Revision 1 - Monash University

CSE5806

Telecommunications Management

Lecturer: Ken Fletcher

Lecture 11

CSE5806 Revision 1

This set introduces some new material and summarises Lectures 1 and 2

Copyright Ken Fletcher 2003

Australian Computer Security Pty Ltd

Printed 14-Apr-20 22:12

1

Prepared for: Monash University

Subj: CSE5806 Telecommunications Management

NOTES

This presentation contains ‘hidden slides’

Hidden slides will print in handouts, and can be viewed in

‘slide view’ and ‘slide sorter’ modes, but do not appear in ‘Slide show’ mode.

The hidden slides contain more detail than can be covered in the lecture period




2



CSE5806



What is

Telecommunications Management?

Some thoughts for consideration




3



Roles of Telecommunications Manager

 The Telecommunications Manager has two roles:

• Staff Role Provide Advice and Guidance to Corporate Mgt

– eg Technology: Opportunities, Threats;

– Regulatory Situation, Policies; etc

• Line Role Plans, Organises, Leads and Controls all aspects of Corporate Telecommunications Facilities

(POLC)

• These roles encompass a continuous spectrum of tasks which tend to blur into each role – ie the roles are blurred

– Some aspects of the staff role involve line management, and vice versa

 Recognising the role distinction helps the manager to determine who they need to work with for the various tasks




4



Staff role of Telecomm’s Manager





Staff Role Provide Advice and Guidance to Corporate Mgt

– eg Technology: Opportunities, Threats;

– Regulatory Situation, Policies; etc

What does this really mean?

• Telecomm’s Mgr should be the corporation’s in-house specialist on all matters to do with Telecommunications

• Should be consulted by higher management on all telecommunications matters

• Should regularly report to higher management about trends and issues that may affect corporation’s future

• Technology and related issues

– eg new developments, products, services

– how these can support or enhance business opportunities

• Regulations and governance issues –

– how existing policies, laws, regulations, standards, codes etc impact business, and

– how proposed changes could impact the business

• Commercial intelligence – what other companies are doing in this area

• How is this achieved

– Regular monthly (or bi monthly) meetings with higher levels

–

Involvement with corporate planning groups, change control boards etc

–

Written and verbal reports, presentations, other meetings, think-tanks etc

– Informal chats – eg lunches, golf course, over coffee or drinks, ‘corridor’ meetings




5



Line role of Telecomm’s Manager

 Line Role Plans, Organises, Leads and Controls (POLC) all aspects of Corporate Telecommunications Facilities, including:

• Matters dealt with personally, or closely over-sighted

• Telecommunications Strategic Plan

• Contingency Planning/Business Continuity Planning

• Disaster/Disruption Recovery Planning

• System Design and Project Management aspects requiring close liaison

• Network User specifications

• Technical Specification & Selection of facilities, equipment, software

• Installation and Implementation of equipment, systems, networks

• Managing the Systems or Network Administrators

• Operations and day to day support of users

• Maintenance and Modification

• Other areas may be included - eg Security




6



Management Versus Administration





‘ Administration’ is technically oriented, and deals with day-to-day issues, normally following standard procedures and guidelines

• Tasks are more or less bounded, guidelines available

•

Requires good technical skills and knowledge

– job is paid on this basis

•

Psychologically provides quick feedback and satisfaction

‘Management’ is people and task oriented,

•

Tasks generally not well defined or bounded, limited guidance only available

•

Deals with longer term issues

– more strategic approaches needed

• Requires more subtle approaches than ‘administration’

•

Psychological feedback is slower, and less specific

– job is tougher!

•

Must gain trust of subordinate staff, and learn to trust and respect them

• Fundamentally, a manager is paid for the strategic value of their thinking

• Think strategically (Longer term, broader than simply technology)



Most ‘Network Management’ tools are ‘Administrator’s tools’

• These tools are useful support, but cannot replace competent, hardworking people as managers

•

A fool with a tool is still a fool.

However the tool will mislead him/her more quickly




7



CSE5806



Lecture 1

Development of National

Telecommunication Policy in Australia




8



References

 DCITA web site

(Department of Communications, Information /Technology and the Arts)

– http://www.dcita.gov.au

• Especially review their pages on:

• Telecommunications http://www.dcita.gov.au/Subject_Entry_Page/0,,0_1-2_3,00.html

• Telecommunications Legislation http://www.dcita.gov.au/Article/0,,0_1-2_3-3_213-4_13008,00.html

• DCITA Publications :

– General publications page http://www.dcita.gov.au/Collection/CollectionPage/0,,0_1-2_3-3_143,00.html

– Specific items:

“Liberalisation of the telecommunications sector - Australia's experience” http://www.dcita.gov.au/Article/0,,0_1-2_3-3_143-4_15179,00.html#ac

“Australia’s Strategy for Telecommunications” (2002) http://www.dcita.gov.au/download/0,6183,4_112190,00.pdf




9



Introduction



‘Telecommunications’ is much more than simply technology.

• Must consider social, political, and business environment

– The ‘Need’ issues

– Why is it wanted?

– Is it really needed?

– Who needs it, and

– what for?

– The ‘Implementation’ issues

– Is it affordable?

– Are there alternatives?

– How long will it take to implement?

– What are the ongoing costs and impacts?

– Is it cost-effective?

– Political Decisions

– What laws, regulations, policies etc. are required?

– If we must prioritise, what can be deferred to enable implementation?

• These points apply at national level, as well as to commercial activity




10



Influences

 Geography, Isolation, Demography, and other background –

• Australia is one of the most urbanised countries on earth, and

• One of the most remote, with vast uninhabitable areas.

• Populace generally affluent, close to 100% literate and technically aware

• Fortunately, one of the more stable geographically (and politically)

–

Floods, fires, droughts tend to be slow rather than sudden like earthquakes, and

– generally affect only limited areas at a time

 Political influences in Australia telecommunications include:

– Total government ownership of national internal telecommunications until 1990s

– (and overseas links from 1946 onwards).

– Subsidies to ‘the bush’ - rural, remote and outback areas

• metropolitan services subsidise costs of providing telecommunications services to remote and rural areas.

–

Emphasis was on local manufacture and skills

• especially in the early days – now more inclined to buy from overseas

–

Government influence over locations now weakening

• eg. locations of service hubs (exchanges, switching centres) and major support centres to ensure ‘job creation’ in areas of higher unemployment etc

 Parallels and differences with other countries are clear and important –

– review the countries covered in Syndicate group assignments




11



CoA Legislative Powers

 Australian Constitution (adopted 1901):

• Sect 51: “The Parliament shall have power to make laws

…regarding …

(v) postal, telegraphic, telephonic and other like services”

• Contrast with other federal countries:

– USA: central power only for posts, canals, etc.

–

Canada: federal power over communications between Provinces

(emphasis added)

• Authority for regulating international telecommunications into Australia?

–

Constitution sect 51

(v) ‘posts and telecommunications’ and

(xxix) ‘external affairs’




12



External Telecommunications





Originally international communications were very limited, being only

Morse code telegraphic services via submarine cables installed initially in the 1910-1920 period

• ‘Cable & Wireless’ - a British company with a monopoly on telegraphic services for the British Empire - ran the Australian overseas cable links.

Morse relay centres operated at Jakarta, Christmas Island, Mauritius etc

By 1946 the services had extended to include limited voice circuits, using submarine and HF radio bearers.

• In 1946 the Australian government nationalized the local part of

Cables & Wireless and formed the Overseas Telecommunications

Commission (OTC)




13



Internal Aust. Telecommunications





Initially telecommunications (and post) was a state (colony) matter until federation in 1901:

• different systems in each state

• telegraph stations on the borders

Post-Master General's Department (PMG) was quickly created following federation

• Established to develop and control national systems of postal and telecommunications services.

• Took over 20 years to bring most aspects of telecommunications under unified control.

• PMG (later Telecom) still had state-by-state differences until the

1980s. (Ie took 80 years to bring everything under central control)

 In telecommunications matters, PMG was

‘the authority’ & the ‘service provider’ – effectively “judge, jury & executioner”




14



PMG’s Department





Politically, for many years the PMG was seen primarily as a delivery system for ensuring rural support of government:

• usually a Country Party minister

(Country Party was very strong rural based party)

• lower rental costs in the country (although installations cost more)

• major rural employer.

Rural network became much better than equivalent networks in the US or Canada.

 Telecommunications in metro areas were not ignored just seen as not so important politically –

• but still better than many parts of USA for most of the time

• eg late 1950s film ‘Pillowtalk’ based on a story about telephone

“party lines” (multi-drop lines) in NY City was not fully credible in

Australia - party lines had not been used in major cities for years.




15



The 1990/1991 Changes









Creation of a carrier "duopoly” for fixed telecommunications:

• Telecom plus OTC as one carrier (known as AOTC), and

• a second carrier (who would absorb a debt-free Aussat)

–

(OPTUS)

– Both carriers able to offer a full range of services;

– Each carrier awarded a cellular mobile licence

– A third mobile-only licence to be offered (ie no ‘fixed’ lines)

– (Vodaphone)

Full resale of local and international services permitted

• Service provider licences for private networks and value-added services

• A "Universal Service Obligation" element to be paid by all carriers to provide USOs in non-economic areas.

Limit of the duopoly to July 1997, then full deregulation.

Increased powers to Austel for regulatory purposes




28



1990s - Competition at last

 These changes set the pattern of Telecommunications administration for the rest of the 1990s.

 The Optus consortium won the 2nd carrier licence, and

Vodaphone the 3rd (mobile) licence.

– Both had guaranteed interconnect with Telecom facilities.

– Optus initially operated using Telecom (now Telstra) facilities provided in bulk at a discount.

 In the mid 1990s, political attention returned to Pay TV, which had been banned in 1984.

– Debates over satellite vs microwave vs cable delivery.

– Government refused to require cable-sharing, which led to the dual roll-out of HFC systems by Telstra and Optus.




29



Late 1990s - Deregulation







General continuation with policy directions set in 1991 and

1996 (see “ 1995 policy statement ” in the ‘Resources’ web page).

The 1997 Telecommunications Act:

• opens up the Telecommunication market to more carriers and service providers;

• attempts to make the industry more self-regulating via

– the Australian Communications Industry Forum, and

– the Telecommunications Access Forum, etc.)

• combined the regulatory aspects of Austel and the Spectrum

Management Authority (SMA) to form the

Australian Communications Authority (ACA)

• placed the market surveillance activity with the Australian competition watchdog - the ACCC.

The 49% sale of Telstra (approx 1998) to the public really did not change any policies. Government retains 51% control.




30






Results

What are the results of all this?

31



Basic Telephone Services (2002)

 Australian law requires that a standard telephone service:

– be readily available everywhere;

– is subject to price controls;

– meets set standards of reliability, availability etc;

– be connected and repaired within reasonable timeframes; and

– caters for those with special needs and who need access to emergency services.

– (Source “Users Guide to Australian Telecommunications 2002”

Available from DCITA website)

 Mobile phone coverage (GSM and CDMA) now cover 98% of population (but only about 4% of land area)

 Satellite mobile phone systems cover 100% of the land area




32



Internet and Data 2002

 8.4 Million use the Internet

 All Australians now can dial up at least one ISP using untimed ‘local call’ rates

 Digital Data Service Obligation guarantees availability of at least 64 Kbps ISDN or equivalent to all Australians

(for a price)

 Broadband is provided over a variety of platforms, including:

– cable;

– satellite;

– wireless systems; and

– copper wires




33



Cost and Price Reductions

 Dramatic reduction in costs incurred by the carriers

• cheaper, more reliable equipment etc

• significantly reduced staffing levels (“Lean and Mean” approach)

– eg Telstra only about 50% previous staff numbers

–

(Consider how this impacts longer term service and support levels)

 Significant price reductions to the end consumer due to competition, lower costs and more flexible pricing packages

– From 1997 to 2002, prices reduced:

• Local calls by 8.27% per year

• National long distance calls 8.4% per year

• International calls 21% per year

– (reference: ACA website -

“User’s Guide to Australian Telecommunications 2002”)




34



Unexpected Results



“A unique feature of competition in the telecommunications industry is that competitors have no option but to use each other's networks. Telephone, facsimile, internet and other services require 'any-toany connectivity’”

• From

“Liberalisation of the Telecommunications Sector –

Australia's experience”

( August 2002 - available on DCITA website)

 Technological advances and unbridled competition has produced massive oversupply of bandwidth in some areas eg between capital cities on east coast.

 Potential lack of trained personnel in future




35



World Wide Scene

 The Australian scene generally parallels world wide developments

– Worldwide, there is progressively less involvement by governments in technological service provision

• although recent days have seen some attempts to return to this

– Telecommunications industry and marketplace much larger & more complex than foreseen as recently as 10 years ago, and

– rapidly becoming even more so

•

A myriad of lawyers now working in telecommunications

 Many other countries following similar path (monopoly, duopoly, many suppliers) to deregulation and competition –

• some are ahead of Australia,

• some behind.

• All can learn from each others successes and mistakes

– BUT each country has unique geography, population density, culture, history and needs etc

– Hence each must walk its own path in the end




36



CSE5806



Lecture 2

Structure and Governance of the

Australian Telecommunications Industry




37



Legislation





Many pieces of legislation cover Telecommunications area.

• Telecommunications Act 1997 is main one for this subject

– for full list see DCITA website - most can be downloaded

Notes about legislation and terminology

– Legislation under consideration by parliament is known as a ‘Bill’.

– Bills become ‘Acts’ when passed by the parliament

– Acts become law when given ‘royal assent’ by Governor General

(usually quite soon after being passed).

– Acts generally referenced by the title and date of the original act.

–

As time goes by, amendments to the original act are passed by the parliament. Latest amendment to the Telecommunications Act 1997 (as of June 2003) is dated Feb 2003.

– If a very significant change is made, then the new Act will be given a new date and possibly a new title as well.




39



Telecommunications Act 1997





Given Royal Assent 22 April 1997 (signed into law)

Has been amended several times since 1997

• ie is dynamic and current, not static and obsolete

• Feb 2003 compilation about 530 pages in total

 Telecommunications Act works with many other acts - eg

• Radiocommunications Act 1992

• Trade Practices Act 1974

 Telecommunications Act covers all telecommunications of which any earth-based terminal point is within Australian territory or control, including:

• Australian continent, islands, and territorial waters

• from undersea in Australian waters to stratosphere

• specifically excludes a satellite above stratosphere,but covers the satellite earth stations or receivers in Australia




40



Objects of the 1997 Act



“The main object of this Act, when read together with Parts XIB and XIC of the

Trade Practices Act 1974, is to provide a regulatory framework that promotes:

(a) the long-term interests of end-users of carriage services or of services provided by means of carriage services; and

(b) the efficiency and international competitiveness of the Australian telecommunications industry”



“Other objects of this Act, … ”

• Goes for two pages, and specifically includes

• provision of basic services to all Australians

• promotion of innovation and competiveness by industry

• promotion of Australian industry

• promotion of community safeguards

• promotion of underground lines




41



Summary of Act:







Act is comprehensive and all embracing

Works with other Acts and regulations

Significant volume of the Act is definitions of various aspects





General thrust of the Act, in line with much of the world, is to:

• liberalise previously over-restrictive regimes,

• bring Telcos under normal community laws and regulation

• promote industry self-regulation

• promote competition, innovation and user-choices, while

• ensure that the good points of previous regimes are not lost - eg good rural communications

Has it succeeded? Looking good, but needs fine tuning




48



Administrative, Regulatory and

Industry Bodies




Main organisations involved.

50



Administrative and Regulatory

 The functions of these bodies are detailed in the various

Acts, (which allow provision for name changes eg see DCITA)

– Australian Competition and Consumer Commission ( ACCC )

– Department of Communication, Information Technology and the

Arts ( DCITA )

• Formerly known as “Department of Communications and the Arts

(DOCA) Telecommunications Industry Division”

– Australian Communications Authority ( ACA )

– Australian Communications Industry Forum ( ACIF )

– Australian Communications Access Forum ( ACAF )

– Telecommunications Industry Ombudsman ( TIO )




51



Administrative and Regulatory (2)

 Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC)

• Statutory body r esponsible for economic and competition aspects of telecommunications regulation

– with powers and responsibilities to enable promotion of competition, fair trading, consumer protection within the telecommunications sector (and elsewhere)

 Department of Communication, Information Technology and the Arts (DCITA)

• A department of the Australian Commonwealth

Government

– Reports to the Minister for Communications, Information Economy and the Arts




52




 Australian Communications Authority ( ACA )

• The Australian Communications Authority (formed 1997) is responsible for regulating telecommunications and radio communications

 Australian Communications Industry Forum ( ACIF )

• Peak self-regulatory body established to develop codes and standards as per ACA Act

• Evolved from National Industry Interworking Forum (NIIF) established prior to 1997 regulatory scheme




53




 Telecommunications Industry Ombudsman ( TIO )

• An independent body acting as "last resort" for handling of complaints for customers of telecommunications services

• All carriers, carriage service providers and Internet service providers are required by legislation to join and fund the scheme

• TIO does not handle disputes between carriers and/or service providers, but only complaints lodged by consumers




55



Australian Industry Bodies

 These organisations are voluntary industry associations

• Australian Telecommunications Users Group ( ATUG )

• Australian Electrical & Electronic Manufacturers'

Association ( AEEMA )

• Australian Telecommunication Industry Association ( ATIA )

- a grouping with AEEMA

• Service Providers Industry Association ( SPAN )

• Australian Information Industry Association ( AIIA )




56



Telecommunications Carriers




Telecommunications Carriers must have a Carrier Licence

61



Carrier Licensing Concepts (1997+)

 Open licensing regime - any body or organisation may apply

 No distinction on basis of technology used

– ie no licensing distinction between fixed, mobile, satellite, etc

 No distinction between services which carry data or voice

 A carrier licence must be held by the owner of network unit(s) used to supply carriage services to the public, unless:

– a ‘ nominated carrier declaration ’ is in force; or

– an exemption has been granted

 Content Service providers are not individually licenced, but must comply with obligations specified in the Act

 NOTE: Wireless LAN operators have certain obligations




64



Who MUST Hold a Carrier Licence?





Carriers and Carriage Service Providers (CSPs) must hold

Carrier Licence

– CSPs may the delivery agents for services from carriers

(distinction for financial and legal reasons)

Owner of a network unit must not use or allow unit to be used to supply telecommunications carriage services to public unless

– owner holds carrier licence; or

– nominated carrier declaration is in force in relation to unit

(effectively a legal statement that Party A owns the equipment which is being used by Party B to provide telecommunications services to the public)

• Organisations may apply to be a “nominated carrier” in relation to a particular network unit




65



What is a Network Unit?

 Generally a ‘Network Unit” is one that has any of:

– Individual line links exceeding 500m each

– Multiple links exceeding 5km in total

– Designated radiocommunications links

– Mobile service base stations

– Satellite base stations

– Wireless local loop base stations

– Satellite-based facilities

– Double-ended interconnected fixed links

– Other links determined by the Minister

• And is used for “supply to the public”

(ie carriage service provided to the public for a fee)




66



“Supply to the Public”

 Means:

• Supply of Telecommunications Carriage Services to endusers outside ‘immediate circle of owner’ of unit.

• “Immediate circle of owner” includes

– employees

• (but does this include ‘contracted organisations’ or ‘contract staff’?)

– for a body corporate - officers of the body corporate and any related body corporate; and

– a government body - special provisions apply




67



Service Providers



From Telecommunications Act 1997 Part 4, Section 85

A service provider is:

(a) a carriage service provid er; or

(b) a content service provider .

A carriage service provider is a person who supplies, or proposes to supply, certain carriage services. (see Telecommunications Act

1997, section 87)

A content service provider is a person who supplies, or proposes to supply, certain content services.

(see Telecommunications Act 1997, section 97)

Service providers must comply with the service provider rules .




68



Service Provider Regulation

 No formal licensing requirements for Content Service

Providers

 Must comply with Service Provider Rules in Schedule 2 to the Telecommunications Act 1997 including:

– other obligations in the Act on service providers

(eg. compliance with industry codes)

– to provide directory assistance, operator services and itemised billing to customers using standard telephone service; and

– complying with access obligations

 ACA can impose additional service provider rules

– ACA must consult with ACCC before doing so




71



Carrier Licensing - Fees



Fees are based on a ‘User pays’ principle

• (ie recovery of costs by the government)

– Feb 2002 Carrier Licence application fee $10,000

– June 2002 Carrier Licence annual fee larger of

$10,000 or Carrier’s share of CoA costs in governing the industry

(ACA, AAAC, DOCITA, ITU etc)

• (ACA costs effectively about $18.5M in 2001-2002)

• (other CoA costs not considered in this lecture)

• “Carrier’s Share” is based on

(carrier telecommunications income) / (total for all licence holders)

– Annual fees (FY 2000/20001) range from

• $10,000 for a licence holder with no income, to

• estimated $13M+ for Telstra




72



Pre-Selection and Numbering Issues

1. Pre-selection is the concept that a consumer may use a particular carrier by default when dialing

2. A National Numbering Plan is used to provide consistency of approach for all telephone numbering in Australia.

3. An Integrated Public Number Data Base must be maintained




4. Number Portability

73






National Interest Matters

Privacy of Communications

Law Enforcement matters

Crisis Management

76



Emergency Call Services

 ACA may impose requirements on any or all of the following, in relation to emergency call services:

• carriers

• carriage service providers

• emergency call person



Telstra is the ‘Emergency Call Person’

• Operates the emergency call service:

– answering calls to 000

– transferring those calls to the relevant Emergency Service

Organisation (ESO) for the caller's geographical area

– forwarding data to the ESO - eg calling number and location




82



Customer Service Guarantee (CSG)

CSG is the basic service standard to be met.

Past performance on service requests has led to the establishment of the CSG




83



Customer Service Guarantee (CSG)







What it is

– Minimum set of performance standards for connections, fault resolution, site visits

– Covers standard phone service & specific call handling features

– Legally binding on CSPs providing these services

Why it is needed

– Designed to improve poor customer service in some areas

– Drive improvement where there is little or no competition eg rural

How it works

– Financial compensation to customers

– Implemented by carriage service providers

– No specific enforcement provisions in original Act

• ACA monitors and reports performance

• TIO handles unresolved individual complaints




84



Specified Customer Services

 The types of services affected are:

• Connections (includes re-connections)

– In-place - ie re-connection of a previously existing service

– New connections

• where there is available infrastructure

• where there is no available infrastructure

• Fault repairs

• Appointment times for any service call




85



CSG Standards







In-place connections -

– 3 working days from customer request

New connections, where close to available infrastructure

– 1 week for communities above 10,000

– 2 weeks for communities between 2,500 and 10,000

– 8 weeks for communities less than 2,500

Standards also exist for fault repairs & information provision

 Half-day appointments must be offered for site attendance

– ie the CSP must propose a half day window

– Full day appointments can only be offered if a half day appointment has been offered and is not acceptable

• Appointments missed by more than 15 minutes attract a penalty payment




86



CSG - Main Areas of Concern





Areas of concern regarding the CSG

– Connection definitions and times

– Waiver arrangements

– Faults blamed on ‘another network’

– Appointments being ignored, not met, changed arbitrarily

– Exemptions being claimed for inadequate or marginal reasons

– Compliance reporting is sometimes biased

Some elements of CSPs are behind current community expectations

– A boy died of an asthma attack (2002) because parents could not call for help as phone was out of service

 CSG is under constant review




88



Further information on CSG

• your phone company

• the TIO - www.tio.com.au

• the ACA - www.aca.gov.au




89



ACA Internal Organization

Telecommunications Standards Group

Telecommunications Standards and Compliance




International Liaison and Cabling

Promotion Coordination

90



Standards and Compliance

 Provides high level technical services

 Represent ACA's interests in development and maintenance of technical standards

 Develop and maintenance of compliance regimes and mutual recognition arrangements (MRAS)

 Manage delegated responsibilities

(certification body, issuing of connection permits)




91



International Liaison & Cabling

 Provide high level advice on international and regional activities

 Act as a cabling technical reference point for the industry

 Manage delegated responsibilities (Cabling provider rules)




92



Technical Regulation - Overview

Based on policy of industry self regulation, where reasonable

Formation of ACA (AUSTEL & SMA)

Transfer of certain responsibilities to the Australian

Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC)

Formation of Aust. Communications Industry Forum (ACIF)




93



Self-Regulation

with a Safety Net

1997



Section 4 Regulatory Policy



“The Parliament intends that telecommunications be regulated in a manner that:

(a) promotes the greatest practicable use of industry self-regulation; and

(b) does not impose undue financial and administrative burdens on participants in the Australian telecommunications industry; but does not compromise the effectiveness of regulation in achieving the objects mentioned in section 3”.

(Sect 3 covered working with Trade Practices Act 1974 to provide a regulatory framework)




94



Technical Standards





Scope

– health & safety protection,

– network integrity protection,

– interoperability - standard telephone service only,

– access to emergency services, and

– achieving objectives specified in the regulations

By 1999, 21 ACA Technical Standards made

 Compliance mandated by the Labeling Instrument

 Type approval regime replaced by a compliance labeling regime




95



Summary of Compliance Issues

 Self regulation where possible, with regulator safety net

 ACIF established by industry to facilitate self regulation.

 Permit process replaced by a labeling regime, but existing permits accommodated for interim period (to 1999).

 New telecommunications compliance and non-compliance symbols, and

C-Tick use still required.

 Customer cabling products now to be labeled

 Australian manufacturers and importers now bear the compliance labeling responsibilities, not the suppliers per se

 Graded compliance demonstration approach

 Lawful connection possible where item is labeled non-compliant




97



Revision 1 - Monash University

Telecommunications Management

CSE5806 Revision 1

NOTES

This presentation contains ‘hidden slides’

Telecommunications Management

What is

Telecommunications Management?

Some thoughts for consideration

Roles of Telecommunications Manager

Staff role of Telecomm’s Manager

Line role of Telecomm’s Manager

Management Versus Administration

Telecommunications Management

Lecture 1

Development of National

Telecommunication Policy in Australia

References

Introduction

Influences

CoA Legislative Powers

External Telecommunications

Internal Aust. Telecommunications

PMG’s Department

The 1990/1991 Changes

1990s - Competition at last

Late 1990s - Deregulation

Results

What are the results of all this?

Basic Telephone Services (2002)

Internet and Data 2002

Cost and Price Reductions

Unexpected Results

World Wide Scene

CSE5806

Telecommunications Management

Lecture 2

Structure and Governance of the

Australian Telecommunications Industry

Legislation

Telecommunications Act 1997

Objects of the 1997 Act

Summary of Act:

Administrative, Regulatory and

Industry Bodies

Main organisations involved.

Administrative and Regulatory

Administrative and Regulatory (2)

Administrative and Regulatory (3)

Administrative and Regulatory (5)

Australian Industry Bodies

Telecommunications Carriers

Telecommunications Carriers must have a Carrier Licence

Carrier Licensing Concepts (1997+)

Who MUST Hold a Carrier Licence?

What is a Network Unit?

“Supply to the Public”

Service Providers

Service Provider Regulation

Carrier Licensing - Fees

Pre-Selection and Numbering Issues

National Interest Matters

Privacy of Communications

Law Enforcement matters

Crisis Management

Emergency Call Services

Customer Service Guarantee (CSG)

CSG is the basic service standard to be met.

Past performance on service requests has led to the establishment of the CSG

Customer Service Guarantee (CSG)

Specified Customer Services

CSG Standards

CSG - Main Areas of Concern

Further information on CSG

ACA Internal Organization

Telecommunications Standards Group

Telecommunications Standards and Compliance

International Liaison and Cabling

Promotion Coordination

Standards and Compliance