Bell Ringer
• Define the following terms (list is published
on Edmodo and school website):
– Columbian Exchange
– Triangular Trade
– 13 Colonies
– Protestant Reformation
– Colonization by European Powers (English,
French, & Spanish Settlements)
Native Americans
-Land Bridge- aka Beringia
last Ice Age- 12,000 yrs ago
-Hunting and Gathering
-Agriculture develops
-Ancient civilizations
-adapted to their environments
-close relationship to the land
communal ownership
-belief in universal spirit
-Tribal communities
.
•During the glacial period this was
part of a migration route for
people, animals, and plants.
•Bering Land Bridge, aka Beringia,
is how many human populations
first passed from Asia to populate
the Americas
You can
find it
today, 42
miles
from the
Bering
Strait and
the
fishing
boundary
between
the
United
States
and Russia
Explorers
-Renaissance: rebirth
-Exploration: too $$
to travel by land.
Need alternative
routes
Portugal: leaders of
sea travel
Vasco Da Gama (14601524) was a
Portuguese explorer
who discovered an
ocean route from
Portugal to the East.
Columbus
1492: Italian sea cpt.
set sail to find route
to Asia/China
•
A cultural and political movement from 14th
c (1300s)- 17th c (1600s)
A new way of viewing the world thanks to
printable type, ideas could be read and
spread.
• Amerigo Vespucci:
• discovered that South America stretched really far South and Americas were
named after him.
•Vasco Nuñez de Balboa:
• Sent on an expedition with looking for treasure for Spain. The explorers were
allowed to keep four-fifths of the treasure, while the monarchs got 1/5. This
was called the Quinto Real, or Royal Fifth.
•Lasting Influence- Balboa is one of the main reasons Spain had control of
Mexico and Hispaniola. This affected the cultures and languages of the people,
and Spanish is still spoken there today
•Ferdinand Magellan:
•What He Wanted: Portuguese-born navigator enlisted the king of Spain's
support for an expedition to reach the Moluccas (islands in Indonesia) by
sailing westwards.
•Lasting Influence: cross the Atlantic and navigate through the straits at the
southern point of South America which were later named after him.
•April 1521, Magellan was killed in Philippians there after becoming involved in a
battle between two rival local chieftains.
•The strait of Magellan named after him and his crew reached Spain in
September 1522, completing the first ever circumnavigation of the globe.
ALL WERE….
• Conquistadors:
– Spanish and Portuguese explorers.
– They colonized much of the world
for Spain and Portugal in the 15th, 16th,
and 17th centuries.
Impact of Contact
-Colombus’ impression:
Natives will be easy to
enslave
-colonization by force
-effects of disease: killed
Native Americans who had
no immunity
-importation of Africans:
needed labor force
-Treaty of Tordesillas:
Divided the world between
Spain and Portugal
http://www.history.com/topics/columbuscontroversy/videos#christopher-columbusman-and-myth
Colombian Exchange
-transfer of goods
between societies
Columbus created a trade route from
Africa, to Europe, to North America.
Many plants, animals and diseases were
transferred between the three
continents.
The Columbian Exchange both benefited
and effected North America, Africa and
Europe.
Europe became $$$ & were immune to
many diseases they carried
-Americas sent corn,
potatoes, squash,
tomatoes, peanuts,
tobacco
-Europe sent horses, cows,
pigs, coffee, vanilla,
chocolate, and technology
The Columbian Exchange both benefited and negatively effected
North America, Africa and Europe.
NORTH AMERICANS:
The Native Americans got many diseases from Columbus's voyage. Many people
were killed from these diseases becasue they weren't immune to them like the
Europeans. Also many people were killed by warfare, which lowered their population.
The Native Americans lost a lot of land and slave labor by being traded by Africans and
Europeans. The only benefit from his voyage was they got new plants and animals.
AFRICANS:
Africans were believed to have extremely good slaves. The Europeans wanted slaves
so they had more work being done, so they traded with Africa for slaves. Africa lost most
of their best slaves and they were not happy about this at all. They also lost a lot of their
population from diseases that Europeans gave them. Many Africans died from this and
many lost their lives from going through hard slave labor. The benefit from Columbus's
voyage, like Native Americans, was they got new plants and animals.
EUROPEANS:
Europeans had huge benefit after Columbus's voyage and rediscovery of North
America. They became more wealthy than anyone else in the trade route. They had
most of the best fit slaves working for them which they traded from Africa. Their best
weapon was disease. They were immune to many diseases such as smallpox, measles,
and influenza while Africa and North America wasn't. The Europeans gave them these
diseases which killed them or made them extremely ill. The diseases wiped out their
populations and Europe got more land.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQPA5oNpfM4
Bell Ringer
• Add the following words to your
vocabulary list and define them (on
edmodo and school website)
– Lost Colony
– John White
– Jamestown
– John Smith
– Joint Stock Company
– Plymouth
First English Attempt
-Roanoke, NC-1587
Sir Walter Raleigh: sent
to establish colony in NA
Problems: not enough
supplies, winter
approaching. Cpt John
White sails back to get
supplies.
Returned in 1590…everyone
was gone.
Lost Colony
http://www.history.com/videos/mysteryroanoke#mystery-roanoke
John White: Gov/Cpt
Virginia Dare: 1st child
born in New World
Lost Colony
►What happened?
– Disease
– Starvation
– Indian attack
– Assimilation to nearby Indian tribe
►Only clue: words “CROATOAN” carved
into a post
Think/Pair/Share QuickWrite
•
•
•
•
Read the Roanoke Colony Article
Think: About What Happened and Why
Pair and Share With a Partner
Write a one paragraph analysis of what
you believe happened to the Lost Colony
and why.