in the area of operations.
Acceptance
The acceptance and trust of the MNF by NGOs, IOs, and Host Nations through its
transparent, legal, legitimate, and proportional acts and its credibility and impartiality.
The synergy of the HA effort provided by the MNFs ability to facilitate, coordinate,
Synergy with HA Effort command, or control as appropriate, all civil military activities.
The trust, confidence, appreciation, and unity of effort built within the MNF through the
prudent application of TCC abilities and the focused inclusion of smaller, regional
Coalition Building TCCs.
Simplicity
The simplicity inherent in the plan through its efficient task organization, streamlined
command relationships, delegated authority, and wise assignment of tasks.
Air Staff Estimate
Maj Pek Hong Hwa
Planning Factors & Assumptions
 Initial planning factor for Air Mobility is 130 pallets per day C+0
– C+30
 CFACC is a supporting commander
 Marine assets will give TACON of excess sorties to Air
Component Commander (CFACC)
 Two Strategic APOD’s: Hobart, Launceston
 Hub-and-spoke distributions by Tactical Aviation to sectors
 Assumptions
 All APOD’s will remain open
 No diplomatic clearance problems
 Freedom of movement for all air assets in Tindoro
Phase I
TASK: Liaison with assessment teams and
Headquarters
 Deploy site survey teams
 Deploy Tactical Air Logistics Control Element (TALCE)
 Prepare APOD’s and airspace coordination
procedures for incoming Strategic airlift
Phase II
TASK: Establish Air Lines of Communication
 Establish Airspace Control Measures
 Support initial sector deployment of TCC forces
Phase III
TASK: General Lift Support
 MEDIVAC
 Security
 QRF support
 Intra-theater tactical logistic support
Phase IV
TASK: Facilitate HA Transition
 Assist in draw-down of MNF
 As requirements diminish, release air assets for
re-deployment
Phase V
TASK: Re-deployment
 Support strategic re-deployment
STAFF ESTIMATES
GROUND OPS ESTIMATE
MAJ KARL FORD UK(A)
8 SECTORS
ISSUES/RECOMMENDATIONS
• C2:
• LCC HQ: Devenport (Sing bde HQ)
• Sector HQs: Bn/BG HQs
• RSOI:
• Security to SPOD (N) & SPOD (S)
• Phasing: Enclaves, MEZ, others (log &
time)
• Troops to Task:
• Differing sector priorities
• Bn/BGs force-packaged at coy level
ISSUES/RECOMMENDATIONS
• Coord:
• Sectors aligned with existing
administrative/police boundaries
• Cross-MEZ integration
• Sector CMOCs
• Military Coordination Committee (LCC)
• Joint
• QRF:
• CTF res carries risk
• LCC res constituted on coy gps; relies on avn
• MEZ: importance of cantonment
STAFF ESTIMATES
MARITIME
CDR DAVID ISSITT
STAFF ESTIMATES
MARITIME
 Phase I:
– Prepare for lodgment
– Deployment of maritime LOs
 Phase II (Extended):
– Lodgment
+ 5 to C + 27 Days – Maritime
 C + 18 – US Amphibious Assets
C
– Liaison with LCC on security of SPODs
– Seaside harbour security
STAFF ESTIMATES
MARITIME
 Phase III
– Control patrolling in sea sectors (Maritime)
– Maintain QRF and assist as required (Amphib)
– Spare capacities
 Provide
logistics flow at sea (Log CC)
 Provide maneuver by sea (LCC)
 Potential platform for Info Ops
 Neutral Negotiation platform
 Emergency Afloat HQ
STAFF ESTIMATES
MARITIME
 Phase IV:
– As in Phase III
– Spare capacities:
 As
in Phase III
 Facilitate HA
 Phase V:
– Re-deploy
– C + 42 (Amphib)
– As ordered (Maritime – via multiple Liberty ports)
STAFF ESTIMATES
MARITIME
 Logistics sustainability
– Store ships/Oiler
– Shuttle to Christchurch
– Host nations support
 Capability Gaps
– Request for additional combatant and MPA to enforce
maritime separation
– Considerations for seaside harbour security
(asymmetric threats)
 Request
for small crafts
 Local contract small crafts
STAFF ESTIMATES
Special Operations
STAFF ESTIMATES
Legal
LtCol Havranek
Model Participating Nations
Agreement
 Memorandum Among Coalition Nations:
 Cross
Service Agreements
 Claims
 Command and control (National & MNF)
 Intel Sharing
 Disciplinary Actions
Rules of Engagement
 ROE Coordination Cell
– Deconflict Differing National Policies
– Consider Whether More Robust ROE are
Required by the Situation
 ROE Training
 Detainee
– Policy and Procedures
STAFF ESTIMATES
Command & Control
Briefer :
CPT KEVIN “LOONEY” WEE
Lead Nation CTF Component Organization
Functional Component & Task Force
CIB
Commander
Coalition / Combined
Task Force
(CCTF)
CCCC
CMOC
CFLCC
CFACC
CFMCC
Amphibious
Commander
Logistics
Component
Commander
BASIC SET-UP
Along Functional lines integrating 8 separate sectors
Primary Considerations
• Coordination between 8 Sectors – to avoid
repetition of effort
• Strict adherence to C2 procedures and
processes
• Lines of Communications critical
• LNOs vital, with clear direction from higher HQ
• Coordination with border regime
• Coordination with MEZ
• Clear understanding of ROE and Sector authority
STAFF ESTIMATES
Communications
LT Maama Misi
STAFF ESTIMATES
 ASSETS
– 1x SAF Division Signal Battalion
– 1x MSQ 126 (60 days only)
– TCC organic communication assets
 ASSUMPTIONS
– Able to leverage Host Nations’ civil telecommunications
network infrastructure
– Good satellite coverage over the Area of Operations
– All TCC equipment is compatible (ie. Able to operate in
clear and fixed frequencies)
– Encrypted Communications are only required from CTF
to SAF & CTF to Component Commanders
STAFF ESTIMATES
 Concept
– To leverage Host Nation civil
telecommunications network
– Employ MSQ 126 to link CTF HQs (Hobart) to
SAF HQs
– SAF Division Signal Battalion installs terrestrial
(Line of sight) UHF communication network to
Component Commanders
– Integrate Civil and Military networks to improve
the reach
STAFF ESTIMATES
 Concept (continued)
– Gradually expand the terrestrial network to the
Sector Forces’ HQ
 Limiting Factors
– Terrain
– Interoperability
– Additional communication assets required
STAFF ESTIMATES
Engineer
Capt Isireli Cataka
ENGINEER DEPLOYMENT
SECTOR OVERVIEW
Engineers North
Engineers South
Engineer Units Allocation
• Engineers North - North Tindoro
 Australia – 1 Engineer Company
200 personnel + 10 support personnel
1 Road Team + 2 Fld Troops + 1 Fld Sqd (ROWPU)
 Korea – 1 Engineer Company
150 personnel
1 Road Team + 2 Fld troops + Construction Equip
Mauritius – 1 Engineer Platoon
50 personnel + 5 support personnel
 1 Field Troop
• Engineers South - South Tindoro
 Japan – 1 Engineer Battalion
450 personnel + 40 Support Personnel
2 Field Companies + 1 Support Co. + 30 Pieces of Construction
Equipment
ENGINEER PHASE EMPLOYMENT
 Phase 1
– Engineer Preparation
– Coodinate and confirm with all available TCC Engineer
Units
 Phase 2
– Maintain LOCs open (especially APODs)
– Support to establishment of CTF HQs (North and South)
 Phase 3
– Priority 1: support to CTF
– Priority 2: coord and planning to facilitate HA
 Phase 4
– Facilitate HA
– Maintain support to CTF
 Phase 5
– Redeployment
PROBABLE ENGINEER TASKS
• Support Forces Tactical Mobility in the Combined
Operation Area
Landing zones
• Influence local population with HA/HCA projects as part
of CA portion of campaign
Production of water
Construction of shelters
Repair/Maintenance of Roads/Shelters
Power for isolated areas
• Survivability and Force Protection support to friendly
forces
Barriers/protection
• Re-integration/Repatriation
Primary support to military. Spare capacity to HA/DR.
STAFF ESTIMATES
Logistics Concept of
Support
CPT Dana “Dundee” Alexander
Logistics Concept of Support
PHASE 1: Pre-Crisis
CSS North
Launceston
Hobart
CSS South
Combat Service Support (CSS)
PHASE I
(Pre-Crisis)
PHASE II
(Lodgement)
PHASE III
(Mandate
Enforcement)
PHASE IV
(Stabilization)
Preparation for CTF Arrival: - Buildup stock holdings of Classes 1,3,& 5;
LNOs to Host Nation;
Establish Fuel Contracts with local bulk fuel installations;
MOU/Mutual Logistics Support Agreement established btwn countries;
Finance contractor commence local civil contracts at HN. (Log Civil
Augmentation Program)
Reception, Staging, Onward Movement & Integration: - Establish
Combat Service Support Area-North vicinity of Devonport;
Establish CSSA-South vicinity Hobart;
Commence RSOI;
Establish SPODs at Devonport and Hobart;
Establish APODs at Launceston and Hobart;
Main focus on CTF: -Classes 1, 3 & 5 pushed from CSSAs to AO CSS
elements. (Rail, road, air, and sea)
Main focus on CTF: - Be prepared to facilitate HA request from CTF HQs.
Return focus to the CTF for redeployment planning.
Ensure LOG hand-off to HN agencies is complete.
PHASE V
(Redeployment) RSOI to home locations: - Downscale/transfer stocks and coordinate
redeployment.
STAFF ESTIMATES
Civil Affairs
&
PSYOPS
Maj Robinson
COA Statements
• PHASE 1: PRE- CRISIS RESPONSE .
• Assessment teams (AT) / Liaison Officers in theater. CMOC will be in
HOBART by the end of this phase. All of our actions are geared in
keeping hostile forces apart, assisting with HA and return of DPs.
• PHASE 2 – LODGEMENT
• Establishment of Forward Command Element in Hobart and Civil
Military Coordination Board (CMCB).
• Establishment of CAT-A level CMOCs in each sector.
• PHASE 3 – MANDATE ENFORCEMENT
• Support IO and facilitate HA support
• PHASE 4 – STABILIZATION AND TRANSITION
• Facilitate HA transition
• PHASE 5 – REDEPLOYMENT
• Redeploy
Lead Nation CTF Component Organization
Functional Component & Task Force
CIB
Commander
Coalition / Combined
Task Force
(CCTF)
CCCC
CMCB
CMOC
CFLCC
CAT-A
CAT-A
CAT-A
CAT-A
CAT-A
CAT-A
CAT-A
CAT-A
CFMCC
Amphibious
Commander
CFACC
Logistics
Component
Commander
ENDSTATE
 REINTEGRATION OF DPs TO RESPECTIVE
COMMUNITIES
 HOST NATION TO ASSUME HA EFFORT IN
COORDINATION WITH IOs & NGOs
STAFF ESTIMATES
Special Operations
STAFF ESTIMATES
Special Operations
Maj Wong
Special Operations (CSOTF)
• Known Facts
•
•
•
•
Terrorist activities Fengal and Queenstown
Suspected operating base – displaced person camps
Denounce of terror activities by both governments
Insufficient information on terror activity
• Assumptions
• Request for Forces (RFF) for Special Ops airlift will be supported
• Separate components to HQ CTF
• Commanders intent
• Support QRF
• Assist Internal Defense training as requested
• Limitations
• CTF will not Conduct Counter Terrorist Actions
Special Operations (CSOTF)
• Tasks
• Assist establishment of lines of
communication as required
• Augment overall security plan
• Assist Internal Defense training as requested
• Supports Reactionary force
Special Operations (CSOTF)
 Phase 1, Pre-Crisis Response
– Deployment; establish HQ
 Phase 2, Lodgement
– Support Quick Reaction Force (QRF) tasking
as appropriate
 Phase 3, Mandate Enforcement
– Continue support QRF
– Assist in training as requested
Special Operations (CSOTF)
 Phase 4, Stabilization – Transition
– On order, redeploy
 Phase 5, Redeployment
– Complete redeployment
STAFF ESTIMATES
Intelligence
CDR Thomas Raivet
Intel Estimate
 Threats
– Terrorism
 Operating
from DP camps
– Poor law & order
 Direct
impact on relief operations
– Aggression from opposing military forces
 Still
deployed along border
– Poor humanitarian conditions
 May be exploited by
 Cause low morale
terrorists & bandits
– Economy affected by war
Intel Estimate
 Key considerations
– Geography – mountainous & wet
 Good
terrain for bandits & terrorists
– Low morale - difficult to gain support
 Economy
– unemployment & poverty
– Well established terrorist cells
 Existing
terrorists’ infrastructures
– Disposition & readiness of North & South
Tindoro forces
Intel Organization
 Intel ops centre at CTF HQ
–
–
–
–
Overall all-source intel operations
Work thru sector S2s, coordinate sector intel collection
Liaise with counter-intel and police
Force protection cell
 S2 in each sector HQ
– Responsible for sector intel ops
 Comms connectivity
– External, worldwide connectivity
– CTF/CC with S2s and others esp law enforcement
agencies, national intel agencies
Intel Products
 Twice daily shift-change intel briefings
 Early warning for threats
 Formulate & disseminate CTF HQ-level
int products e.g. Intel Info Reps,
summaries, spot-reps, imagery products
 Manage Req For Info
 Coord & meetings with sector S2s
STAFF ESTIMATES
Information Ops
Public Affairs
Major Billy Canedo
Information Operations
 Purpose: Facilitate communications and perceptions to
support the MNF, while protecting own information and info
systems
 Psychological Operations (PSYOP): Influence populace
perceptions to facilitate MNF mission accomplishment
 Operations Security (OPSEC) : Protect sensitive operational
info
 Information Assurance (IA): Protect critical info systems
 Public Affairs (PA): Legitimize the MNF mission
IO: Phase One
 CTF HQ: Establish Information Operations Working
Group and LOs to Host Nations
 PSYOP: Assessment teams garner local target
audience support for introduction of MNF forces
 OPSEC: Protect sensitive OPLANS, C2, and movement
information
 IA: Protect info and info systems from adversary
incursions among TCC HQs
 PA: Promulgate PA Guidance, establish Coalition
Information Bureau (CIB) at CTF HQs
IO: Phase Two
 PSYOP: Sustain legitimacy of MNF mission, establish
media systems, noninterference messages
 OPSEC: Mask critical signatures of CTF into contested
areas (movement of Commanders and forces)
 IA: Priority of protection changes from CTF to
deploying Commanders’ information systems
 PA: Establish CIBs in country at Host Nation’s
capitols, integrating with local media and HN
information ministries
IO: Phase Three
 PSYOP: Facilitate understanding of Mandate to garner
cooperation with MNF; support and enhance HA
 OPSEC: Protect signatures and movements
associated with possible necessary enforcement
activities
 IA: Priority changes to protection of information
systems in use by deployed forces
 PA: Facilitate external and internal information,
leveraging Command Information Messages
IO: Phase Four
 PSYOP: Continue support of HA; prepare
populace for transition
 OPSEC: Mask critical force movements as
necessary
 IA: Protect information systems between MNF
and Host Nation agencies
 PA: Transition local information management
to host nations
IO: Phase Five
 PSYOP: Redeploy forces
 OPSEC: Support redeployment
 IA: Support redeployment
 PA: Redeploy and evaluate
STAFF ESTIMATES
MEDICAL ESTIMATE
LTC Faizal Bin Baharuddin
Planning considerations
 Support is primarily directed towards
CTF units. Extra capacity will be used to
facilitate HA effort.
 Force protection against cholera is a
priority.
 Limited surgical assets with no
permanent Level 3 facility in theatre
(note: USS Essex is available from C+18
– C+46)
Concept of operations
(In all Phases)
 Level 1 support to be provided at Sector
level.
 Level 2 support (surgical teams) to be
centralised at Launceston (NT) and
Hobart (ST).
 Level 3/4 support identified in
Samagaland and Australia.
 High reliance on helicopters for in
theatre evacuation.
Requests
 Deployment of permanent in theatre
Level 3 facility (field hospital).
 UN chartered air ambulance for strategic
evacuation.
Commander’s Guidance