Kingdom: Fungi
Domain Eukarya
Domain
Bacteria
AP Biology
Domain
Archaea
Domain
Eukarya
2007-2008
Common ancestor
General characteristics
 Classification criteria
eukaryotes
 heterotrophs

 feed by absorption

mostly multicellular
 except unicellular yeasts

cell wall
 chitin
 rigid polysaccharide

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sexual & asexual reproduction
Fungal Structure
 Fungal body

mycelium
 thread-like cells
 hyphae
 Cells

multiple nuclei
 Cell wall

chitin
 just like crab shells
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Internal structure
 Eukaryotic cells

long, thread-like cells
 filamentous

incomplete divisions
between cells
 septum

multiple nuclei
Aaaaah,
structure–function
relationship!
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chitin cell wall
septum
pore
nuclei
Modes of Nutrition
 Heterotrophic
fungal hypha
secrete digestive enzymes
 feed by absorption

 parasites
 feeding on living creatures
plant cell
 predators
membrane
 paralyzing prey
 decomposer
 breakdown dead remains
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Fungi live IN
their food!
It’s like you living
in Chocolate cake!
plant
cell wall
plant cell
Fungal Diversity
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Fungi
Ecological Roles
 Decomposers

recycle nutrients
 Symbiotic Relationships

lichen
 fungi + algae
 cyanobacteria or green algae
 pioneer species in
ecosystems
 makes soil from bare rock

Lichens are fungi
that have discovered
agriculture!
mycorrhizae
 fungi + plants
 enables plants to absorb more water
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Mycorrhizae
 Critical role in plant growth

extends water absorption of roots
without
mycorrhizae
Endomycorrhiza
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Ectomycorrhiza
with
mycorrhizae
Reproduction
 Asexual

budding in yeast
 Sexual

spores
 spread by wind

joining of + & – haploid spores
haploid
spores
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Zygomycete (Bread Mold) Life Cycle
spores
(haploid)
mating strain
hypha
sporangium
MEIOSIS
(2n)
diploid
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(n)
haploid
FUSION of
+ and – gametangia
mating strain
Basidiomycete Life Cycle
gills lined
with basidia
fruiting body
basidium
(n + n)
dikaryotic
2n (diploid)
(n)
haploid
strain
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FUSION of
and
hyphae
strain
zygote
MEIOSIS
spores
Fairy Rings
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The FIRST Antibiotics
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Any
Questions??
AP Biology
2007-2008