TYPES OF
DISORDERS
- ANXIETY
- MOOD
TODAY’S OBJECTIVES
• Identify the behavioral patterns
that psychologists label as anxiety
disorders.
• Explain what causes anxiety
disorders.
• Describe several theories that try
to explain mood disorders.
ANXIETY
• A general state of dread or
uneasiness that a person feels in
response to a real or imagined
danger
• Intense anxiety may interfere with
normal life
• Most common type of mental illness
in the US
– Affects nearly 40 million Americans
• Disorder: involves fears that are
uncontrollable, disproportionate to
the actual danger and disruptive of
ordinary life
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Cr7IomSy8s
ANXIETY DISORDERS
• Characterized by unrealistic anxiety
• Feature motor tension (jumpiness),
hyperactivity (racing heart, dizziness)
and apprehensive expectations and
thoughts
• 5 major types:
1. Generalized anxiety disorder
2. Panic Disorder
3. Phobia Disorder
4. Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder
5. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
GENERALIZED ANXIETY
• Different from everyday feelings of
anxiety
• Persistent anxiety for at least six
months
– Unable to pinpoint reasons for
anxiety
• Nervous most of the time
• Takes a physical toll
– Suffer from fatigue, tension,
stomach problems, difficulty
sleeping
SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER
• Also called social phobia
• Excessive fear of social
situations
• Characterized by extreme selfconsciousness
• Distorted thinking, false
beliefs and negative opinions
of others
http://www.webmd.com/balance/video/too-scared-social-anxietydisorder
PANIC DISORDER
• Recurrent, sudden onsets of
intense apprehension or terror
– Often with no specific cause
• Physical: chest pains,
trembling, sweating, dizziness,
and a feeling of helplessness
• Celebrities: Darwin, Kim
Basinger
• Women are twice as likely to
suffer than men
– Different hormone levels, coping
differently http://health.discovery.com/tv-shows/specials/videos/anxiousshellys-panic-attacks.htm
PHOBIA DISORDERS
• Irrational, overwhelming
persistent fear of an object or
situation
– Interferes with daily life
• People go to great lengths to
avoid the thing causing the
phobia
• EX: John Madden – fear of
flying
– Takes a bus to every game
• Behaviorists: learned phobia
– Event happen to make one afraid
http://now.msn.com/eric-berry-of-the-kansas-city-chiefs-is-afraid-of-horses
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xge49FuX5v4
COMMON PHOBIAS
• Acrophobia: fear of high
places
• Aerophobia: fear of flying
• Arachnophobia: fear of
spiders
• Claustrophobia: fear of
enclosed spaces
• Hydrophobia: fear of water
• Thanatophobia: Fear of dying
OBSESSIVE – COMPULSIVE
DISORDER (OCD)
• Anxiety-provoking thoughts that will
not go away and/or urges to perform
repetitive, ritualistic behaviors to
prevent or produce some future
situation
• Obsession: recurrent thoughts
• Compulsion: recurrent behaviors
– Ritualistic acts that relieve the
obsessions (thoughts)
• Ex: Howie Mandel, Leo Dicaprio, David
Beckham
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dSZNnz9SM4g
POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS
DISORDER (PTSD)
• Anxiety that develops through
exposure to a traumatic event
that has overwhelmed one’s
ability to cope
• Symptoms: flashbacks,
avoidance, reduced emotions,
difficulty w/ memory, impulsive
outbursts
http://www.oprah.com/own-super-soul-sunday/Brian-MancinisBattle-with-Post-Traumatic-Stress-Disorder-Video_1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_H_mAm4a4s
MOOD DISORDERS
• Psychological disorders in
which there is a primary
disturbance of MOOD
• Prolonged emotion that
colors the individual's entire
emotional state
• Includes cognitive,
behavioral, and physical
symptoms
• 2 main types: depressive,
and bipolar disorder
DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS
• Mood disorder in which one
suffers from DEPRESSION
– An unrelenting lack of pleasure
in life
• Severity varies
• Ex: Sheryl Crow, Eric Clapton,
Jim Carrey
• Major Depressive Disorder:
involves significant depressive
episodes (2 weeks or more)
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
• 9 symptoms:
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–
–
–
–
–
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Depressed mood most of the day
Reduced interests in activities
Weight loss or gain
Trouble sleeping
Lethargy
Loss of energy
Feeling of worthless or guilt
Problems thinking or concentrating
Recurrent thoughts of suicide or death
No history of manic episode (euphoric
mood)
• More likely to happen in women
BIPOLAR DISORDER
• Ups and downs in life take
an extreme and often
harmful tone
• Characterized by extreme
mood swings that include
one or more episodes of
mania
– MANIA: overexcited,
unrealistically optimistic state
• Manic state is followed by
depressive episode