Air Emission Control Technology
Frances A. Hardrick
We Energies
UWM Air Pollution Meteorology Class
November 20, 2007
Overview

Air Emission and Monitoring

Project Specifics

Careers
How Electricity Is Made
CEM in General Terms

Continuous Emissions Monitoring (CEM)
 Sample
the Flue Gas - One of Two Ways
 Measure
Directly at the Stack or Duct
 Extract
Sample and Transport to Analyzing
Equipment
 Log
Results Electronically
 Store
Data for Historical Record
What Drives Improvement?

We Energies Emission Controls
Influenced by Environmental Commitment
and Governmental Regulations
 EPA Clean Air Act
 Consent
1963/1970/1990
Decree 2003
 Performance
 Clean Air
Specification 11 (PS-11) 2004
Mercury Rule (CAMR) 2005
Clean Air Act

EPA Clean Air Act 1963/1970/1990
 Sets
Limits on Air Pollutants
 Approves
 Assists
Plans for Reducing Air Pollutants
in Supporting Clean Air Progress
Consent Decree

Agreement to Significantly Reduce Air
Emissions From Coal-Fueled Plants
 Nitrogen
 Sulfur
Oxide (NOX)
Dioxide (SO2)
 Particulate
 Mercury
Matter (PM)
(Hg) which was optional
PS-11 and CAMR

Finalized Specifications and Test
Procedures for Particulate Matter
Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems
(PM CEMS) at Stationary Sources

Finalized Clean Air Mercury Rule (CAMR)
and Specification and Test Methods for
Total Vapor Phase Mercury CEMS in
Stationary Sources
PM CEMS Duct Location
P-5B Particulate Monitor

Probe and Analyzer
Are Integral, One Unit

Measures at the Duct

Monitor Made to
Withstand Outside
Environment
Power & Fiber
Optics Box
Protective
Cover
Protective Tube
Attached here
P-5B Particulate Monitor

This is a View With
the Cover Removed
Bolts to flange here

Uses Light to
Measure Particle
Concentration

Units in g/m3
Blower
Electronics
PM CEMS Stack Location
Sample Line
Run
Probe Location
Sample Line
Run
BetaGuard Particulate Monitor

Probe and Analyzer
Not Integral

Analyzer Housed in
Equipment Shelter

Probe at the Stack

Gas Sample
Transported Via
Sample Line
BetaGuard Particulate Monitor

View of Analyzer
Inside Shelter

Uses Beta Particle
Technology to
Measure
Concentration

Units in g/m3
BetaGuard Extraction Probe

Probe Shown in the
Shop
Sample
Line
Nozzle
Mercury Analyzer
Careers In Air Emission Controls

Engineering

Product Research and Design

Construction

Air Testing

Overall Project Management

Regulatory

Legal
Questions?
Thank You for Your Time and Attention