How to Teach
Pronunciation
Ideas for Improving Students’
Pronunciation
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Imitation of teacher or recorded model of
sounds, words and sentences
Recording of student speech, contrasted with
native model
Systematic explanation and instruction
(including details of the structure and
movement of parts of the mouth)
Imitation drills: repititon of sounds, words and
sentences
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Choral repetition of drills
Varied repetition of drills (varied speed,
volume, mood)
Learning and performing dialogues as with
drills, using choral work, and varied speed,
volume, mood)
Learning by heart of sentences, rhymes, jingles
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Chants
Tongue twisters
Self-correction through listening to recording
of own speech
(Cambridge University Press 1995)
How to Teach
Vocabulary
Introduction
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Vocabulary is one of the fundamentals of
English. Students need to be prepared with a
wide and vivid vocabulary to compete in the
world's marketplace. The challenge of teaching
vocabulary is creating lesson plans that are
both effective and entertaining.
Instructions:
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Choose a list of words to focus on
that's an integral part of the students'
existing curriculum. Include words
that students find in their everyday
lives. Provide vocabulary words that
are age appropriate.
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Motivate students by creating
rewards, games, puzzles and other
fun activities. Mix a variety of
activities centered on vocabulary to
reach a broader range of students.
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Model proper use of vocabulary
words. Use language creatively and
with gusto. Have fun with your own
vocabulary and students will want to
have fun with theirs.
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Create a word wall where students
write new and interesting vocabulary
words. Refer to the wall often during
class so students become familiar
with it and its purpose.
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Quiz and test the students on their
vocabulary words. Disguise the
purpose, learning vocabulary, of the
quiz. Explain that quizzes and tests
only help the teacher know how well
the students have been taught.
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Revisit old vocabulary words often.
Bring them up casually in class and
on quizzes. Tell students that
learning does not end after the test. It
is important for them to recall
vocabulary words.
How to Teach Vocabulary to ESL
Students
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For ESL students, vocabulary is the most
important element leading to reading
comprehension. Without extensive vocabulary
teaching and practice, ESL learners will not be
able to reach the required proficiency standard
of reading. This article will look at some
tactics for incorporating more vocabulary
teaching basics.
Instructions:
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Decide which vocabulary items you wish to
teach for the first time. There should be no
more than 10 of these items, and ideally they
should be pulled from a reading
comprehension text that students will read.
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Prepare interesting pre-reading activities using
vocabulary. Provide many new opportunities
for students to encounter the word. This can be
done by showing the word using a picture or a
flashcard.
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Provide opportunities for students to recognize the
word in a variety of contexts using sentences,
describing pictures and playing games. A good
elementary level games is "I spy," where you describe
a word and students have to guess the word. This
game can be played in groups, individually or with
the entire class. When planning recognition type
activities, include a variety of activities that will
engage the students and stimulate them cognitively.
Activities need not be too challenging and should
motivate and interest them to learn the language.
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Progress from recognition style activities to
production-based activities, which require
students to do something else with the word
other than simply recognize its meaning.
Spelling bees and short creative writing
assignments where students brainstorm around
a targeted vocabulary word from a list are a
few such activities.
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Prepare assessments that combine both
recognition and production-based tasks.
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Circle around a variety of learning styles. For
your audio type learners, use more dictation
practice activities, while your visual learners
could benefit from more picture use, especially
when learning the word for the first time.
How to Teach the Meaning
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by using an English dictionary.
you should write them on the board for the
learners.
you should make students repeat the
pronunciation of each word.
you should give examples using the new words
to make them guess the meaning
give them the right meaning in a simple words
in the same language
Students’ Mistakes
False friends.
 Grammatical problems.
 Native language interference.
 Common mistakes.
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How should teachers correct
students’ mistakes
Let the student tries to correct
himself.
 Let another student to help him.
 The teacher can provide the right
answer.
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