The Cell
FOSS: Diversity of Life
Investigation 4
Contrasting Cases
1
What are cells?
• Please copy the web on the next page into
your notebook.
• On each branch of the web, list one idea you
can think of about cells. It is okay to leave
some blank, or list something you might not
be sure about. We will come back and
complete this web at the end of the lesson.
Contrasting Cases
2
Cells
Contrasting Cases
3
Introduction to cells
• Cells are the basic units of life.
• Although living things may all look very
different from one another, all living things are
made up of one or more cells.
• Here are some examples.
Contrasting Cases
4
Living things
• What do all of these have in common?
Contrasting Cases
5
Cells: the building blocks of life
• All of the living things on the previous slides are
made of one or more cells.
• A single cell is too small to see with just your eyes.
Photographs of cells can be taken through a
microscope, which make the cells look thousands of
times larger than they really are.
Contrasting Cases
6
Prokaryotes
Ferroplasma, Halobacteria, E. coli,
and L. acidophilus are examples of
organisms called prokaryotes.
Write some characteristics of these
organisms in your notebook.
What do they have in common?
What differences do they have?
Review your cards from previous
lessons if you need some hints.
Contrasting Cases
7
Prokaryotes (cont’d)
•Which domains and kingdoms are
these organisms classified under?
•Are they made up of one cell or
more than one cell?
•What is unique about these cells
compared to cells that make up
other organisms you have learned
about?
Contrasting Cases
8
Prokaryotic cells
Prokaryotic cells are simple,
and can live alone as
single-celled organisms.
Prokaryotic cells are also
unique because they do not
have organized, membranebound internal structures such
as a nucleus or other
organelles.
Contrasting Cases
9
Eukaryotes
The organisms you see pictured on
this slide are examples of
eukaryotes.
Write some characteristics of these
organisms in your notebook.
What do they have in common?
What differences do they have?
Contrasting Cases
10
Eukaryotes (cont’d)
Which domains and kingdoms are these
organisms classified under?
Are they made up of one cell or more than one
cell?
What is unique about these organisms
compared to others on this page?
What are some similarities and differences
they have with prokaryotes?
Contrasting Cases
11
Eukaryotic cells (cont’d)
Some eukaryotic cells can exist
on their own as single-celled
organisms, like the euglena (top
left).
Other eukaryotic cells are just
one of many cells that make up
an organism, and cannot survive
on their own.
Eukaryotic cells also have a
nucleus (indicated with an arrow)
and membrane-bound
organelles.
Contrasting Cases
12
Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
• What do these two types of organisms have in
common?
• What differences do they have?
• Use the Venn diagram to write down the
characteristics that are unique to each
category, and the characteristics that they
have in common.
Contrasting Cases
13
Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
common to all living things?
No nucleus
No organelles
Made of cell(s)
nucleus
organelles
Domain Animalia
Domain Plantae
Domain Fungi
Domain Archaea
Domain Bacteria
All single-celled
organisms
Domain Protista
Can be singlecelled
E. coli
Ferroplasma
Halobacteria
Can be multicellular
L. acidophilus
14
Contrasting Cases